LEADER 03855nam 22006015 450 001 9910254296303321 005 20230810192307.0 010 $a3-319-64707-5 010 $a9783319647074$b(electronic bk.) 024 7 $a10.1007/978-3-319-64707-4 035 $a(CKB)4100000001381573 035 $a(DE-He213)978-3-319-64707-4 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC6312183 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC5589124 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL5589124 035 $a(OCoLC)1021280060 035 $a(PPN)222230150 035 $a(EXLCZ)994100000001381573 100 $a20171228d2017 u| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurnn#008mamaa 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aProportional Representation $eApportionment Methods and Their Applications /$fby Friedrich Pukelsheim 205 $a2nd ed. 2017. 210 1$aCham :$cSpringer International Publishing :$cImprint: Springer,$d2017. 215 $a1 online resource (xxvii,, 342 p.) $cill 311 $a3-319-64706-7 327 $aExposing Methods: The 2014 European Parliament Elections.- Imposing Constitutionality: The 2009 Bundestag Election -- From Reals to Integers: Rounding Functions and Rounding Rules.- Divisor Methods of Apportionment: Divide and Round -- Quota Methods of Apportionment: Divide and Rank -- Targeting the House Size: Discrepancy Distribution -- Favoring Some at the Expense of Others: Seat Biases -- Preferring Stronger Parties to Weaker Parties: Majorization -- Securing System Consistency: Coherence and Paradoxes -- Appraising Electoral Equality: Goodness-of-Fit Criteria -- Tracing Peculiarities: Vote Thresholds and Majority Clauses.- Truncating Seat Ranges: Minimum-Maximum Restrictions.- Proportionality and Personalization: BWG 2013 -- Representing Districts and Parties: Double Proportionality -- Double-Proportional Divisor Methods: Technicalities -- Biographical Digest -- Notes and Comments -- Biographies -- References -- Index. 330 $aThe book offers an in-depth study of the translation of vote counts into seat numbers in proportional representation systems  ? an approach guided by practical needs. It also provides plenty of empirical instances illustrating the results. It analyzes in detail the 2014 elections to the European Parliament in the 28 member states, as well as the 2009 and 2013 elections to the German Bundestag. This second edition is a complete revision and expanded version of the first edition published in 2014, and many empirical election results that serve as examples have been updated. Further, a final chapter has been added assembling biographical sketches and authoritative quotes from individuals who pioneered the development of apportionment methodology. The mathematical exposition and the interrelations with political science and constitutional jurisprudence make this an apt resource for interdisciplinary courses and seminars on electoral systems and apportionment methods. 606 $aGame theory 606 $aSocial sciences$xStatistical methods 606 $aPolitical science 606 $aGame Theory 606 $aStatistics in Social Sciences, Humanities, Law, Education, Behavorial Sciences, Public Policy 606 $aPolitical Science 615 0$aGame theory. 615 0$aSocial sciences$xStatistical methods. 615 0$aPolitical science. 615 14$aGame Theory. 615 24$aStatistics in Social Sciences, Humanities, Law, Education, Behavorial Sciences, Public Policy. 615 24$aPolitical Science. 676 $a328.3347 686 $a10.08.12.08$2EP-CLASS 700 $aPukelsheim$b Friedrich$0102628 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910254296303321 996 $aProportional representation$91410217 997 $aUNINA LEADER 04499nam 2200781z- 450 001 9910557371003321 005 20220111 035 $a(CKB)5400000000042181 035 $a(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/76967 035 $a(oapen)doab76967 035 $a(EXLCZ)995400000000042181 100 $a20202201d2021 |y 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurmn|---annan 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 00$aModelling the Deformation, Recrystallization and Microstructure-Related Properties in Metals 210 $aBasel, Switzerland$cMDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute$d2021 215 $a1 online resource (144 p.) 311 08$a3-0365-2384-7 311 08$a3-0365-2385-5 330 $aIn the special issue related to Modelling the Deformation, Recrystallization and Microstructure-Related Properties in Metals, we presented a wide spectrum of articles dealing with modelling of microstructural aspects involved in deformation and recrystallization as well as simulation of microstructure-based and texture-based properties in various metals. The latest advances in the theoretical interpretation of mesoscopic transformations based on experimental observations were partially discussed in the current special issue. The studies dealing with the modelling of structure-property relationships are likewise analyzed in the present collection of manuscripts. The contributions in the current collection evidently demonstrate that the properties of metallic materials are microstructure dependent and therefore the thermomechanical processing (TMP) of the polycrystalline aggregates should be strictly controlled to guarantee the desired bunch of qualities. Given this, the assessment of microstructure evolution in metallic systems is of extraordinary importance. Since the trial-error approach is a time-consuming and quite expensive methodology, the materials research community tends to employ a wide spectrum of computational approaches to simulate each chain of TMP and tune the processing variables to ensure the necessary microstructural state which will provide desired performance in the final product. Although many hidden facets of various technological processes and related microstructural changes were revealed in the submitted works by employing advanced computational approaches, nevertheless, the contributions collected in this issue clearly show that further efforts are required in the field of modelling to understand the complexity of material's world. The final goal of modelling efforts might be a development of a comprehensive model, which will be capable of describing many aspects of microstructure evolution during thermomechanical processing. 606 $aTechnology: general issues$2bicssc 610 $a300M steel 610 $aaluminum 610 $aboron steel 610 $acellular automaton 610 $acold rolling 610 $aconstitutive equation 610 $across-rolling 610 $aCu-Al-Ni monocrystalline alloy 610 $adeformation flow 610 $adeformation mechanisms 610 $adynamic recrystallization 610 $aearing 610 $aFeMnSiCrNi alloy 610 $afinite element analysis 610 $aGH4169 superalloy 610 $ahigh-strength steel 610 $ahot processing map 610 $ahot stamping 610 $ain situ experiments 610 $amagnesium alloy 610 $amartensitic transformation 610 $amicrostructure evolution 610 $amicrostructure evolution simulation 610 $amultidirectional forging 610 $an/a 610 $aphase transition 610 $aphysical characterization and structural characterization 610 $aplastic deformation 610 $apolycrystal plasticity modeling 610 $areversible martensitic transformations 610 $ashape memory alloy 610 $aspringback 610 $atailored hot stamping 610 $atexture 610 $atexture simulation 610 $athermal compression 610 $athermo-cyclic treatment under load 615 7$aTechnology: general issues 700 $aSidor$b Jurij J$4edt$01295450 702 $aSidor$b Jurij J$4oth 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910557371003321 996 $aModelling the Deformation, Recrystallization and Microstructure-Related Properties in Metals$93023459 997 $aUNINA