LEADER 05856nam 22007092 450 001 9910464935003321 005 20151005020622.0 010 $a1-316-09073-6 010 $a1-107-25041-2 010 $a1-107-25124-9 010 $a1-139-54100-5 010 $a1-107-24792-6 010 $a1-107-24875-2 010 $a1-107-24958-9 010 $a1-107-03479-5 035 $a(CKB)3460000000128926 035 $a(EBL)1357361 035 $a(OCoLC)858762157 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000890234 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11932419 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000890234 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10884055 035 $a(PQKB)11046112 035 $a(UkCbUP)CR9781139541008 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1357361 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1357361 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10729890 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL506165 035 $a(OCoLC)852158312 035 $a(EXLCZ)993460000000128926 100 $a20141103d2013|||| uy| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur||||||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aGranular media $ebetween fluid and solid /$fBruno Andreotti, Yoe?l Forterre, Olivier Pouliquen$b[electronic resource] 210 1$aCambridge :$cCambridge University Press,$d2013. 215 $a1 online resource (viii, 462 pages) $cdigital, PDF file(s) 300 $aTitle from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015). 311 $a1-299-74914-3 311 $a1-107-24173-1 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $a""Contents""; ""Foreword""; ""1 Introduction""; ""1.1 Definition and examples of granular media""; ""1.2 Between solid and liquid: what makes granular matter so difficult to describe?""; ""1.3 A sketch of the book""; ""2 Interactions at the grain level""; ""2.1 Solid contact forces""; ""2.1.1 Elastic contact: the Hertz law""; ""2.1.2 Solid friction""; ""2.1.3 Collision between two particles""; ""2.2 Cohesion forces""; ""2.2.1 Electrostatic effects""; ""2.2.2 Adhesion""; ""2.2.3 Capillary cohesion""; ""2.2.4 Real surfaces and the role of rugosity""; ""2.2.5 Solid bridges"" 327 $a""2.3 Forces in a flow""""2.3.1 The force on a grain in a uniform and steady flow""; ""2.3.2 Force in unsteady and inhomogeneous flows""; ""2.3.3 Hydrodynamic forces between grains: lubrication""; ""3 The granular solid: statics and elasticity""; ""3.1 Granular packings""; ""3.1.1 Volume fraction ""; ""3.1.2 Monodisperse packings of spheres ""; ""3.1.3 Packings of spheres of different sizes""; ""3.1.4 Compaction ""; ""3.2 Forces in a granular packing""; ""3.2.1 The role of friction and isostaticity""; ""3.2.2 Force distribution""; ""3.3 From forces to stresses"" 327 $a""3.3.1 Definition of stresses in a granular medium""""3.4 Stress distribution in static configurations""; ""3.4.1 Stress distribution in a silo: Janssen's model""; ""3.4.2 Stresses under a sand pile""; ""3.5 Elasticity""; ""3.5.1 Elasticity of a one-dimensional chain of beads""; ""3.5.2 Elastic moduli of a granular packing""; ""3.5.3 The constitutive relation""; ""3.5.4 Acoustics in granular media ""; ""4 The granular solid: plasticity""; ""4.1 Phenomenology""; ""4.1.1 The sand pile""; ""4.1.2 The shear cell""; ""4.1.3 The triaxial test"" 327 $a""4.2 The different levels of description: a scalar approach""""4.2.1 The first level of description: a frictional medium""; ""4.2.2 The second level of description: taking into account variationsin the volume fraction""; ""4.2.3 Towards more refined descriptions""; ""4.3 The Mohr-Coulomb model""; ""4.3.1 The yield criterion""; ""4.3.2 Applications of the Mohr-Coulomb criterion""; ""4.3.3 Generalization in three dimensions: the yield surface""; ""4.3.4 Plastic deformations""; ""4.3.5 Conclusions about the Mohr-Coulomb/Drucker-Prager model"" 327 $a""4.4 The role of the volume fraction: critical-state theory""""4.4.1 The Drucker-Prager model with dilatancy""; ""4.4.2 The Cam-clay model""; ""4.5 Towards a more refined description of the plasticity""; ""4.5.1 Taking into account elasticity""; ""4.5.2 Towards more complex loading paths""; ""4.5.3 Localization phenomena""; ""4.5.4 Towards granular flows""; ""4.6 Plasticity of cohesive materials""; ""4.6.1 The phenomenology of cohesive granular media""; ""4.6.2 The cohesive Mohr-Coulomb model""; ""4.6.3 The relation between macroscopic and microscopic cohesion""; ""5 Granular gases"" 327 $a""5.1 Analogies and differences with a molecular gas"" 330 $aSand, rice, sugar, snow, cement... Although ubiquitous in our daily lives, granular media still challenge engineers and fascinate researchers. This book provides the state-of-the-art of the physics of granular media and recent advances in the field. The book presents the fundamental properties of granular materials: interactions between grains; solid, liquid and gaseous behaviours; coupling with a fluid; and sediment transport and formation of geological structures. Descriptions of the phenomena combine qualitative and formal arguments, coming from areas as diverse as elasticity, plasticity, statistical physics, fluid mechanics and geomorphology. Many examples of the astonishing behaviours of granular media are presented, including avalanches, segregation, dune song and quicksand. This book is ideal for graduate students and researchers in physics, applied mathematics and engineering. 