LEADER 04668nam 2200649 a 450 001 9910220082003321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-281-18102-1 010 $a9786611181024 010 $a0-8330-4260-2 035 $a(CKB)1000000000481464 035 $a(EBL)322544 035 $a(OCoLC)476119976 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000271778 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11209967 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000271778 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10304557 035 $a(PQKB)10236894 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL322544 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10225466 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL4969983 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL118102 035 $a(OCoLC)1027144429 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC322544 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC4969983 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000481464 100 $a20070405d2007 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aWhy the Iraqi resistance to the coalition invasion was so weak /$fStephen T. Hosmer 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aSanta Monica, CA $cRand Corporation$d2007 215 $a1 online resource (177 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-8330-4016-2 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. [145]-152). 327 $aCover; Preface; Contents; Summary; Acknowledgments; Abbreviations; Chapter One - Introduction; The Weak Iraqi Resistance; The Iraqi Failure to Exploit More-Effective Defensive Options; Sources; Organization of the Monograph; Chapter Two - Saddam Made Strategic Miscalculations; Saddam Was the Only Decision maker Who Mattered; Saddam's Decision making Was Seriously Flawed; Saddam Had a Record of Strategic Blunders; Saddam Made Several Strategic Miscalculations in 2003; The Consequences of Saddam's Strategic Misjudgments 327 $aChapter Three - Saddam's Internal Security Concerns Weakened Iraqi Defenses Against External Attack Saddam's Personal Security Measures Were Extreme; Iraq's Forces Were Shaped to Forestall Coups, Uprisings; The Consequences of Saddam's Fixation on Internal Security; Chapter Four - Iraq's Military Strategy and Operations Were Poorly Designed and Executed; Saddam's Military Strategy Was Flawed; Iraqi Defensive Operations Were Poorly Managed and Executed; Iraqis Had to Operate with Reduced Inventories of Old Equipment; Chapter Five - Poor Motivation and Morale Decisively 327 $aPrewar Motivation and Morale Were Poor Most Iraqis Saw Defeat as Inevitable; Lack of Belief in the Justness and Necessity of the Cause; The Previous Barriers to Desertion Eroded; Air Attacks Had a Devastating Effect on the Iraqi Capability and Will to Fight; Why the Fedayeen Saddam, Ba'athist Militia, and Foreign Jihadists Were Motivated to Fight; The Effects of PSYOPS; The Effects of the Capture of Baghdad; Chapter Six - Superior Military Capabilities Gave Coalition Forces an Overwhelming Advantage; Iraqi Forces Could Not Withstand the Weight and Accuracy of Coalition Firepower 327 $aThe Coalition Could Attack Iraqi Forces at Standoff Distances and at Night Coalition Armor Dominated in the Ground Fighting; The Speed of U.S. Maneuvers Surprised and Demoralized the Iraqi Defenders; Chapter Seven - Concluding Observations; The Coalition's Success Was Achieved Rapidly and at a Low Cost; But Decision makers Should Be Careful About the Lessons They Draw from OIF; OIF Set the Stage for the Insurgency That Followed; How OIF May Influence the Behavior of the United States' Future Adversaries; Bibliography 330 $aCoalition forces in Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) were able to take down Saddam Hussein's regime in less than three weeks, at the cost of relatively few Coalition casualties. This monograph draws upon information derived primarily from interviews with and interrogations of senior Iraqi military and civilian officials to examine why the Iraqi resistance in March and April 2003 was so weak. The research focused on two questions: (1) Why did the Iraqi Regular Army and Republican Guard forces do so little fighting? and (2) Why did Iraqi leaders fail to adopt certain defensive measures that would h 606 $aIraq War, 2003-2011 607 $aIraq$xArmed Forces$xOperational readiness 607 $aIraq$xHistory$y1991-2003 615 0$aIraq War, 2003-2011. 676 $a956.7044/3409567 700 $aHosmer$b Stephen T$0910140 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910220082003321 996 $aWhy the Iraqi resistance to the coalition invasion was so weak$92455054 997 $aUNINA