LEADER 11493nam 2200673 450 001 9910154773303321 005 20230807210111.0 010 $a1-4082-8308-5 035 $a(CKB)2670000000607142 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001496249 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12629805 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001496249 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11485904 035 $a(PQKB)11134644 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC5186101 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC5187733 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC5834423 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC5483072 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC6399347 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL5483072 035 $a(OCoLC)965522104 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000607142 100 $a20210331d2015 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aDavies, Croall and Tyrer's Criminal justice /$fMalcolm Davies 205 $aFifth edition. 210 1$aHarlow, England :$cPearson,$d[2015] 210 4$dİ2015 215 $a1 online resource (608 pages) $cillustrations (some color) 225 1 $aAlways Learning 300 $aRevision of the author's Criminal justice. 311 $a1-4082-8305-0 311 $a1-336-28672-5 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aCover -- Contents -- Preface -- List of figures -- List of tables -- Chronology of key dates in the development of criminal justice in England and Wales -- Author's acknowledgement -- Publisher's acknowledgement -- Table of cases -- Part A INTRODUCTION TO CRIMINAL JUSTICE -- 1 What is criminal justice? -- Introduction -- 1.1 Criminal justice in England and Wales -- Agencies -- Civil society and the private sector -- Expansion of the criminal justice system personnel -- 1.2 Criminal justice defined: functions and form -- Content of the criminal law: what is penalised? -- Form and process: criminal procedure and criminal justice agencies -- Functions and aims of the criminal justice system -- Mode and distribution of punishment -- Agency-specific functions -- 1.3 Principles of criminal justice -- Adversarial justice -- Rule of law -- 1.4 Systems approach and criminal justice sub-systems -- Flow charts of the criminal justice system -- 1.5 Paradigms and models of criminal justice -- Models of criminal justice -- 1.6 Recent legislation and policy developments -- Criminal Justice Act 1991 -- Criminal Justice Act 1993 -- Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 -- Crime and Disorder Act 1998 -- Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act 1999 -- Criminal Justice and Courts Services Act 2000 -- Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001 -- Criminal Justice and Police Act 2001 -- Police Reform Act 2002 -- Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 -- Crime (International Cooperation) Act 2003 -- Anti-Social Behaviour Act 2003 -- Criminal Justice Act 2003 -- Constitutional Reform Act 2005 -- Prevention of Terrorism Act 2005 -- Police and Justice Act 2006 -- Serious Crime Act 2007 -- Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008 -- Policing and Crime Act 2009 -- Coroners and Justice Act 2009 -- Crime and Security Act 2010. 327 $aTerrorism Prevention and Investigation Measures Act 2011 -- Police Reform and Social Responsibility Act 2011 -- Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012 -- Crime and Courts Act 2013 -- Justice and Security Act 2013 -- Offender Rehabilitation Act 2014 -- Conclusion -- Review question -- Discussion questions -- Further reading -- Weblinks -- 2 What is crime? -- Introduction -- 2.1 Defining crime -- Three aspects of the concept of crime -- Legal liability and the elements of a crime -- Criminal defences -- Sentencing mitigation -- 2.2 Legal categories of criminal offences -- Classification of offences: summary and indictable -- 2.3 Measuring crime -- Government statistics on crime -- Crime Survey for England and Wales (previously the British Crime Survey) -- 2.4 Crime trends -- 2.5 Types of offence -- Violent crime -- Sexual offences -- Property crime -- Organised and white-collar crime -- Offenders -- Conclusion -- Review questions -- Discussion questions -- Further reading -- Weblinks -- 3 Victims and the impact of crime -- Introduction -- 3.1 The cost and impact of crime -- 3.2 Who are the victims of crime? -- Geographical area -- Lifestyle -- Socio-economic status -- Gender -- Age -- Race and ethnicity -- 3.3 The rediscovery of the victim -- Victims' needs -- 3.4 Compensating victims -- State compensation -- Victim surcharge -- Compensation orders -- 3.5 Victim support -- 3.6 Victims and criminal justice -- Reporting crime and the role of the police -- Victims in court -- Victims and sentencing -- Mediation and restorative justice -- Conclusion -- Review questions -- Discussion questions -- Further reading -- Weblinks -- 4 Governmental, political and administrative context of criminal justice in England and Wales -- Introduction -- 4.1 Law and policy making -- Who makes crime policy?. 