LEADER 05642nam 2200601zu 450 001 9910220138803321 005 20230719182407.0 010 $a0-8330-9515-3 035 $a(CKB)3710000000656039 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001690749 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)16538900 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001690749 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)15054903 035 $a(PQKB)25078568 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000656039 100 $a20160829d2016 uh 0 101 0 $aeng 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aEnhancing space resilience through non-materiel means /$fGary McLeod [et al.] 210 31$aSanta Monica, Ca :$cRand Corporation,$d2016 215 $a1 online resource (xxii, 70 pages) $ccolor illustrations 225 0 $aResearch report Enhancing space resilience through non-materiel means 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 300 $a"RR-1067-AF"--Page 4 of cover 311 1 $a0-8330-9313-4 327 $tPreface --$tFigures --$tTables --$tSummary --$tAcknowledgments --$tAbbreviations --$g1.$tIntroduction:$tBackground --$tObjectives --$tScope --$tSpace resilience --$tApproach --$tReport structure --$g2.$tResilience and civil institutions:$tGeneral approaches for building resilient operations:$tImpact avoidance --$tAdaptation and flexibility --$tRecovery and restoration --$tPotential applications to the space operations community --$tSummary --$g3.$tResilience and U.S. government civil space agencies:$tCivil policy considerations:$tFull and open access --$tRapid delivery --$tContinuity of operations --$tSecurity classification --$tCivil practices:$tInformation --$tOrganization and tactics --$tCommand and control --$tTraining --$tPersonnel --$tSummary --$g4.$tResilience and Air Force space operations:$tOperational concept --$tFindings: information:$tSpace order of battle --$tLimited intelligence at SOPS/SWS --$tSpace knowledge of intelligence personnel --$tSpace Weather effects --$tSummary --$tFindings: organization and tactics:$tSpace protection lead --$tSpace protection tactics --$tTactics-sharing --$tSummary --$tFindings: command and control:$tSatellite C2 contacts --$tResponsibilities and authorities --$tAnomaly resolution --$tSummary --$tFindings: training:$tSpace protection training --$tExercises --$tMultiple satellite C2 systems --$tSummary --$tFindings: personnel:$tInitial qualifications --$tCareer progression --$tTrained operators --$tSummary --$tCost of implementation options --$tDetailed recommendations --$g5.$tResilience and a world with international and commercial partners:$tInformation --$tOrganization and tactics --$tCommand and control --$g6.$tRecommendations:$tOverarching recommendations:$tResilience as a priority --$tSpace protection CONOPS --$tDetailed recommendations:$tNear-term recommendations --$tFar-term recommendations --$tROM costs --$gAppendix A:$tSpace resilience cost analysis. 330 $a"Space is now a congested, contested, and competitive environment. Space systems must become more resilient to potential adversary actions and system failures, but changes to space systems are costly. To provide a complete look at resilience and possibly realize some benefit at lower cost, the Air Force asked RAND to identify non-materiel means--doctrine, organization, training, leadership and education, personnel, facilities, and policy--to enhance space resilience over the near and far terms. The authors developed implementation options to improve resilience based on a notional space protection operational concept: enhancing the capability of space operators to respond, in a timely and effective manner, to adversary counterspace actions. Operators need actionable information, appropriate organization and tactics, and dynamic command and control, supported by appropriate tools and decision aids, relevant training and exercises, and qualified personnel brought into the career field. The authors also recommend that Air Force Space Command develop a formal, end-to-end, space protection concept of operations (CONOPS) that captures all elements needed to improve resilience. In addition, the CONOPS could potentially follow the tenet of centralized control and decentralized execution in certain situations, such as when responding to adversary counterspace actions. For the near-term options, the rough order of magnitude (ROM) nonrecurring engineering (NRE) cost of implementation is estimated to be between $2.5 million and $3.6 million. For the far-term options, the ROM NRE cost is estimated to be between $109 million and $166 million, with the ROM recurring cost between $4 million and $5.4 million per year"--Publisher's description. 606 $aAstronautics, Military$xHistory$y21st century$zUnited States 606 $aSpace security$xHistory$y21st century 606 $aOrganizational resilience$xHistory$y21st century 615 0$aAstronautics, Military$xHistory 615 0$aSpace security$xHistory 615 0$aOrganizational resilience$xHistory 676 $a358/.84 700 $aMcLeod$b Gary$f1948-$01371877 702 $aDreyer$b Paul 702 $aNacouzi$b George 702 $aDreyer$b Paul 702 $aNacouzi$b George 702 $aEisman$b Mel 702 $aTorrington$b Geoffrey 702 $aLangeland$b Krista S 702 $aManheim$b David 702 $aHura$b Myron 712 02$aRand Corporation 712 02$aProject Air Force (U.S.) 801 0$bPQKB 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910220138803321 996 $aEnhancing space resilience through non-materiel means$93401633 997 $aUNINA