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101 0 $aeng
181   $ctxt
182   $cc
183   $acr
200 10$aShadow Economies Around the World : $eSize, Causes, and Consequences /$fFriedrich Schneider, Dominik Enste
210  1$aWashington, D.C. :$cInternational Monetary Fund,$d2000.
215   $a1 online resource (56 pages)
225 1 $aIMF Working Papers
300   $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
311   $a1-4518-4437-9 
330 3 $aThis paper presents estimates of the size of the shadow economy in 76 developing, transition, and OECD countries, which are derived by combining figures from different estimation methods. We describe and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the different estimation methods. We find that the growth of the shadow economy?which is now remarkably large in the 76 countries?is strongly related to increasing burdens of taxation and social security contributions, as well as to the extent of state regulatory activities. Rising corruption also has a clearly positive impact on the growth of the shadow economy.
410  0$aIMF Working Papers; Working Paper ;$vNo. 2000/026
606   $aMacroeconomics$2imf
606   $aMoney and Monetary Policy$2imf
606   $aTaxation$2imf
606   $aEconomics: General$2imf
606   $aInformal Economy$2imf
606   $aUnderground Econom$2imf
606   $aTaxation, Subsidies, and Revenue: General$2imf
606   $aMonetary Systems$2imf
606   $aStandards$2imf
606   $aRegimes$2imf
606   $aGovernment and the Monetary System$2imf
606   $aPayment Systems$2imf
606   $aLabor Economics: General$2imf
606   $aEconomics of specific sectors$2imf
606   $aPublic finance & taxation$2imf
606   $aMonetary economics$2imf
606   $aLabour$2imf
606   $aincome economics$2imf
606   $aInformal economy$2imf
606   $aCurrencies$2imf
606   $aLabor$2imf
606   $aTax incidence$2imf
606   $aMarginal effective tax rate$2imf
606   $aInformal sector$2imf
606   $aEconomics$2imf
606   $aTax administration and procedure$2imf
606   $aMoney$2imf
606   $aLabor economics$2imf
606   $aIncome economics$2imf
607   $aUnited States$2imf
615  7$aMacroeconomics
615  7$aMoney and Monetary Policy
615  7$aTaxation
615  7$aEconomics: General
615  7$aInformal Economy
615  7$aUnderground Econom
615  7$aTaxation, Subsidies, and Revenue: General
615  7$aMonetary Systems
615  7$aStandards
615  7$aRegimes
615  7$aGovernment and the Monetary System
615  7$aPayment Systems
615  7$aLabor Economics: General
615  7$aEconomics of specific sectors
615  7$aPublic finance & taxation
615  7$aMonetary economics
615  7$aLabour
615  7$aincome economics
615  7$aInformal economy
615  7$aCurrencies
615  7$aLabor
615  7$aTax incidence
615  7$aMarginal effective tax rate
615  7$aInformal sector
615  7$aEconomics
615  7$aTax administration and procedure
615  7$aMoney
615  7$aLabor economics
615  7$aIncome economics
700   $aSchneider$b Friedrich$0241913
701   $aEnste$b Dominik$0630274
801  0$bDcWaIMF
906   $aBOOK
912   $a9910219908903321
996   $aShadow Economies Around the World$93654741
997   $aUNINA