LEADER 03732oam 22005654 450 001 9910150200403321 005 20210824204545.0 010 $a0-8223-7353-X 024 7 $a10.1515/9780822373537 035 $a(CKB)3710000000942238 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC4741072 035 $a(OCoLC)1142682259 035 $a(MdBmJHUP)muse79479 035 $a959837224 035 $a(DE-B1597)552390 035 $a(DE-B1597)9780822373537 035 $a(OCoLC)1170430166 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000942238 100 $a20161004d2016 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 14$aThe revolution has come $eBlack power, gender, and the Black Panther Party in Oakland /$fRobyn C. Spencer 210 1$aDurham :$cDuke University Press,$d2016. 215 $a1 online resource (278 pages) 311 08$aOnline version: Spencer, Robyn C., 1970- author. Revolution has come Durham : Duke University Press, 2016 9780822373537 (DLC) 2016024533 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aSeize the time : the roots of the Black Panther Party in Oakland, California -- In defense of self-defense -- Moving on many fronts : the Black Panther Party's transformation from local organization to mass movement -- Inside political repression, 1969-1971 -- "Revolution is a process rather than a conclusion" : rebuilding the party, 1971-1974 -- The politics of survival : electoral politics and organizational transformation -- "I am we" : the demise of the Black Panther Party, 1977-1982. 330 $aIn The Revolution Has Come Robyn C. Spencer traces the Black Panther Party's organizational evolution in Oakland, California, where hundreds of young people came to political awareness and journeyed to adulthood as members. Challenging the belief that the Panthers were a projection of the leadership, Spencer draws on interviews with rank-and-file members, FBI files, and archival materials to examine the impact the organization's internal politics and COINTELPRO's political repression had on its evolution and dissolution. She shows how the Panthers' members interpreted, implemented, and influenced party ideology and programs; initiated dialogues about gender politics; highlighted ambiguities in the Panthers' armed stance; and criticized organizational priorities. Spencer also centers gender politics and the experiences of women and their contributions to the Panthers and the Black Power movement as a whole. Providing a panoramic view of the party's organization over its sixteen-year history, The Revolution Has Come shows how the Black Panthers embodied Black Power through the party's international activism, interracial alliances, commitment to address state violence, and desire to foster self-determination in Oakland's black communities. 606 $aBlack power$zCalifornia$zOakland$xHistory$y20th century 606 $aBlack power$zUnited States$xHistory$y20th century 606 $aAfrican American political activists$vInterviews 606 $aAfrican American social reformers$vInterviews 606 $aCivil rights movements$zUnited States$xHistory$y20th century 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aBlack power$xHistory 615 0$aBlack power$xHistory 615 0$aAfrican American political activists 615 0$aAfrican American social reformers 615 0$aCivil rights movements$xHistory 676 $a322.4/20973 700 $aSpencer$b Robyn C.$f1970-$01249083 801 0$bNDD 801 1$bNDD 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910150200403321 996 $aThe revolution has come$92894765 997 $aUNINA