327 $aParliament and the Select Committee on Home Affairs -- 4.2 Government and administration -- Home Office -- Home Secretary -- Department for Constitutional Affairs (2003-2007) -- Ministry of Justice -- 4.3 Political context -- Politics -- New Labour and criminal justice reforms - a plethora of change -- 2010 General Election - the Coalition Government -- The Riots of 2011 -- Pressure and interest groups -- Media -- 4.4 'Globalisation': cross-jurisdictional and international responses to crime -- Global terrorism and the dilemma of the Coalition Government -- International cooperation -- 4.5 European influences on criminal justice policy -- 4.6 Implementing criminal justice policy -- Coordinating criminal justice -- Lay participation -- Under new management: privatisation and agency status -- Management and administration of the courts -- 4.7 Monitoring, accountability and complaints -- Key performance indicators: police -- Key performance indicators: the criminal courts -- Her Majesty's Inspectors -- Complaints: Prisons and Probation Ombudsman -- Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC) -- Conclusion -- Review questions -- Discussion questions -- Further reading -- Weblinks -- 5 Crime prevention and reduction -- Introduction -- 5.1 What is crime prevention? -- 5.2 The theoretical basis of crime prevention -- 5.3 The growth of crime prevention -- Crime and Disorder Reduction Partnerships/Community Safety Partnerships -- Safer Neighbourhoods -- 5.4 CCTV -- 5.5 Situational and social crime prevention -- Situational crime prevention -- Social crime prevention -- 5.6 Broken windows, zero tolerance policing and anti-social behaviour -- 5.7 Issues in crime prevention -- Conclusion -- Review questions -- Discussion questions -- Further reading -- Weblinks -- Part B CRIMINAL JUSTICE PROCESS: LAW ENFORCEMENT -- 6 The police -- Introduction. 327 $a6.1 The role and development of policing -- Development of policing -- 6.2 Organisation and accountability -- To whom are the police accountable? -- Legal accountability -- 6.3 Police powers and the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 -- PACE Code A: Powers to stop and search -- PACE Code B - Powers to search property -- PACE Code C: Detention and interview -- PACE Code D: Identification -- PACE Codes E and F: Recording of interviews with suspects -- PACE Code G: Arrest -- PACE Code H: Matters relating to terrorism suspects -- 6.4 Police work -- Investigating crime and new technologies -- Community policing -- 6.5 Front-line definers of crime: police discretion -- The decision to stop and search -- Discretion in the police station -- Police culture -- Police and ethnic minority communities -- Conclusion -- Review questions -- Discussion questions -- Further reading -- Weblinks -- 7 Prosecution, caution and diversion -- Introduction -- 7.1 Fixed penalties (FPN and PND) -- 7.2 Cautioning -- Cautioning and young offenders -- 7.3 Prosecution -- The Crown Prosecution Service -- The organisation and functions of the Crown Prosecution Service -- 7.4 The Code for Crown Prosecutors -- Evidential test -- Public interest test -- The work of the Crown Prosecution Service -- 7.5 Private prosecutions and other prosecuting agencies -- Prosecution by regulatory agencies -- 7.6 Mentally disordered offenders -- Responsibility for the offence -- Police and the mentally disordered -- Orders available to the courts for mentally disordered offenders -- De-institutionalisation and care in the community -- Community care and public safety -- Conclusion -- Review questions -- Discussion questions -- Further reading -- Weblinks -- 8 Youth justice -- Introduction -- 8.1 Youth and crime -- Young people's involvement in crime -- 8.2 Youth justice system. 327 $aSpecial provision for youths -- Diversion -- The Crime and Disorder Act 1998 -- Youth Courts -- Sentencing young offenders -- Conclusion -- Review questions -- Discussion questions -- Further reading -- Part C CRIMINAL JUSTICE PROCESS: CRIMINAL COURTS -- 9 Criminal courts, judiciary and pre-trial procedure -- Introduction -- 9.1 Magistrates' courts -- 9.2 Crown Court -- The jurisdiction of magistrates' courts and the Crown Court -- Classification of offences: summary and indictable -- The Coroners' Court -- 9.3 Judiciary -- 9.4 Summons, bail and remands in custody -- Bail -- Remands in custody -- 9.5 Indications of plea and allocation decisions -- 9.6 Plea and case management hearings -- Conclusion -- Review questions -- Discussion questions -- Further reading -- Weblinks -- 10 The trial and establishing guilt -- Introduction -- 10.1 Adversarial justice: the burden and standard of proof -- 10.2 Role of the trial -- 10.3 Juries -- 10.4 Rights of the defendant in court -- 10.5 Protecting witness identity -- 10.6 Evidence -- Presentation of evidence -- 10.7 Appeals system -- 10.8 Criminal Cases Review Commission (CCRC) -- Conclusion -- Review questions -- Discussion questions -- Further reading -- Weblinks -- Part D CRIMINAL JUSTICE PROCESS: PENAL SYSTEM -- 11 Sentencing aims and process -- Introduction -- 11.1 Aims of sentencing -- Retribution -- Incapacitation and public protection -- Rehabilitation -- Deterrence -- Denunciation -- Restitution or reparation -- 11.2 Types of sentence -- Distribution of sentences -- Discharges -- Financial penalties -- Community sentences -- Custodial sentences -- Enforcement of sentences -- 11.3 Sentencing procedure -- 11.4 Factors influencing sentencing decisions -- Race and sentencing -- Sentencing women -- Socio-economic status -- 11.5 Structuring sentencing decisions -- Sentencing Council -- Conclusion. 