LEADER 05230nam 22006134a 450 001 9910143567103321 005 20230721025852.0 010 $a1-280-72143-X 010 $a9786610721436 010 $a0-470-05552-9 010 $a0-470-05551-0 035 $a(CKB)1000000000355280 035 $a(EBL)281827 035 $a(OCoLC)476027084 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000171061 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11153986 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000171061 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10237350 035 $a(PQKB)10207036 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC281827 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000355280 100 $a20060324d2007 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aHigh-performance gradient elution$b[electronic resource] $ethe practical application of the linear-solvent-strength model /$fLloyd R. Snyder, John W. Dolan 210 $aHoboken, NJ $cJohn Wiley$dc2007 215 $a1 online resource (491 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-471-70646-9 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aHIGH-PERFORMANCE GRADIENT ELUTION; CONTENTS; PREFACE; GLOSSARY OF SYMBOLS AND TERMS; 1 INTRODUCTION; 1.1 The "General Elution Problem" and the Need for Gradient Elution; 1.2 Other Reasons for the Use of Gradient Elution; 1.3 Gradient Shape; 1.4 Similarity of Isocratic and Gradient Elution; 1.4.1 Gradient and Isocratic Elution Compared; 1.4.2 The Linear-Solvent-Strength Model; 1.5 Computer Simulation; 1.6 Sample Classification; 1.6.1 Sample Compounds of Related Structure ("Regular Samples"); 1.6.2 Sample Compounds of Unrelated Structure ("Irregular" Samples); 2 GRADIENT ELUTION FUNDAMENTALS 327 $a2.1 Isocratic Separation2.1.1 Retention; 2.1.2 Peak Width and Plate Number; 2.1.3 Resolution; 2.1.4 Role of Separation Conditions; 2.1.4.1 Optimizing Retention [Term a of Equation (2.7)]; 2.1.4.2 Optimizing Selectivity ? [Term b of Equation (2.7)]; 2.1.4.3 Optimizing the Column Plate Number N [Term c of Equation (2.7)]; 2.2 Gradient Separation; 2.2.1 Retention; 2.2.1.1 Gradient and Isocratic Separation Compared for "Corresponding" Conditions; 2.2.2 Peak Width; 2.2.3 Resolution; 2.2.3.1 Resolution as a Function of Values of S for Two Adjacent Peaks ("Irregular" Samples) 327 $a2.2.3.2 Using Gradient Elution to Predict Isocratic Separation2.2.4 Sample Complexity and Peak Capacity; 2.3 Effect of Gradient Conditions on Separation; 2.3.1 Gradient Steepness b: Change in Gradient Time; 2.3.2 Gradient Steepness b: Change in Column Length or Diameter; 2.3.3 Gradient Steepness b: Change in Flow Rate; 2.3.4 Gradient Range ?ø: Change in Initial Percentage B (ø(0)); 2.3.5 Gradient Range ?ø: Change in Final %B (ø(f)); 2.3.6 Effect of a Gradient Delay; 2.3.6.1 Equipment Dwell Volume; 2.3.7 Effect of Gradient Shape (Nonlinear Gradients) 327 $a2.3.8 Overview of the Effect of Gradient Conditions on the Chromatogram2.4 Related Topics; 2.4.1 Nonideal Retention in Gradient Elution; 2.4.2 Gradient Elution Misconceptions; 3 METHOD DEVELOPMENT; 3.1 A Systematic Approach to Method Development; 3.1.1 Separation Goals (Step 1 of Fig. 3.1); 3.1.2 Nature of the Sample (Step 2 of Fig. 3.1); 3.1.3 Initial Experimental Conditions; 3.1.4 Repeatable Results; 3.1.5 Computer Simulation: Yes or No?; 3.1.6 Sample Preparation (Pretreatment); 3.2 Initial Experiments; 3.2.1 Interpreting the Initial Chromatogram (Step 3 of Fig. 3.1) 327 $a3.2.1.1 "Trimming" a Gradient Chromatogram3.2.1.2 Possible Problems; 3.3 Developing a Gradient Separation: Resolution versus Conditions; 3.3.1 Optimizing Gradient Retention k* (Step 4 of Fig. 3.1); 3.3.2 Optimizing Gradient Selectivity ?* (Step 5 of Fig. 3.1); 3.3.3 Optimizing the Gradient Range (Step 6 of Fig. 3.1); 3.3.3.1 Changes in Selectivity as a Result of Change in k*; 3.3.4 Segmented (Nonlinear) Gradients (Step 6 of Fig. 3.1 Continued); 3.3.5 Optimizing the Column Plate Number N* (Step 7 of Fig. 3.1); 3.3.6 Column Equilibration Between Successive Sample Injections 327 $a3.3.7 Fast Separations 330 $aGradient elution demystifiedOf the various ways in which chromatography is applied today, few have been as misunderstood as the technique of gradient elution, which presents many challenges compared to isocratic separation. When properly explained, however, gradient elution can be less difficult to understand and much easier to use than often assumed.Written by two well-known authorities in liquid chromatography, High-Performance Gradient Elution: The Practical Application of the Linear-Solvent-Strength Model takes the mystery out of the practice of gradient elution and helps r 606 $aHigh performance liquid chromatography 615 0$aHigh performance liquid chromatography. 676 $a543.0894 676 $a543.84 676 $a543/.84 700 $aSnyder$b Lloyd R$075155 701 $aDolan$b John W$0278317 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910143567103321 996 $aHigh-performance gradient elution$9759045 997 $aUNINA