LEADER 05111nam 22005893u 450 001 9910271004103321 005 20220408193807.0 010 $a0470511281 010 $a1-282-34577-X 010 $a9786612345777 010 $a0-470-51129-X 035 $a(CKB)1000000000725397 035 $a(EBL)470500 035 $a(OCoLC)649829111 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC470500 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000725397 100 $a20130418d2000|||| u|| | 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 200 10$aAnalytical Instrumentation$b[electronic resource] $ePerformance Characteristics and Quality 210 $aChichester $cWiley$d2000 215 $a1 online resource (338 p.) 225 1 $aAnalytical Techniques in the Sciences 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-471-99901-6 327 $aANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTATION PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS AND QUALITY; Contents; Series Preface; Preface; Acronyms, Abbreviations and Symbols; About the Author; 1 Analytical Measurements; 1.1 Analytical Procedures; 1.1.1 Calibration; 1.2 Analytical Instrument; 1.3 Data Output; 1.4 Error, Uncertainty and Reliability; 1.4.1 Types of Error; 1.4.2 Precision, Repeatability and Reproducibility; 1.5 Analytical Method Characteristics; 1.5.1 Method Precision; 1.5.2 Ruggedness; 1.5.3 Selectivity (and Specijicity); References; 2 Uncertainty and Random Error; 2.1 Introduction 327 $a2.2 Probability Distribution of Errors2.2.1 Normal Distribution; 2.2.2 Rectangular Distribution; 2.3 Expression of Uncertainty; 2.4 Propagation of Errors - Combined Uncertainty; 2.4.1 Addition and Subtraction; 2.4.2 Multiplication and Diviswn; 2.4.3 Powers; 2.4.4 Functions; References; 3 Instrument Performance Characteristics; 3.1 Types of Characteristics; 3.1.1 Experimental Conditions - Types I and I(u); 3.1.2 Instrument Response - Types II and II(u); 3.2 Generic Response Characteristics; 3.2.1 Responsivity; 3.2.2 Noise; 3.2.3 Offset and Drift; 3.2.4 Linearity and Linear Dynamic Range 327 $a3.2.5 Instrument Selectivity (Specificity)3.3 Detectability Characteristics; 3.4 Interaction between Characteristics; 3.5 Memory Effects; 3.6 Specifications; Reference; 4 Quality Systems in Analytical Measurements; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Why is a Quality System Needed?; 4.2.1 Collaborative Trials; 4.3 What is a Quality System?; 4.4 Benefits of a Quality System; 4.5 Top-Down and Bottom-Up; 4.6 Approaches to Quality; 4.7 Quality Standards and Accreditation; 4.8 Valid Analytical Measurement (VAM) Programme; 4.9 Proficiency Testing and Certified Reference Materials; 4.10 Validated Methods 327 $a4.11 System Suitability Testing4.12 Equipment Qualification; 4.13 Quality Control of Instrument Performance; References; 5 UV-Visible Spectrophotometer Systems; 5.1 Basic (Single-Beam) System; 5.2 Operation of a Single-Beam Instrument; 5.2.1 Without Microprocessor Memory; 5.2.2 With Microprocessor Memory; 5.3 Double-Beam Systems; 5.4 Wavelength Scanning; 5.5 System Performance; 5.6 Spectral Characteristics; 5.6.1 Wavelength Accuracy and Precision; 5.6.2 Spectral Bandwidth; 5.6.3 Stray Light; 5.7 Photometric Uncertainties in Absorbance and Transmittance 327 $a5.7.1 Tracing Uncertainties in Absorbance and Transmittance5.7.2 Drzft in Source Output; 5.7.3 Thermal (Johnson) Noise in the Detection System; 5.7.4 Shot Noise in the Detection System; 5.7.5 Combined Photometric Uncertainties; 5.8 Photometric Characteristics; 5.8.1 Accuracy, Precision and Noise; 5.8.2 Baseline Flatness and Baseline Stability (Drifi); 5.8.3 Photometric Linearity; 5.8.4 Operational Wavelength Range; 6 Atomic Spectroscopy; 6.1 Radiation Processes; 6.2 Absorption Spectroscopy; 6.2.1 Flame Atomization; 6.2.2 Graphite Furnace Atomization 327 $a6.3 Background Correction for Absorption Systems 330 $aThere is an increasing need for analysts to understand and be able to quantify the performance of analytical instruments, in particular with respect to the following:* specifying equipment for purchase* estimating uncertainties in instrumental measurements* quantifying and demonstrating performance qualityThis text links together an understanding of performance characteristics with an appreciation of the limitations imposed by instrument design, leading to the interplay of the validation and qualification processes within quality assurance systems.A unique framework of topi 410 0$aAnalytical Techniques in the Sciences. 606 $aChemical process control 606 $aChemistry, Analytic 606 $aInstrumental analysis 606 $aMeasuring instruments 608 $aElectronic books. 615 4$aChemical process control. 615 4$aChemistry, Analytic. 615 0$aInstrumental analysis. 615 4$aMeasuring instruments. 676 $a543 676 $a543.07 700 $aCurrell$b Graham$0949703 801 0$bAU-PeEL 801 1$bAU-PeEL 801 2$bAU-PeEL 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910271004103321 996 $aAnalytical Instrumentation$92815592 997 $aUNINA