LEADER 04987nam 22006855 450 001 9910300165903321 005 20200707031002.0 010 $a3-319-17870-9 024 7 $a10.1007/978-3-319-17870-7 035 $a(CKB)3710000000474172 035 $a(EBL)4178211 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001585320 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)16265564 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001585320 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)14865920 035 $a(PQKB)10732189 035 $a(DE-He213)978-3-319-17870-7 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC4178211 035 $a(PPN)190524545 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000474172 100 $a20150908d2015 u| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aMicrogravity and Vision Impairments in Astronauts /$fby Erik Seedhouse 205 $a1st ed. 2015. 210 1$aCham :$cSpringer International Publishing :$cImprint: Springer,$d2015. 215 $a1 online resource (102 p.) 225 1 $aSpringerBriefs in Space Development,$x2191-8171 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a3-319-17869-5 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aIntroduction -- Syndrome-specific Anatomy and Physiology -- Earth-bound Pathophysiology of Increased Intracranial Pressure -- Pathophysiology of Increased Intracranial Pressure in Weightlessness -- Pathology, demographics and anatomy of papilledema -- Microgravity Induced Cephalad Fluid Shift -- The Role of Carbon Dioxide -- Advanced Resistive Exercise Device (ARED) -- Diet on board the International Space Station. 330 $aRecent missions on board the International Space Station have revealed previously unreported physiological consequences of long duration space flight, particularly in eyesight, and in this Brief Dr. Seedhouse reviews the existing theories on what causes this degeneration and how long it will last. Notably, 60% of long-duration crews have reported subjective degradation in vision, a clear indication that further study is necessary before astronauts embark on even longer-term space missions. Decreased near-visual acuity was reported in 46% of ISS/Mir crewmembers, resulting in a change of up to 2 dioptres in their refractive correction. It is possible that ophthalmic changes have been present since the first days of spaceflight, but had been attributed to other causes; this approach to the issue as well as other hypotheses are all presented in full to give a broad foundation of the existing knowledge on the topic.  The changes have occurred at various times during a mission with varying degrees of visual degradation. Some cases resolved on return to Earth, but several crewmembers have not regained pre-flight visual acuity, indicating the damage may be permanent. One explanation of the syndrome has been attributed to hyperopic shift due to aging, but onboard analysis techniques, including visual acuity assessments, retinal imagery, and ultrasound examination of the eye, has led to the acceptance of a wider syndrome. In addition to vision changes, studies have reported flattening of the globe, swelling of the optic disc (papilledema), choroidal folds in the retina, swelling of the optic nerve sheath, and visual field defects. It is widely hypothesized that this spectrum of symptoms may be explained by an elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP). Establishing the provenance of this medical problem, monitoring its occurrence and resolving the symptoms for future long term space missions is a key challenge for space medicine. With this book, readers have an entry point for understanding the full scope of the problem and its possible origins. 410 0$aSpringerBriefs in Space Development,$x2191-8171 606 $aOphthalmology 606 $aAerospace engineering 606 $aAstronautics 606 $aSpace sciences 606 $aOphthalmology$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/H44004 606 $aAerospace Technology and Astronautics$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/T17050 606 $aSpace Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Exploration and Astronautics)$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/P22030 615 0$aOphthalmology. 615 0$aAerospace engineering. 615 0$aAstronautics. 615 0$aSpace sciences. 615 14$aOphthalmology. 615 24$aAerospace Technology and Astronautics. 615 24$aSpace Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Exploration and Astronautics). 676 $a616.980214 700 $aSeedhouse$b Erik$4aut$4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut$0791794 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910300165903321 996 $aMicrogravity and Vision Impairments in Astronauts$91867689 997 $aUNINA