LEADER 04705nam 2200553 450 001 9910826500003321 005 20230809230451.0 010 $a3-11-040404-4 010 $a3-11-040401-X 024 7 $a10.1515/9783110404012 035 $a(CKB)3850000000000894 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC4843188 035 $a(DE-B1597)444382 035 $a(OCoLC)984643033 035 $a(DE-B1597)9783110404012 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL4843188 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr11375509 035 $a(OCoLC)983733544 035 $a(EXLCZ)993850000000000894 100 $a20170504h20172017 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $2rdacontent 182 $2rdamedia 183 $2rdacarrier 200 00$aExpats in Germany, inbound and outbound $equestions frequently asked by foreigners /$fedited by Nicole Elert, Christopher T. Brooks ; with contributions by Inga Mayer [and thirteen others] 210 1$aBerlin, [Germany] ;$aBoston, [Massachusetts] :$cDe Gruyter,$d2017. 210 4$d©2017 215 $a1 online resource (208 pages) 225 0 $aDe Gruyter Praxishandbuch 311 $a3-11-040383-8 327 $tFrontmatter -- $tPreface -- $tTable of Contents -- $tList of Abbreviations -- $tI. Introduction to German immigration -- $tII. Inbound -- $tIII. Outbound -- $tI. Introduction to German employment law -- $tII. Definitions -- $tIII. Applicable Law for international assignments to Germany -- $tIV. Contractual Set-Up -- $tV. Personnel Leasing -- $tVI. Frequently Asked Questions about German Employment Law -- $tI. Introduction to the German social security system -- $tII. EU/EEA-States and Switzerland -- $tIII. Countries with which German has a social security treaty -- $tIV. Rest of the world -- $tI. Introduction to the German income tax system -- $tII. Inbound -- $tIII. Outbound -- $tUseful Links -- $tGlossary 330 $aDie zunehmende Internationalisierung des Geschäftsverkehrs führt zu einer Vielzahl unterschiedlicher, grenzübergreifender Leistungs- und Austauschbeziehungen im täglichen Geschäft. Teilnehmer und Nutznießer dieser Internationalisierung sind nicht nur große Konzerne, sondern auch kleine und mittelständische Unternehmen, für die sich auf den internationalen Märkten erhebliche Chancen bieten. Mit der wachsenden Internationalisierung geht die Zunahme internationaler Mitarbeitereinsätze einher. In der betrieblichen Praxis wächst daher die Anzahl von Fragen ausländischer Firmen, Firmeninhaber, Personal-, Steuer- und Rechtsleiter, Investoren und ausländischer Arbeitnehmern etc. Um sicher zu gehen, dass der Entsendeprozess von Mitarbeitern sowohl nach Deutschland als auch das Empfangen aus Deutschland reibungslos und effizient verläuft, beantwortet das Werk dem ausländischen Anwender (Firma oder Arbeitnehmer) die am häufigsten gestellten Fragen. Der Fokus des Werks liegt auf der Beantwortung jener Fragestellungen, die sich bei der täglichen Personalarbeit stellen. Es ist ein Nachschlagewerk mit dem Blickwinkel des ausländischen Rechtsanwenders. 330 $aThe increasing internationalization of business leads to a cornucopia of differing cross-border exchanges in one's daily work. Participants and other beneficiaries of this internationalization include not only multi-national companies but also SMEs (small and mid-sized enterprises), for which the increased global market access offers substantial opportunities. With the growth of internationalization, too, comes an increase in employee assignments. In business practice, the number of questions from foreign companies, management, HR, tax and legal professionals, investors and non German employees etc., ist growing. In order to be certain that sending employees to or from Germany on work assignments can take place as smoothly and efficiently as possible, relevant questions asked by companies and workers need to be taken into consideration. This text does just that with a focus on answering common expat-relevant questions posed by professionals. It is a reference work for those foreigners subject to and applying German law. 606 $aForeign workers$xLegal status, laws, etc$zGermany$vMiscellanea 606 $aMigrant labor$xLegal