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100   $a20080820d2008      uy             0
101 0 $aeng
135   $aur|n|---|||||
181   $ctxt
182   $cc
183   $acr
200 00$aUnconventional fossil-based fuels$b[electronic resource] $eeconomic and environmental trade-offs /$fMichael Toman ... [et al.]
210   $aSanta Monica, CA $cRAND Corporation$dc2008
215   $a1 online resource (97 p.)
300   $aDescription based upon print version of record.
311   $a0-8330-4564-4 
320   $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. 65-72).
327   $aCover; Preface; Contents; Figures; Tables; Summary; Acknowledgments; Abbreviations; CHAPTER ONE- Introduction; Background; Technical Approach; Organization of This Report; CHAPTER TWO- History and Context of Unconventional Fossil-Resource Development; Past U.S. Efforts to Promote Synfuels; Policy Drivers for Unconventional Fossil-Based Fuels: Greenhouse-Gas Emissions and Energy Security; CHAPTER THREE- Carbon Capture and Storage for Unconventional Fuels; Carbon-Dioxide Capture; Carbon-Dioxide Transport; Carbon-Dioxide Storage; CHAPTER FOUR- Oil Sands and Synthetic Crude Oil
327   $aOverview of the ResourceNorth American Oil Sands; Methods of Extracting and Upgrading Oil Sands; Potential Constraints on Oil-Sand Production; Carbon-Dioxide Production, Capture, and Storage; Unit Costs for Oil-Sand Production; CHAPTER FIVE- Coal-to-Liquids Production; The Coal Resource Base Relative to Coal-to-Liquids Production Needs; Liquid-Fuel Production via Indirect Liquefaction of Coal; Methanol-to-Gasoline; Potential Constraints on Production of Coal-to-Liquid Fuels; Carbon-Dioxide Production and Capture for Coal-to-Liquids; Potential Future Unit Production Costs for Coal-to-Liquids
327   $aCHAPTER SIX- Competitiveness of Unit Production Costs for Synthetic Crude Oiland Coal-to-LiquidsOil Sands; Coal to Liquids; Incorporating Energy-Security Costs; CHAPTER SEVEN- Conclusions; Synthesis of the Cost-Competitiveness Analysis; Broader Conclusions and Implications; References
330   $aRAND researchers assess potential future production levels and costs, greenhouse gases, and other environmental implications of fuels derived from oil sands and via coal liquefaction relative to conventional petroleum-based transportation fuels.
606   $aPetroleum engineering
606   $aHeavy oil
606   $aOil sands
606   $aCoal liquefaction
615  0$aPetroleum engineering.
615  0$aHeavy oil.
615  0$aOil sands.
615  0$aCoal liquefaction.
676   $a333.79
676   $a333.79/68
676   $a333.7968
701   $aToman$b Michael A$0734054
712 02$aRand Corporation.
801  0$bMiAaPQ
801  1$bMiAaPQ
801  2$bMiAaPQ
906   $aBOOK
912   $a9910220081103321
996   $aUnconventional fossil-based fuels$92870866
997   $aUNINA