LEADER 04349nam 22005774a 450 001 9910219979403321 005 20230721015817.0 010 $a0-8330-4937-2 035 $a(CKB)2670000000014545 035 $a(EBL)510400 035 $a(OCoLC)593351544 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000335111 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11255958 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000335111 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10271966 035 $a(PQKB)10089713 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC510400 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000014545 100 $a20090624d2009 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 14$aThe benefits to taxpayers from increases in students' educational attainment$b[electronic resource] /$fStephen J. Carroll, Emre Erkut 210 $aSanta Monica, CA $cRAND$d2009 215 $a1 online resource (143 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-8330-4742-6 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. 113-117). 327 $aCover; Preface; Contents; Figures; Tables; Summary; Acknowledgments; Abbreviations; CHAPTER ONE - Introduction; The Problem; Research Objective; Research Questions; Illustrative Examples; Previous Research; Definition of Terms; Organization of the Report; CHAPTER TWO - Analytic Approach; Independent Variables; Education and Earnings; Tax Payments; Social Program Participation and Costs; Incarceration Costs; Estimating the Effects of Increased Education; Transformations; Critical Assumptions; Putting the Results in Perspective; CHAPTER THREE - Payments for Taxes and Social Programs 327 $aTaxation MechanismsEducational Attainment and Earnings; Federal and State Tax Rates; The Effects of Increased Educational Attainment on Tax Payments; Related Studies; The Effects of Multilevel Increases in Educational Attainment on Tax Payments; Sensitivity Analysis; Summary; CHAPTER FOUR - Spending on Social Support Programs; Background; Analytic Approach; Effects of Educational Attainment on the Costs of Welfare Programs; Effects of Educational Attainment on the Costs of Food Stamps; Effects of Educational Attainment on Supplemental Security Income Spending 327 $aEffects of Educational Attainment on Medicaid SpendingEffects of Educational Attainment on Medicare Spending; Effects of Educational Attainment on the Costs of Unemployment Insurance; Effects of Educational Attainment on Social Security Spending; Effects of Educational Attainment on Spending on Social Programs; Sensitivity Analysis; Summary; CHAPTER FIVE - Educational Attainment and Spending on the Corrections System; Analytic Approach; The Effect of Educational Attainment on Crime Rates; Effects of Educational Attainment on Incarceration Costs; Sensitivity Analysis; Summary 327 $aCHAPTER SIX - The Costs of Providing Additional EducationCHAPTER SEVEN - Educational Attainment and Public Revenues and Costs; Effects of Increases in Education on the Public Budget; Net Benefits from Increased Educational Attainment; The Effects of Increased Educational Attainment: An Example; Sensitivity Analysis; Putting the Estimates in Perspective; Summary; APPENDIX A - Data and Sources; APPENDIX B - Estimating Tax Payments; APPENDIX C - Social Program Participation and Costs; APPENDIX D - Incarceration Cost Estimations; References 330 $aIncreases in educational attainment benefit the public because more highly educated people tend to pay more in taxes, are less likely to use social support programs, and are less likely to commit crimes. This volume examines the monetary value of these benefits over an individual's lifetime and how they vary with education level. 606 $aPublic schools$zUnited States$xFinance 606 $aEducation$zUnited States$xFinance 606 $aIncome tax$zUnited States 615 0$aPublic schools$xFinance. 615 0$aEducation$xFinance. 615 0$aIncome tax 676 $a379.1/10973 700 $aCarroll$b Stephen J.$f1940-$0924070 701 $aErkut$b Emre$01236039 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910219979403321 996 $aThe benefits to taxpayers from increases in students' educational attainment$92870408 997 $aUNINA