status, laws, etc$zGermany$vMiscellanea 615 0$aForeign workers$xLegal status, laws, etc. 615 0$aMigrant labor$xLegal status, laws, etc. 676 $a344.4301/62 702 $aElert$b Nicole 702 $aBrooks$b Christopher T. 702 $aMayer$b Inga 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910826500003321 996 $aExpats in Germany, inbound and outbound$94073547 997 $aUNINA LEADER 07807nam 22006855 450 001 9910254027003321 005 20200630131318.0 010 $a3-319-32321-0 024 7 $a10.1007/978-3-319-32321-3 035 $a(CKB)3710000000711721 035 $a(DE-He213)978-3-319-32321-3 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC6303941 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC5591132 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL5591132 035 $a(OCoLC)949904467 035 $a(PPN)194074005 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000711721 100 $a20160514d2016 u| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurnn|008mamaa 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aStructure and Modeling of Complex Petroleum Mixtures /$fedited by Chunming Xu, Quan Shi 205 $a1st ed. 2016. 210 1$aCham :$cSpringer International Publishing :$cImprint: Springer,$d2016. 215 $a1 online resource (VII, 182 p.) 225 1 $aStructure and Bonding,$x0081-5993 ;$v168 311 $a3-319-32320-2 327 $aIntro -- Aims and Scope -- Preface -- Contents -- Molecular Structure and Association Behavior of Petroleum Asphaltene -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Chemical Structure of Asphaltene Molecule -- 2.1 Molecular Weight (MW) -- 2.2 Detail Composition and Structure -- 3 Molecular Interactions and Aggregation Models -- 3.1 Asphaltene Molecular Interactions -- 3.1.1 Acid-Base Interactions -- 3.1.2 Hydrogen Bonding -- 3.1.3 Coordination -- 3.1.4 pi-pi Stacking -- 3.2 Structural Model of Asphaltene Aggregation -- 3.2.1 Yen Model -- 3.2.2 Yen-Mullins Model -- 3.2.3 Gray´s Model -- 3.2.4 Yarranton´s Model -- 3.2.5 PAC Model -- 4 Asphaltene Deposition -- 4.1 Asphaltene Micellization and Aggregation -- 4.2 Asphaltene Nanoaggregation -- 4.3 Clustering of Asphaltene Nanoaggregates -- 5 Size Distribution of Asphaltene Monomers and Aggregates -- 5.1 Size of Asphaltene Monomers -- 5.2 Size of Asphaltene Aggregates -- 5.3 Effects on Size of Asphaltenes -- 6 Molecular Simulation -- 6.1 Atomic Level -- 6.2 Coarse-Grained Level -- 7 Thermodynamic Models and Oil Compatibility -- 8 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Porphyrins in Heavy Petroleums: A Review -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Vanadium and Nickel Compounds in Heavy Petroleums -- 3 Isolation of Porphyrins from Heavy Petroleums -- 3.1 Solvent Extraction for Primary Enrichment Separation -- 3.2 Column Chromatography for Porphyrins Separation -- 3.3 Purification Methods for the Specific Porphyrins -- 4 Chemical Characterization of Porphyrins -- 4.1 Identification and Quantification by UV-Visible Spectroscopy -- 4.2 Molecular Characterization by Mass Spectrometry -- 4.3 Structure Characterization by X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy -- 4.4 Other Methods -- 5 Porphyrins as a Maturity Parameter for Petroleum Thermal Evolution -- 6 Demetallization Technologies for Petroleum Upgrading -- 7 Summary and Future Prospects -- References. 327 $aRuthenium Ion-Catalyzed Oxidation for Petroleum Molecule Structural Features: A Review -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Principles and Methodology -- 2.1 Mechanism of RICO Catalytic Reaction -- 2.2 Basic Reactions of RICO -- 2.3 Other Side Reactions Occurring in RICO System -- 2.4 Quantitative Analysis of RICO Products -- 3 RICO Revealed Molecular Structure of Heavy Petroleum Fractions -- 3.1 Asphaltenes -- 3.2 Other Heavy Petroleum Fractions -- 3.3 Carbon Residue on Catalyst -- 3.4 Kerogen -- 4 Summary and Future Prospects -- References -- Molecular-Level Composition and Reaction Modeling for Heavy Petroleum Complex System -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Composition Model for Heavy Oil -- 2.1 