606 $aGranular materials$xFluid dynamics 615 0$aGranular materials$xFluid dynamics. 676 $a620/.43 700 $aAndreotti$b B.$0853619 702 $aForterre$b Yoe?l$f1973- 702 $aPouliquen$b Olivier 801 0$bUkCbUP 801 1$bUkCbUP 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910464935003321 996 $aGranular media$91905965 997 $aUNINA LEADER 01170nam0 22002771i 450 001 UON00462552 005 20231205105130.600 100 $a20151217d1962 |0itac50 ba 101 $afre 102 $aFR 105 $a|||| ||||| 200 1 $aˆL'‰ile$fRobert Merle 210 $aParis$cGallimard$d1962 215 $a681 p.$d17 cm. 316 $aValore stimato$5IT-UONSI Francese1 L.P.MERL/1 316 $aValore stimato$5IT-UONSI Francese1 L.P.MERL/1 bis 410 1$1001UON00343600$12001 $aˆLe ‰Livre de poche$1210 $aParis$cÉditions Gallimard.$v1319-1321 620 $aFR$dParis$3UONL002984 700 1$aMERLE$bRobert$3UONV186704$0244094 712 $aGallimard$3UONV246610$4650 801 $aIT$bSOL$c20240220$gRICA 912 $aUON00462552 950 $aSIBA - SISTEMA BIBLIOTECARIO DI ATENEO$dSI Francese 1 L.P. 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MERL 1 bis $eSI SFR2441 7 1 bis Valore stimato 996 $aIle$9950029 997 $aUNIOR LEADER 04304oam 22010334 450 001 9910154899303321 005 20250426110107.0 010 $a9781475545593 010 $a1475545592 010 $a9781475545609 010 $a1475545606 035 $a(CKB)4340000000018104 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC4745302 035 $a(IMF)WPIEA2016205 035 $aWPIEA2016205 035 $a(EXLCZ)994340000000018104 100 $a20020129d2016 uf 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $2rdacontent 182 $2rdamedia 183 $2rdacarrier 200 10$aSurprise, Surprise : $eWhat Drives the Rand / U.S. Dollar Exchange Rate Volatility? /$fNasha Maveé, Roberto Perrelli, Axel Schimmelpfennig 210 1$aWashington, D.C. :$cInternational Monetary Fund,$d2016. 215 $a1 online resource (39 pages) $cillustrations, tables, graphs 225 1 $aIMF Working Papers 311 08$a9781475545425 311 08$a1475545428 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 330 3 $aThis paper investigates possible drivers of volatility in the South African rand since the onset of the global financial crisis. We assess the role played by local and international economic surprises, commodity price volatility, global market risk perceptions, and local political uncertainty. As a measure of rand volatility, the study uses a market-based implied volatility indicator for the rand / U.S. dollar exchange rate. Economic surprises?the difference between market expectations and data prints?are captured by Citi?s Economic Surprise Index which is available for South Africa and its main economic partners. The results suggest that rand volatility is mainly driven by commodity price volatility, and global market volatility, as well as domestic political uncertainty. In addition, economic surprises originating in the United States matter, but not those originating from South Africa, Europe, or China. 410 0$aIMF Working Papers; Working Paper ;$vNo. 2016/205 606 $aDollar, American 606 $aForeign exchange rates$zSouth Africa 606 $aMoney$zSouth Africa 606 $aFinance: General$2imf 606 $aForeign Exchange$2imf 606 $aInflation$2imf 606 $aMacroeconomics$2imf 606 $aInternational Finance Forecasting and Simulation$2imf 606 $aInternational Financial Markets$2imf 606 $aFinancial Forecasting and Simulation$2imf 606 $aCommodity Markets$2imf 606 $aPrice Level$2imf 606 $aDeflation$2imf 606 $aGeneral Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data)$2imf 606 $aCurrency$2imf 606 $aForeign exchange$2imf 606 $aFinance$2imf 606 $aExchange rates$2imf 606 $aCommodity price fluctuations$2imf 606 $aEmerging and frontier financial markets$2imf 606 $aExchange rate flexibility$2imf 606 $aPrices$2imf 606 $aFinancial markets$2imf 606 $aFinancial services industry$2imf 607 $aSouth Africa$2imf 615 0$aDollar, American. 615 0$aForeign exchange rates 615 0$aMoney 615 7$aFinance: General 615 7$aForeign Exchange 615 7$aInflation 615 7$aMacroeconomics 615 7$aInternational Finance Forecasting and Simulation 615 7$aInternational Financial Markets 615 7$aFinancial Forecasting and Simulation 615 7$aCommodity Markets 615 7$aPrice Level 615 7$aDeflation 615 7$aGeneral Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) 615 7$aCurrency 615 7$aForeign exchange 615 7$aFinance 615 7$aExchange rates 615 7$aCommodity price fluctuations 615 7$aEmerging and frontier financial markets 615 7$aExchange rate flexibility 615 7$aPrices 615 7$aFinancial markets 615 7$aFinancial services industry 676 $a332.4973 700 $aMaveé$b Nasha$01378329 701 $aPerrelli$b Roberto$01141566 701 $aSchimmelpfennig$b Axel$01190900 801 0$bDcWaIMF 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910154899303321 996 $aSurprise, Surprise$93649999 997 $aUNINA