LEADER 05453nam 22007213u 450 001 9910140801403321 005 20230725024851.0 010 $a1-282-77457-3 010 $a9786612774577 010 $a1-4443-2486-1 010 $a1-4443-2487-X 035 $a(CKB)2670000000044801 035 $a(EBL)589237 035 $a(OCoLC)671398439 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000403420 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11280894 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000403420 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10433070 035 $a(PQKB)10970190 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC589237 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000044801 100 $a20140106d2010|||| u|| | 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aPlates vs Plumes$b[electronic resource] $eA Geological Controversy 210 $aHoboken $cWiley$d2010 215 $a1 online resource (362 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-4051-6148-5 327 $aPlates vs. Plumes: A Geological Controversy; Contents; Preface; 1: From plate tectonics to plumes, and back again; 1.1 Volcanoes, and exceptional volcanoes; 1.2 Early beginnings: Continental drift and its rejection; 1.3 Emergence of the Plume hypothesis; 1.4 Predictions of the Plume hypothesis; 1.5 Lists of plumes; 1.6 Testing plume predictions; 1.7 A quick tour of Hawaii and Iceland; 1.8 Moving on: Holism and alternatives; 1.9 The Plate hypothesis; 1.10 Predictions of the Plate hypothesis; 1.11 Testing the Plate hypothesis; 1.12 Revisiting Hawaii and Iceland; 1.13 Questions and problems 327 $a1.14 Exercises for the student2: Vertical motions; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Predictions of the Plume hypothesis; 2.3 Predictions of the Plate hypothesis; 2.4 Comparison of the predictions of the Plume and Plate hypotheses; 2.5 Observations; 2.5.1 Classifying melting anomalies; 2.5.2 Volcanic chains with initial flood basalts; 2.5.3 Volcanic chains without initial flood basalts; 2.5.4 Active flood basalt provinces lacking volcanic chains; 2.5.5 Extinct flood basalt provinces lacking volcanic chains; 2.5.6 Vertical motions without flood basalt magmatism; 2.6 Plume variants; 2.7 Discussion 327 $a2.8 Exercises for the student3: Volcanism; 3.1 Introduction; 3.1.1 Flood basalts and oceanic plateaus; 3.1.2 Normal or anomalous?; 3.2 Predictions of the Plume hypothesis; 3.3 Predictions of the Plate hypothesis; 3.4 Comparison of the predictions of the Plate and Plume hypotheses; 3.5 Observations; 3.5.1 Classifying melting anomalies; 3.5.2 Large-volume, sustained volcanism; 3.5.3 Large-volume, brief volcanism; 3.5.4 Small-volume, sustained volcanism; 3.5.5 Small-volume, brief volcanism; 3.6 Plume variants; 3.7 Discussion; 3.8 Exercises for the student 327 $a4: Time progressions and relative fixity of melting anomalies4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Methods; 4.2.1 Radiometric dating; 4.2.2 Earth's palaeomagnetic and spin axes; 4.2.3 True polar wander; 4.3 Predictions of the Plume hypothesis; 4.4 Predictions of the Plate hypothesis; 4.5 Observations; 4.5.1 Melting anomalies without tracks; 4.5.2 Short-lived melting anomalies; 4.5.3 Melting anomalies with long chains that are not time-progressive; 4.5.4 Melting anomalies with long, time-progressive tracks; 4.6 Hotspot reference frames; 4.7 Plume variants; 4.7.1 "Mantle wind"; 4.7.2 Other variants 327 $a4.8 Discussion4.9 Exercises for the student; 5: Seismology; 5.1 Introduction; 5.1.2 Seismology is not a thermometer; 5.2 Seismological techniques; 5.2.1 Explosion seismology; 5.2.2 Tomography; 5.2.3 Teleseismic tomography; 5.2.4 Whole-mantle tomography; 5.2.5 Presenting tomography results; 5.2.6 Receiver functions; 5.2.7 Shear-wave splitting; 5.3 Predictions of the Plume hypothesis; 5.4 Predictions of the Plate hypothesis; 5.5 Observations; 5.5.1 Well-studied melting anomalies on extensive land masses; 5.5.2 Less well-studied melting anomalies in remote regions 327 $a5.5.3 Structure beneath extinct melting anomalies, and elsewhere 330 $aSince the advent of the mantle plume hypothesis in 1971, scientists have been faced with the problem that its predictions are not confirmed by observation. For thirty years, the usual reaction has been to adapt the hypothesis in numerous ways. As a result, the multitude of current plume variants now amounts to an unfalsifiable hypothesis. In the early 21st century demand became relentless for a theory that can explain melting anomalies in a way that fits the observations naturally and is forward-predictive. From this the Plate hypothesis emerged-the exact inverse of the Plume hypothesis. The 606 $aMantle plumes 606 $aPlate tectonics 606 $aMantle plumes 606 $aPlate tectonics 606 $aGeology$2HILCC 606 $aEarth & Environmental Sciences$2HILCC 606 $aDynamic & Structural Geology$2HILCC 615 4$aMantle plumes. 615 4$aPlate tectonics. 615 0$aMantle plumes 615 0$aPlate tectonics 615 7$aGeology 615 7$aEarth & Environmental Sciences 615 7$aDynamic & Structural Geology 676 $a551.116 676 $a551.21 700 $aFoulger$b Gillian R$0953189 801 0$bAU-PeEL 801 1$bAU-PeEL 801 2$bAU-PeEL 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910140801403321 996 $aPlates vs Plumes$92154906 997 $aUNINA