LEADER 05353 am 22006733u 450 001 9910169179503321 005 20210317175441.0 010 $a3-7370-0168-5 010 $a3-8470-0168-X 035 $a(CKB)3710000000058145 035 $a(EBL)1543278 035 $a(OCoLC)862614192 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001111159 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11731255 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001111159 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11130672 035 $a(PQKB)10643936 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1543278 035 $a(OCoLC)863041948 035 $a(ScCtBLL)e52be395-e91d-44ec-84d0-cecd0a9ab44e 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000058145 100 $a20131209h20132013 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aEscaping poverty $ethe origins of modern economic growth /$fPeer Vries 210 1$aGo?ttingen :$cV&R Unipress,$d[2013] 210 4$dİ2013 215 $a1 online resource (516 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a3-8471-0168-4 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and indexes. 327 $aTitle Page; Copyright; Table of Contents; Body; Introduction; 1. The emergence and non-emergence of modern economic growth; 2. Taking off and falling (further) behind; 3. Two case studies: Great Britain and China in the very long eighteenth century; 4. Continuity and change, inevitability and contingency; 5. Old cliche?s about Asia''s economic past that are no longer tenable; 6. Income, growth and wealth: problems of measurement; 7. Industrial Revolution and Great Divergence; 8. Malthusian constraints, premodern growth and modern growth; Part one: Economists and theories of economic growth 327 $a1. Introduction2. Land, resources, geography; 3. Labour: the effect of quantities; 4. Labour quality: human capital; 5. Consumption; 6. Capital and capital accumulation; 7. Specialisation and exchange; 8. Innovation; 9. Institutions: property rights, markets and states; 10. Culture and economic growth; Part two: Actual explanations of the Great Divergence; 1. The Great Divergence and geography; 2. Geography, factor endowments and institutions; 3. Geography and institutions: Britain and China, wheat versus rice; 4. Geography: town versus countryside, urbanising Great Britain and rural China 327 $a5. Labour: scarcity and abundance6. Factor endowments: labour-saving Britain versus labour-absorbing China; 7. High wages and low wages: stimuli and traps?; 8. Labour-extensive and labour-intensive routes to growth?; 9. Human capital: labour and its skills; 10. Human capital: labour and discipline; 11. Consumption; 12. Accumulation, income and wealth; 13. Primitive accumulation: bullion and slaves; 14. Intercontinental trade; 15. Globalisation and Great Divergence: How the Third World came into existence; 16. Ghost acreages 327 $a17. Innovation provides the key rather than accumulation or ghost acreage18. Innovation: technology and science; 19. A seriously underestimated factor: enhanced productivity because of institutional and organisational innovation; 20. Ultimate causes: institutions; 21. Markets and property rights; 22. Institutions: markets and varieties of pre-industrial capitalism; 23. Wage labour and world-system: Why it does not make sense to call Qing China capitalist and why capitalism''s origins should be considered uniquely Western; 24. Markets: sizes and characteristics 327 $a25. The institution of institutions: The role of the state, in particular that of Britain26. Was industrialising Britain a developmental state?; 27. The European state system and the development of civil society: the non-monopolisation of the sources of social power; 28. Culture and growth: Western cultural exceptionalism and how to measure it; 29. Culture does make a difference. But how can one convincingly prove that?; Why not China?; A world of striking differences; Concluding comments; 1. Geography; 2. Labour and consumption; 3. Accumulation; 4. Specialisation and exchange; 5. Innovation 327 $a6. Institutions: markets, property rights and states 330 $aOne of the biggest debates in economic history deals with the Great Divergence. How can we explain that at a certain moment in time (the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries) a certain part of the world (the West) escaped from general poverty and became much richer than it had ever been before and than the rest of the world? Many prominent scholars discussed this question and came up with many different answers. This book provides a systematic analysis of the most important of those answers by means of an analysis of possible explanations in terms of natural resources, labour, capital, the divi 606 $aPoverty 606 $aPoverty$zChina 606 $aPoverty$zGreat Britain 607 $aChina$xEconomic conditions$y20th century 607 $aGreat Britain$xEconomic conditions$y20th century 615 0$aPoverty. 615 0$aPoverty 615 0$aPoverty 676 $a339.4 676 $a339.46 700 $aVries$b P. H. H$0997037 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910169179503321 996 $aEscaping poverty$92286415 997 $aUNINA