LEADER 03475nam 2200481 450 001 9910163944903321 005 20230808200620.0 010 $a1-5416-9866-5 035 $a(CKB)3710000000959885 035 $a(CaONFJC)cis034546140 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC4786047 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC5368995 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000959885 100 $a20180518d2016 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $2rdacontent 182 $2rdamedia 183 $2rdacarrier 200 10$aToussaint Louverture $ea revolutionary life /$fPhilippe Girard 205 $aFirst edition. 210 1$aNew York :$cBasic Books,$d[2016] 215 $a1 online resource (254 pages) $cillustrations 311 $a0-465-09413-9 311 $a0-465-09414-7 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aAristocrat (c. 1740) -- Child (c. 1743-1754) -- Slave -- Revolutionary apprentice (1757-1773) -- Family man (1761-1782) -- Freedman (c. 1772-1779) -- Slave driver (1779-1781) -- Muleteer (1781-1789) -- Witness (1788-1791) -- Rebel -- Monarchist -- Spanish officer (1793-1794) -- French patriot (1794-1796) -- Politician (1796-1798) -- Diplomat (1798-1800) -- Planter (1800-1801) -- Governor general (early 1801) -- God? (late 1801) -- Renegade (early 1802) -- Prisoner (1802-1803) -- Icon (1803-present). 330 0 $a"Toussaint Louverture's life was one of hardship, triumph, and contradiction. It began on Saint-Domingue, the richest colony in the Western Hemisphere, where he witnessed first-hand the torture of the enslaved population. Yet he managed to earn his freedom and establish himself as a small-scale planter. He even purchased slaves of his own. In Toussaint Louverture, Philippe Girard tells the incredible tale of how Louverture transformed himself from lowly freedman to revolutionary hero. Working as a coachman for his wealthy, white owners, Louverture traveled across Saint-Domingue, building a network among slaves and free blacks that would form the basis of the slave revolt he engineered in 1791. What followed was a decade of unprecedented bloodletting: about 200,000 people in the colony of Saint-Domingue were killed in battle or murdered. By 1801, Louverture was general and governor of the colony, now called Haiti. But his lifelong quest to be accepted as a member of the French colonial elite ended in despair: in 1802, on Napoleon's orders, he was exiled to France, where he spent the last year of his life in a prison cell. Ten years in the making, Toussaint Louverture is based on extensive archival research in France, Britain, Spain, the United States, and the Caribbean. The book contains many revelations about Louverture's life, from a previously unknown first marriage to the circumstances of his manumission, his exact role in the outbreak of the 1791 Haitian slave revolt, his actions as governor of France's richest colony, and the tragic nature of his death."--Provided by publisher. 606 $aRevolutionaries$zHaiti$vBiography 606 $aGenerals$zHaiti$vBiography 607 $aHaiti$xHistory$yRevolution, 1791-1804$vBiography 615 0$aRevolutionaries 615 0$aGenerals 676 $a972.94/03092 676 $aB 700 $aGirard$b Philippe R.$01246560 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910163944903321 996 $aToussaint Louverture$92890276 997 $aUNINA