LEADER 02605oam 2200433zu 450 001 9910220093503321 005 20220908161330.0 010 $a0-8330-8318-X 035 $a(CKB)3360000000476933 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001048567 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12354687 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001048567 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11015030 035 $a(PQKB)10258304 035 $a(EXLCZ)993360000000476933 100 $a20160829d2012 uh 0 101 0 $aeng 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aSecond language skills for all? : analyzing a proposed language requirement for U.S. Air Force officers /$fChaitra M. Hardison 210 31$aSanta Monica, CA$cRand$d2012 215 $a1 online resource (xxiii, 148 pages) $ccolor illustrations 225 1 $aTechnical report (Rand Corporation) 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 $a0-8330-6034-1 327 $aIncreasing the language proficiency of incoming Air Force officers -- RAND's study -- Organization of the report -- Background on adult language learning -- Measuring language proficiency -- Categories of difficulty -- The supply of language expertise -- Individual differences among language learners -- Educational programs designed to achieve high levels of proficiency -- After language learning: attrition and maintenance -- Implications -- Survey of Air Force officers -- Survey sample -- Survey content -- Survey results -- Language skills among Air Force officers -- Language learning experiences -- Relationships between language skills and other desirable outcomes -- Mandatory proficiency policies -- Incentives and disincentives for learning a second language -- Open-ended responses -- Conclusions and recommendations -- Conclusions -- Recommendations -- Immediate next steps -- Closing comment -- A. Descriptions of the ILR proficiency levels -- B. List of language flagship programs -- Screenshots of the survey -- Language courses at ROTC detachments -- E. Additional details on "other" and open-ended responses. 517 0 $aSecond-Language Skills for All? 606 $aSecond language acquisition$zUnited States 606 $aCommunicative competence$zUnited States 615 0$aSecond language acquisition 615 0$aCommunicative competence 676 $a358.4/161 702 $aHardison$b Chaitra M 801 0$bPQKB 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910220093503321 996 $aSecond language skills for all? : analyzing a proposed language requirement for U.S. Air Force officers$92881374 997 $aUNINA