LEADER 06636nam 2200721 450 001 9910813527103321 005 20230803195357.0 010 $a3-11-037292-4 010 $a3-11-033578-6 024 7 $a10.1515/9783110335781 035 $a(CKB)2670000000533825 035 $a(EBL)1609430 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001108876 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12399950 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001108876 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11104467 035 $a(PQKB)11193873 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1609430 035 $a(DE-B1597)213708 035 $a(OCoLC)870947921 035 $a(OCoLC)885390434 035 $a(DE-B1597)9783110335781 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1609430 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10848960 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL577511 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000533825 100 $a20140326h20142014 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurnn#---|u||u 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$a"To teach" in ancient Israel $ea cognitive linguistic study of a biblical Hebrew lexical set /$fWendy L. Widder 210 1$aBerlin, [Germany] :$cDe Gruyter,$d2014. 210 4$d©2014 215 $a1 online resource (256 p.) 225 1 $aBeihefte zur Zeitschrift fu?r die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft,$x0934-2575 ;$vVolume 456 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 0 $a3-11-033549-2 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $tFront matter --$tAcknowledgments --$tContents --$tList of Tables and Figures --$tList of Abbreviations --$t1. Introduction --$t2. Methodology --$t3. ??? in the Hiphil --$t4. ??? in the Qal and Piel --$t5. ??? in the Hiphil --$t6. ??? in the Piel --$t7. Synthesis and Summary --$tAppendix A: Prototype Meanings and Profiles of ???-H, ???-D, ???-H, ???-D --$tAppendix B: Meaning Potentials of BH Lexical Set "Teach" --$tList of References --$tScripture Index 330 $aThis book employs cognitive linguistics to determine the foundational elements of the ancient Israelites' concept of teaching as reflected in the text of the Hebrew Bible and Ben Sira. It analyzes four prominent lexemes that comprise a lexical set referring to the act of teaching: ???-H, ???-D, ???-H, and ???-D. The study concludes that, in its most basic form, the concept of teaching in ancient Israel was that a teacher creates the conditions in which learning can occur. The methodology employed in this project is built on a premise of cognitive studies, namely, that because teaching is a universal human activity, there is a universal concept of teaching: one person A recognizes that another person B lacks knowledge, belief, skills, and the like (or has incomplete or distorted knowledge, etc.), and person A attempts to bring about a changed state of knowledge, belief, or skill in person B. This universal concept provides the starting place for understanding the concept of teaching that Biblical Hebrew reflects, and it also forms the conceptual base against which the individual lexemes are profiled. The study incorporates a micro-level analysis and a macro-level analysis. At the micro-level, each lexeme is examined with respect to its linguistic forms (the linguistic analysis) and the contexts in which the lexeme occurs (the conceptual analysis). The linguistic analysis considers the clausal constructions of each instantiation and determines what transitivity, ditransitivity, or intransitivity contributes to the meaning. Collocations of the lexeme, including prepositional phrases, adverbial adjuncts, and parallel verbs, are evaluated for their contribution to meaning. The conceptual analysis of each lexeme identifies the meaning potential of each word, as well as what aspect of the meaning potential each instantiation activates. The study then determines the lexeme's prototypical meaning, which is profiled on the base of the universal concept of teaching. This step of profiling represents an important adaptation of the cognitive linguistics tool of profiling to meet the special requirements of working with ancient texts in that it profiles prototype meanings, not instantiations. In the macro-analysis, the data of all four lexemes in the lexical set are synthesized. The relationships among the lexemes are assessed in order to identify the basic level lexeme and consider whether the lexemes form a folk taxonomy. Finally, the profiles of the four prototype meanings are collated and compared in order to describe the ancient Israelite concept of teaching. The study finds that the basic level item of the lexical set is ???-D based on frequency of use and distribution. In its prototypical definition, ???-D means to intentionally put another person in a state in which s/he can acquire a skill or expertise through experience and practice. In contrast to this sustained kind of teaching, the prototypical meaning of ???-H is situational in nature: a person of authority or expertise gives specific, situational instruction to someone who lacks knowledge about what to do. The lexemes ???-D and ???-H represent the most restricted and the most expansive lexemes, respectively: the prototypical meaning of ???-D is to attempt to bring about changed behavior in another person through verbal or physical means, often to the point of causing pain; the prototypical meaning of ???-H is that a person of authority causes another person to be in a state of knowing something from the divine realm or related to experiences with the divine realm. The study determines that while the four lexemes of the Biblical Hebrew lexical set "to teach" have significant semantic overlap, they cannot be construed in a folk taxonomy because the words are not related in a hierarchical way. 410 0$aBeihefte zur Zeitschrift fu?r die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft ;$vVolume 456. 606 $aJews$xEducation$xHistory$yTo 70 A.D 606 $aEducation$xPhilosophy$xHistory$yTo 70 A.D 606 $aTeaching$xPhilosophy$xHistory$yTo 70 A.D 610 $aBiblical Hebrew. 610 $aCognitive linguistics. 610 $asemantic analysis. 610 $ateaching. 615 0$aJews$xEducation$xHistory 615 0$aEducation$xPhilosophy$xHistory 615 0$aTeaching$xPhilosophy$xHistory 676 $a370.95694 686 $aBC 6960$2rvk 700 $aWidder$b Wendy L.