LEADER 03797nam 22005895 450 001 9910253998303321 005 20200706031137.0 010 $a3-319-55877-3 024 7 $a10.1007/978-3-319-55877-6 035 $a(CKB)3710000001178406 035 $a(DE-He213)978-3-319-55877-6 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC4848056 035 $a(PPN)200514318 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000001178406 100 $a20170425d2017 u| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurnn|008mamaa 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aFossil Horses of South America $ePhylogeny, Systemics and Ecology /$fby José Luis Prado, María Teresa Alberdi 205 $a1st ed. 2017. 210 1$aCham :$cSpringer International Publishing :$cImprint: Springer,$d2017. 215 $a1 online resource (X, 150 p. 44 illus., 23 illus. in color.) 225 1 $aThe Latin American Studies Book Series,$x2366-3421 311 $a3-319-55876-5 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aIntroduction -- Taxonomy nomenclature -- Collections around the word -- Systematic and phylogeny -- Iostratigraphy and biogeography -- Ancient feeding ecology and niche differentiation of Pleistocene horses -- Horses and megafauna extinction. 330 $aThis book provides an update on the phylogeny, systematics and ecology of horses in South America based on data provided over the past three decades. The contemporary South American mammalian communities were shaped by the emergence of the Isthmus of Panama and by the profound climatic oscillations during the Pleistocene. Horses were a conspicuous group of immigrant mammals from North America that arrived in South America during the Pleistocene. This group is represented by 2 genera, Hippidion and Equus, which include small species (Hippidion devillei, H. saldiasi, E. andium and E. insulatus) and large forms (Equus neogeus and H. principale). Both groups arrived in South America via 2 different routes. One model designed to explain this migration indicates that the small forms used the Andes corridor, while larger horses used the eastern route and arrived through some coastal areas. Molecular dating (ancient DNA) suggests that the South American horses separated from the North American taxa (caballines and the New World stilt-legged horse) after 3.6 - 3.2 Ma, consistent with the final formation of the Panamanian Isthmus. Recent studies of stable isotopes in these horses indicate an extensive range of ?13C values cover closed woodlands to C4 grasslands. This plasticity agrees with the hypothesis that generalist species and open biome specialist species from North America indicate a positive migration through South America. 410 0$aThe Latin American Studies Book Series,$x2366-3421 606 $aPaleontology  606 $aGeobiology 606 $aAnimal ecology 606 $aPaleontology$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/G39000 606 $aBiogeosciences$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/G35010 606 $aAnimal Ecology$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/L19015 615 0$aPaleontology . 615 0$aGeobiology. 615 0$aAnimal ecology. 615 14$aPaleontology. 615 24$aBiogeosciences. 615 24$aAnimal Ecology. 676 $a569.72 700 $aPrado$b José Luis$4aut$4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut$01058533 702 $aAlberdi$b María Teresa$4aut$4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910253998303321 996 $aFossil Horses of South America$92500563 997 $aUNINA