LEADER 07632oam 22005293- 450 001 9910219993403321 005 20210210 010 $a91-88168-72-7 010 $a91-88168-73-5 024 7 $a10.21525/kriterium.7 035 $a(CKB)3800000000216766 035 $a(OAPEN)631938 035 $a(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/39510 035 $a(oapen)doab39510 035 $a(EXLCZ)993800000000216766 100 $a20170710d2016 uy 0 101 0 $aswe 135 $auuuuu---auuuu 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 00$aNaturvetarna, ingenjo?rerna och valfrihetens samha?lle: Rekrytering till teknik och naturvetenskap under svensk efterkrigstid 210 $aGothenburg, Sweden$cKriterium$d2016 215 $a1 online resource (260 p.) 311 08$a91-88168-27-1 330 $a"Scientists, engineers, and a free-choice society is a book about control, largely the governing of children and young people in Sweden and the efforts made to persuade them to choose careers-and identities-in science and technology in the period 1950-2000. It is very much part of an interdisciplinary research tradition in which perspectives taken from the history of science and education are combined with theories from the field of governmentality studies. The book begins by describing a new societal problem that confronted Sweden, like so many other Western countries, in the immediate post-war years, namely a lack of engineers and scientists. The period from the outbreak of the Second World War to the mid fifties saw a new appreciation for scientific research and its application in both the military and civilian sectors. With the reconstruction of Europe and the Marshall Plan at its height in the fifties, technology and science became gradually associated with rising industrial productivity and with economic growth in general. By the sixties this had left national employment policy with some markedly pronounced objectives. By the end of the decade, it was obvious that the determination to increase student numbers in science and engineering ran contrary to other political ambitions, and did not sit well with the right of the individual to freedom of choice in education. The attempt to respect people's autonomy while at the same time enabling more of them study these particular disciplines shaped a distinct set of strategies that made up the 'positive exercise of power'-what might also be called liberal governing-in which the main idea was to encourage students to come to science and engineering of their own free will. The book goes on to demonstrate how this strategy of governing through individual autonomy would result in a series of specific measures in the seventies and on, including changes to the curricula and teaching materials, which were matched by activities outside the traditional bounds of learning such as a travelling science shows, advertising campaigns, and the construction of science and technology centres. The book also spells out the sheer reach of this recruitment policy. Many leading figures in Sweden set out to encourage people to become scientists and engineers-these were voices heard not only from government quarters, but also from industry and special interest groups. Scientists, engineers and a free-choice society does not set out to answer the question of how best to set about attracting young people into science and technology; rather, it is concerned with how that question has been answered by others, and what impact their responses have had on power relations between society and the individual, and indeed on the place of science and engineering education in the present. 330 $aNaturvetarna, ingenjo?rerna och valfrihetens samha?lle handlar om styrning av framfo?rallt barn och ungdomar i Sverige till att va?lja naturvetenskap och teknik som utbildning, yrke och identitet mellan a?ren 1950-2000. A?mnesma?ssigt befinner sig texten i en tva?rvetenskaplig forskningstradition da?r perspektiv fra?n vetenskapshistoria och utbildningshistoria anva?nds tillsammans med teoretisk inspiration fra?n fa?ltet governmentality studies. I boken beskrivs inledningsvis framva?xten av en ny samha?llelig problembild i Sverige och o?vriga va?stva?rlden under tidig efterkrigstid, na?mligen bristen pa? ingenjo?rer och naturvetare. Den period som stra?ckte sig fra?n andra va?rldskriget krigets utbrott till 1950-­?talets mitt hade sett en ny va?rdering av vetenskaplig forskning och tilla?mpning, ba?de fra?n de milita?ra och civila delarna av samha?llet. I samband med a?teruppbyggnaden av Europa och den pa?ga?ende Marshallhja?lpen sammankopplades teknik och naturvetenskap alltmer med o?kad industriell produktivitet men ocksa? med ekonomisk tillva?xt. Ovansta?ende utveckling ledde under 1960-­?talet till att rekryteringspolitiska ma?lsa?ttningar uttalades allt starkare. I slutet av decenniet blev det uppenbart att viljan att ho?ja antalet studerande i teknik och naturvetenskap kom att kollidera med andra utbildningspolitiska ambitioner, framfo?rallt den om individens ra?tt till ett fritt val av utbildning. I fo?rso?ken att pa? samma ga?ng respektera detta sja?lvbesta?mmande och samtidigt skapa fler studerande inom de ovan na?mnda disciplinerna va?xte strategier fram i formen av ett slags "positiv maktuto?vning" - vad som ocksa? kallas liberalt styre - da?r den ba?rande ide?n var att fo?rma? elever att so?ka sig till naturvetenskap och teknik av sin egen fria vilja. Boken ger fortsa?ttningsvis prov pa? hur denna strategi att styra genom individens autonomi frambringade en rad olika specifika pa?verkanssa?tga?rder fra?n 1970-­?talet och frama?t. Bland dessa a?terfinns fo?ra?ndrade kursplaner och la?romedel, men ocksa? insatser utanfo?r den traditionella la?romiljo?n, sa?som kringresande vetenskapsshower, reklamkampanjer och uppfo?randet av teknik-­? och vetenskapscentra. Vad som ocksa? framtra?der i boken a?r rekryteringspolitikens bredd. Ma?nga akto?rer i samha?llet verkade fo?r fler naturvetare och ingenjo?rer - inte endast pa? myndighetsniva? utan a?ven inom na?ringsliv och bland enskilda intresseorganisationer. Naturvetarna, ingenjo?rerna och valfrihetens samha?lle ger inga svar inte pa? hur fler ungdomar skall fo?rma?s bli intresserade av naturvetenskap och teknik. Snarare handlar boken om hur den fra?gan besvarats av andra och vilka konsekvenser detta har fa?tt fo?r uppkomsten av nya maktrelationer mellan samha?lle och individ, men ocksa? fo?r de naturvetenskapliga och tekniska utbildningarnas positioner i samtiden." 517 $aNaturvetarna, ingenjörerna och valfrihetens samhälle 606 $aHistory of science$2bicssc 606 $aHistory$2bicssc 606 $aPolitical structure and processes$2bicssc 606 $aTeaching of a specific subject$2bicssc 606 $aTechnology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes$2bicssc 610 $aeducation policies 610 $afreedom of choice 610 $arecruitment 610 $avocational guidance 615 7$aHistory of science 615 7$aHistory 615 7$aPolitical structure and processes 615 7$aTeaching of a specific subject 615 7$aTechnology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes 700 $aLo?vheim$b Daniel$f1975-$01372155 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910219993403321 996 $aNaturvetarna, ingenjo?rerna och valfrihetens samha?lle$93402188 997 $aUNINA