$f1968-$01690295 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910813527103321 996 $a"To teach" in ancient Israel$94065903 997 $aUNINA LEADER 06506nam 22007335 450 001 9910298978803321 005 20220302173847.0 010 $a3-662-43585-3 024 7 $a10.1007/978-3-662-43585-4 035 $a(CKB)3710000000281292 035 $a(EBL)1966024 035 $a(OCoLC)895661364 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001386085 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11781020 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001386085 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11350161 035 $a(PQKB)11394800 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1966024 035 $a(DE-He213)978-3-662-43585-4 035 $a(PPN)183086821 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000281292 100 $a20141113d2014 u| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aTowards the Multilingual Semantic Web $ePrinciples, Methods and Applications /$fedited by Paul Buitelaar, Philipp Cimiano 205 $a1st ed. 2014. 210 1$aBerlin, Heidelberg :$cSpringer Berlin Heidelberg :$cImprint: Springer,$d2014. 215 $a1 online resource (339 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 0 $a3-662-43584-5 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aPart Principles -- Overcoming Linguistic Barriers to the Multilingual Semantic Web -- Design Patterns for Engineering the Ontology-Lexicon Interface -- Context and Terminology in the Multilingual Semantic Web -- The Multilingual Semantic Web as Virtual Knowledge Commons: The Case of the Under-resourced South African Languages -- A three-dimensional paradigm for conceptually scoped language technology -- Towards Verbalizing Multilingual N-ary Relations -- Part Methods -- Publishing Linked Data on the Web: the Multilingual Dimension -- State-of-the-art in Multilingual and Cross-Lingual Ontology Matching -- Mind the cultural gap: bridging language specific DBpedia chapters for Question Answering -- Multilingual Extraction Ontologies -- Collaborative Management of Multilingual Ontologies -- From RDF to Natural Language and Back -- Multilingual Natural Language Interaction with Semantic Web Knowledge Bases and Linked Open Data -- A Cross-Lingual Correcting and Completive Method for Multilingual Ontology Labels -- A Cross-Lingual Correcting and Completive Method for Multilingual Ontology Labels -- Multilingual Lexicalisation and Population of Event Ontologies. A Case Study for Social Media -- Part Applications -- Semantically-Assisted XBRL-Taxonomy Alignment Across Languages -- Lexicalizing a multilingual ontology for searching in the Assistive Technology domain -- Service Oriented Architecture for Interoperability of Multi-Language Services. 330 $aTo date, the relation between multilingualism and the Semantic Web has not yet received enough attention in the research community. One major challenge for the Semantic Web community is to develop architectures, frameworks and systems that can help in overcoming national and language barriers, facilitating equal access to information produced in different cultures and languages. As such, this volume aims at documenting the state-of-the-art with regard to the vision of a Multilingual Semantic Web, in which semantic information will be accessible in and across multiple languages. The Multilingual Semantic Web as envisioned in this volume will support the following functionalities:  (1) responding to information needs in any language with regard to semantically structured data available on the Semantic Web and Linked Open Data (LOD) cloud, (2) verbalizing and accessing semantically structured data, ontologies or other conceptualizations in multiple languages, (3) harmonizing, integrating, aggregating, comparing and repurposing semantically structured data across languages, and (4) aligning and reconciling ontologies or other conceptualizations across languages. The volume is divided into three main sections: Principles, Methods and Applications. The section on ?Principles? discusses models, architectures, and methodologies that enrich the current Semantic Web architecture with features necessary to handle multiple languages. The section on ?Methods? describes algorithms and approaches for solving key issues related to the construction of the Multilingual Semantic Web. The section on ?Applications? describes the use of Multilingual Semantic Web based approaches in the context of several  application domains. This volume is essential reading for all academic and industrial researchers who want to embark on this new research field at the intersection of various research topics, including the Semantic Web, Linked Data, natural language processing, computational linguistics, terminology, and information retrieval. It will also be of great interest to practitioners who are interested in re-examining their existing infrastructure and methodologies for handling multiple languages in Web applications or information retrieval systems. 606 $aArtificial intelligence 606 $aComputational linguistics 606 $aInformation organization 606 $aInformation retrieval 606 $aUser interfaces (Computer systems) 606 $aArtificial Intelligence$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/I21000 606 $aComputational Linguistics$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/N22000 606 $aInformation Storage and Retrieval$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/I18032 606 $aUser Interfaces and Human Computer Interaction$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/I18067 615 0$aArtificial intelligence. 615 0$aComputational linguistics. 615 0$aInformation organization. 615 0$aInformation retrieval. 615 0$aUser interfaces (Computer systems) 615 14$aArtificial Intelligence. 615 24$aComputational Linguistics. 615 24$aInformation Storage and Retrieval. 615 24$aUser Interfaces and Human Computer Interaction. 676 $a004 676 $a005.437 676 $a006.3 676 $a025.04 702 $aBuitelaar$b Paul$4edt$4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/edt 702 $aCimiano$b Philipp$4edt$4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/edt 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910298978803321 996 $aTowards the Multilingual Semantic Web$92025283 997 $aUNINA