LEADER 04212nam 2200625 450 001 9910150243703321 005 20210209214938.0 010 $a1-283-17326-3 010 $a9786613173263 010 $a0-273-73469-5 035 $a(CKB)2550000000043470 035 $a(StDuBDS)AH25270702 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000543011 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12160377 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000543011 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10512237 035 $a(PQKB)10871721 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC5854124 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC5137861 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL5137861 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL317326 035 $a(OCoLC)1024248769 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000000043470 100 $a20200704d2011 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur||||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aAsking questions in biology $ea guide to hypothesis testing, experimental design and presentation in practical work and research projects /$fChris Barnard, Francis Gilbert, and Peter McGregor 205 $aFourth edition. 210 1$aHarlow, England :$cBenjamin Cummings,$d[2011] 210 4$dİ2011 215 $a1 online resource (x, 248 p. ) $cill 300 $aPrevious ed.: 2007. 311 $a0-273-73468-7 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aPreface 1 Doing Science Where do questions come from? 1.1 Science as asking questions 1.2 Basic considerations 1.3 The skill of asking questions 1.4 Where do questions come from? 1.5 What is this book about References 2 Asking questions The art of framing hypotheses and predictions 2.1 Observation 2.2 Exploratory analysis 2.3 Forming hypotheses 2.4 Summary References 3 Answering questions What do the results say? 3.1 Confirmatory analysis 3.2 What is statistical significance 3.3 Significance tests 3.4 Testing hypotheses 3.5 Testing predictions 3.6 Refining hypotheses and predictions 3.7 Summary References 4 Presenting information How to communicate outcomes and conclusions 4.1 Presenting figures and tables 4.2 Presenting results in the text 4.3 Writing reports 4.4 Writing for a more general readership 4.5 Presenting in person: spoken papers and poster presentations 4.6 Plagiarism 4.7 Summary References Test finder and help guide Some self-test questions Appendix I: Table of confidence limits to the median Appendix II: How to calculate some simple significance tests Appendix III: Significance tables Appendix IV: The common codes for the important graphical parameters of R Answers to self-test questions Index Quick test finders 330 8 $aAsking the right questions in the right way is a fundamental skill in scientific enquiry. This text introduces students of the biological sciences to the skills of observation and enquiry.$bAsking and answering questions is the cornerstone of science yet formal training in understanding this key process is often overlooked. Asking Questions in Biology unpacks this crucial process of enquiry, from a biological perspective, at its various stages. It begins with an overview of scientific question-asking in general, before moving on to demonstrate how to derive hypotheses from unstructured observations. It then explains in the main sections of the book, how to use statistical tests as tools to analyse data and answer those questions before, finally, showing the best practice in presenting scientific reports. As such, it is an indispensable companion to all students of biology, but particularly those enrolled in courses concerning experimental design; data analysis; hypothesis testing; research methods; or any practical project work. 606 $aScience$xMethodology 606 $aBiology$xMethodology 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aScience$xMethodology. 615 0$aBiology$xMethodology. 676 $a570.72 700 $aBarnard$b C. J$g(Christopher J.),$01212813 702 $aGilbert$b Francis S$g(Francis Sylvest),$f1956- 702 $aMcGregor$b Peter K. 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910150243703321 996 $aAsking questions in biology$92800763 997 $aUNINA