327 $aReview questions. 330 $a The 5th edition continues to provide a comprehensive introduction to all aspects of the Criminal Justice system. Fully up to date, it combines a description of the major agencies involved in the control of crime and the pursuit of justice with an introduction to criminal justice theory and key concepts in English criminal law. 410 0$aAlways learning. 606 $aCriminal justice, Administration of$zEngland 615 0$aCriminal justice, Administration of 676 $a364.942 700 $aDavies$b Malcolm$f1946-$01243578 702 $aCroall$b Hazel$f1947- 702 $aTyrer$b Jane$f1951- 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910154773303321 996 $aDavies, Croall and Tyrer's Criminal justice$92920763 997 $aUNINA LEADER 04004nam 22005655 450 001 9910484898003321 005 20250318140741.0 010 $a9783030696412 010 $a3030696413 024 7 $a10.1007/978-3-030-69641-2 035 $a(CKB)4100000011891447 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC6552123 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL6552123 035 $a(OCoLC)1246445644 035 $a(PPN)255290020 035 $a(DE-He213)978-3-030-69641-2 035 $a(EXLCZ)994100000011891447 100 $a20210415d2021 u| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aStatistical Design and Analysis of Biological Experiments /$fby Hans-Michael Kaltenbach 205 $a1st ed. 2021. 210 1$aCham :$cSpringer International Publishing :$cImprint: Springer,$d2021. 215 $a1 online resource (281 pages) 225 1 $aStatistics for Biology and Health,$x2197-5671 311 08$a9783030696405 311 08$a3030696405 327 $aPrinciples of Experimental Design -- Review of Statistical Concepts -- Planning for Precision and Power -- Comparing More than Two Groups -- Comparing Treatment Groups with Linear Contrasts -- Multiple Treatment Factors: Factorial Designs -- Improving Precision and Power: Blocked Designs -- Split-Unit Designs -- Many Treatment Factors: Fractional Factorial Designs -- Experimental Optimization with Response Surface Methods -- References -- Index. 330 $aThis richly illustrated book provides an overview of the design and analysis of experiments with a focus on non-clinical experiments in the life sciences, including animal research. It covers the most common aspects of experimental design such as handling multiple treatment factors and improving precision. In addition, it addresses experiments with large numbers of treatment factors and response surface methods for optimizing experimental conditions or biotechnological yields. The book emphasizes the estimation of effect sizes and the principled use of statistical arguments in the broader scientific context. It gradually transitions from classical analysis of variance to modern linear mixed models, and provides detailed information on power analysis and sample size determination, including ?portable power? formulas for making quick approximate calculations. In turn, detailed discussions of several real-life examples illustrate the complexities and aberrations that can arise in practice. Chiefly intended for students, teachers and researchers in the fields of experimental biology and biomedicine, the book is largely self-contained and starts with the necessary background on basic statistical concepts. The underlying ideas and necessary mathematics are gradually introduced in increasingly complex variants of a single example. Hasse diagrams serve as a powerful method for visualizing and comparing experimental designs and deriving appropriate models for their analysis. Manual calculations are provided for early examples, allowing the reader to follow the analyses in detail. More complex calculations rely on the statistical software R, but are easily transferable to other software. Though there are few prerequisites for effectively using the book, previous exposure to basic statistical ideas and the software R would be advisable. 410 0$aStatistics for Biology and Health,$x2197-5671 606 $aStatistics 606 $aBioinformatics 606 $aStatistical Theory and Methods 606 $aBioinformatics 615 0$aStatistics. 615 0$aBioinformatics. 615 14$aStatistical Theory and Methods. 615 24$aBioinformatics. 676 $a001.434 700 $aKaltenbach$b Hans-Michael$0852023 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910484898003321 996 $aStatistical design and analysis of biological experiments$91902420 997 $aUNINA