LEADER 04007nam 2200805 a 450 001 9910457409103321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-283-86416-9 010 $a0-8135-5019-X 024 7 $a10.36019/9780813550190 035 $a(CKB)2550000000073911 035 $a(EBL)864869 035 $a(OCoLC)768123450 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000565361 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11375856 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000565361 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10529055 035 $a(PQKB)11551641 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC864869 035 $a(MdBmJHUP)muse8209 035 $a(DE-B1597)530252 035 $a(OCoLC)1129149885 035 $a(DE-B1597)9780813550190 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL864869 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10518892 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL417666 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000000073911 100 $a20100128d2011 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur||#|||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aThrough Soviet Jewish eyes$b[electronic resource] $ephotography, war, and the Holocaust /$fDavid Shneer 210 $aNew Brunswick, N.J. $cRutgers University Press$dc2011 215 $a1 online resource (298 p.) 225 1 $aJewish cultures of the world 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-8135-4884-5 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $apt. 1. When photography was Jewish -- pt. 2. Soviet Jewish photographers confront World War II and the Holocaust. 330 $aMost view the relationship of Jews to the Soviet Union through the lens of repression and silence. Focusing on an elite group of two dozen Soviet-Jewish photographers, including Arkady Shaykhet, Alexander Grinberg, Mark Markov-Grinberg, Evgenii Khaldei, Dmitrii Baltermants, and Max Alpert, Through Soviet Jewish Eyes presents a different picture. These artists participated in a social project they believed in and with which they were emotionally and intellectually invested-they were charged by the Stalinist state to tell the visual story of the unprecedented horror we now call the Holocaust. These wartime photographers were the first liberators to bear witness with cameras to Nazi atrocities, three years before Americans arrived at Buchenwald and Dachau. In this passionate work, David Shneer tells their stories and highlights their work through their very own images-he has amassed never-before-published photographs from families, collectors, and private archives. Through Soviet Jewish Eyes helps us understand why so many Jews flocked to Soviet photography; what their lives and work looked like during the rise of Stalinism, during and then after the war; and why Jews were the ones charged with documenting the Soviet experiment and then its near destruction at the hands of the Nazis. 410 0$aJewish cultures of the world. 606 $aPhotographers$zSoviet Union$xHistory 606 $aPhotographers$zSoviet Union$vBiography 606 $aJewish photographers$zSoviet Union$xHistory 606 $aJewish photographers$zSoviet Union$vBiography 606 $aDocumentary photography$zSoviet Union$xHistory 606 $aWorld War, 1939-1945$xPhotography 606 $aWar photography$zEurope, Eastern 606 $aWorld War, 1939-1945$zEurope, Eastern$vPictorial works 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aPhotographers$xHistory. 615 0$aPhotographers 615 0$aJewish photographers$xHistory. 615 0$aJewish photographers 615 0$aDocumentary photography$xHistory. 615 0$aWorld War, 1939-1945$xPhotography. 615 0$aWar photography 615 0$aWorld War, 1939-1945 676 $a770.947 686 $aNQ 5055$2rvk 700 $aShneer$b David$f1972-$0878712 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910457409103321 996 $aThrough Soviet Jewish eyes$92466435 997 $aUNINA LEADER 05225nam 2200649 450 001 9910220091803321 005 20231108003917.0 010 $a0-8330-8549-2 010 $a0-8330-8547-6 035 $a(CKB)3710000000108683 035 $a(EBL)1684540 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001216878 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11836996 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001216878 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11197744 035 $a(PQKB)10803063 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1684540 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10867874 035 $a(OCoLC)879551018 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1684540 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000108683 100 $a20140517h20142014 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aRedirecting innovation in U.S. health care $eoptions to decrease spending and increase value /$fSteven Garber [and six others] 210 1$aSanta Monica, California :$cRAND Corporation,$d2014. 210 4$dİ2014 215 $a1 online resource (135 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-8330-8546-8 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aCover; Title Page; Copyright; Preface; Contents; Figures; Summary; Acknowledgments; Abbreviations; Chapter One: Introduction; Project Goals; What Determines Value for Health Care Products?; Chapter Two: The Context for Medical Product Innovation; Three Stages of Innovation; Primary Actors in Inventing Medical Products; Drug and Device Companies; HIT Companies; Goals of Medical Product Inventors; Private Investors; Financial Incentives of Medical Product Inventors; Influencers of Medical Product Invention; National Institutes of Health; U.S. Food and Drug Administration 327 $aU.S. Patent and Trademark Office Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology; Primary Actor and Influencers in Approval of Medical Technologies; Primary Actors in Adoption of Medical Products; Physicians; Hospitals; Influencers of Providers; Summary: Context for Medical Product Innovation; Chapter Three: Methods; Literature Reviews; Technical Expert Panel; Expert Interviews; Case Studies; Policy Options; Chapter Four: Analysis; Lack of Basic Scientific Knowledge; Lack of an Adequate Knowledge Base Can Hinder Product Inventors 327 $aSources of Financial Support for Increasing Basic Scientific Knowledge Federal Funding Is Critical to Expanding the Basic Scientific Base; Case Study Summary: Haemophilus influenzae Type b (Hib) Vaccine; How Scientific Uncertainty Affects Medical Product Invention; Costs and Risks of FDA Approval; Could the FDA Ensure Safety with Quicker and Less Costly Processes?; Delays Entail Both Health and Financial Costs; Case Study Summary: A Cardiovascular Polypill; Unpredictability and Ineffective Communication Complicate the Approval Process; FDA Caution May Be a Root Cause of Regulatory Delay 327 $aCase Study Summary: Avastin for Metastatic Breast Cancer Regulatory Risk Figures Prominently in Investment and Invention Decisions; How Regulatory Uncertainty Affects Investment and Invention; Limited Rewards for Medical Products That Could Lower Spending; Many Patients and Providers Are Fairly Insensitive to Prices; Generous Health Insurance Tends to Reduce Consumers' Sensitivity to Price; Fee-for-Service Payment Also Tends to Reduce Price Sensitivity; Lack of Price Transparency Also Reduces Price Sensitivity; Medicare Is Not Allowed to Consider Costs in Coverage and Reimbursement Decisions 327 $aLimited Time Horizons and Fragmented Decision making Case Study Summary: Electronic Health Records; Inadequate Rewards for Products That Decrease Spending; Implications for Inventors and Investors; Treatment Creep; Case Study Summary: Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator; Manufacturers Can Promote Low-Value Use; Case Study Summary: Prostate-Specific Antigen; Defensive Medicine Is a Form of Treatment Creep; Off-Label Use of Medical Products Is Widespread, but Health Effects Are Unknown; It Is Difficult to Control Undesirable Instances of Off-Label Use 327 $aTreatment Creep Can Substantially Affect Incentives for Innovators 330 $aNew medical technologies are a leading driver of U.S. health care spending. This report identifies promising policy options to change which medical technologies are created, with two related policy goals: (1) Reduce total health care spending with the smallest possible loss of health benefits, and (2) ensure that new medical products that increase spending are accompanied by health benefits that are worth the spending increases. 606 $aMedical care$zUnited States 606 $aMedical care, Cost of$zUnited States 606 $aMedical innovations 615 0$aMedical care 615 0$aMedical care, Cost of 615 0$aMedical innovations. 676 $a362.10973 700 $aGarber$b Steven$f1950-$0910138 702 $aGarber$b Steven 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910220091803321 996 $aRedirecting innovation in U.S. health care$92885267 997 $aUNINA