Qualitative Molecular Information Determination -- 2.1.1 Core Representation -- 2.1.2 SC and IL Representation -- 2.1.3 Resid Molecule Sampling -- 2.2 Quantitative Molecular Information Determination -- 2.2.1 Quantitative Sampling Protocol -- 2.2.2 Model Optimization and Representative Results -- 3 Reaction Model for Heavy Oil -- 3.1 ARM Reaction Network Analysis -- 3.2 ARM Model Equation -- 3.3 Kinetic Parameters: LFER -- 3.4 Post-reaction Sampling and Product Property Estimation -- 3.5 Representative Results of a Resid Pyrolysis Model -- 4 Summary -- References -- Molecular Modeling for Petroleum-Related Applications -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Theory and Methods -- 2.1 Classification -- 2.2 QM-Based Methods -- 2.2.1 Ab Initio Methods -- 2.2.2 Semiempirical Methods -- 2.2.3 DFT -- 2.3 Force-Field-Based Methods -- 2.4 MM Models -- 2.5 MC Methods -- 2.6 MD Methods -- 3 Applications in Heavy Oil Chemistry -- 3.1 Improved B-L Method -- 3.2 Most Probable Molecular Conformation of Heavy Oil -- 4 Applications in Catalyst Development -- 4.1 Adsorption -- 4.1.1 Adsorption Isotherms -- 4.1.2 Adsorption Thermodynamics -- 4.1.3 Adsorption Sites -- 4.2 Diffusion -- 4.2.1 Diffusion in Zeolites. 327 $a4.2.2 Zeolite Modification -- 4.2.3 Diffusion in Hierarchical Zeolite -- 4.3 Catalyst Structure -- 5 Applications in Reactions of Refining Processes -- 5.1 Desulfurization -- 5.1.1 Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) -- 5.1.2 RADS -- 5.2 Hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) -- 5.3 Alkylation -- 5.4 Isomerization -- 5.5 Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) -- 6 Summary and Prospects -- References -- Index. 330 $aChemical structure and bonding. The scope of the series spans the entire Periodic Table and addresses structure and bonding issues associated with all of the elements. It also focuses attention on new and developing areas of modern structural and theoretical chemistry such as nanostructures, molecular electronics, designed molecular solids, surfaces, metal clusters and supramolecular structures. Physical and spectroscopic techniques used to determine, examine and model structures fall within the purview of Structure and Bonding to the extent that the focus is on the scientific results obtained and not on specialist information concerning the techniques themselves. Issues associated with the development of bonding models and generalizations that illuminate the reactivity pathways and rates of chemical processes are also relevant. The individual volumes in the series are thematic. The goal of each volume is to give the reader, whether at a university or in industry, a comprehensive overview of an area where new insights are emerging that are of interest to a larger scientific audience. 410 0$aStructure and Bonding,$x0081-5993 ;$v168 606 $aChemistry, Physical and theoretical 606 $aChemistry, Physical and theoretical 606 $aChemical engineering 606 $aFossil fuels 606 $aPhysical Chemistry$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/C21001 606 $aTheoretical and Computational Chemistry$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/C25007 606 $aIndustrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/C27000 606 $aFossil Fuels (incl. Carbon Capture)$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/114000 615 0$aChemistry, Physical and theoretical. 615 0$aChemistry, Physical and theoretical. 615 0$aChemical engineering. 615 0$aFossil fuels. 615 14$aPhysical Chemistry. 615 24$aTheoretical and Computational Chemistry. 615 24$aIndustrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering. 615 24$aFossil Fuels (incl. Carbon Capture). 676 $a665.5 702 $aXu$b Chunming$4edt$4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/edt 702 $aShi$b Quan$4edt$4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/edt 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910254027003321 996 $aStructure and Modeling of Complex Petroleum Mixtures$92503219 997 $aUNINA