LEADER 05622nam 2200709 450 001 9910140286803321 005 20230803195413.0 010 $a1-118-91512-7 010 $a1-118-91514-3 010 $a1-118-91513-5 035 $a(CKB)2670000000530807 035 $a(EBL)1638169 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001157608 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11986046 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001157608 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11227194 035 $a(PQKB)10552984 035 $a(OCoLC)871224268 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1638169 035 $a(DLC) 2014015050 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC4039806 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1638169 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10842291 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL584491 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000530807 100 $a20140313h20142014 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aEnvironmental management of energy from biofuels and biofeedstocks /$fJames G. Speight and Kamel Singh ; cover design by Kris Hackerott 210 1$aBeverly, Massachusetts ;$aHoboken, New Jersey :$cScrivener Publishing :$cWiley,$d2014. 210 4$dİ2014 215 $a1 online resource (273 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-118-23371-9 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index. 327 $aCover; Title Page; Copyright Page; Contents; Preface; 1 Fuels From Biomass; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 The Growth of Biofuels; 1.2.1 Factors Spurring Growth in the Biofuels Market; 1.2.2 Challenges to the Wide-Scale Use Of Biofuels; 1.2.3 History of Biofuels Programs; 1.2.4 Current Biofuel Production; 1.3 Conventional Biomass Feedstocks; 1.3.1 Fuels from Food Fiber and Feed Crops (1st Generation); 1.4 Challenges to Conventional Feedstocks; 1.5 Fuels from Crop Residues, Wood and Dedicated Energy Crops; 1.5.1 Characteristics of Cellulosic Biomass; 1.5.2 Biomass Residues and Organic Wastes 327 $a1.5.3 Wood Residues 1.5.4 Crop Residues; 1.5.5 Energy Crops; 1.5.6 Micro-Algae; 1.6 Technologies for Converting Biomass into Liquid Fuels; 1.6.1 Thermochemical Conversion; 1.6.2 Biochemical Conversion; 1.6.3 Emerging Developments in Conversion Technology; 1.7 The Biorefinery Concept; 1.8 Outlook for Cellulosic Liquid Fuels; 1.9 Biofuels; 1.9.1 Ethanol from Sugars; 1.9.2 Ethanol from Starches; 1.9.3 Fuel Ethanol; 1.9.4 Lipid-Derived Biofuels; References; 2 Environmental Aspects; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Greenhouse Gas Emissions; 2.3 Life Cycle Considerations of Biofuels 327 $a2.3.1 Feedstock Production, Harvest, Processing, Transport 2.4 Refining Feedstocks Into Biofuels; 2.4.1 Transport of Feedstocks and Fuel; 2.4.2 Combustion; 2.4.3 Results of Well-to-Wheel Analyses; 2.4.4 Reducing the Climate Impact of Biofuels; 2.5 Impact of Growing Biomass; 2.5.1 Habitat Destruction; 2.5.2 Minimizing Land-Use and Impact on Wildlife; 2.5.3 Impact on Soil Quality; 2.5.4 Impact on Water Resources; 2.5.5 Impact on Air Quality; References; 3 Biofuel Policies; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Regional, National and Local Policies; 3.2.1 Africa; 3.2.2 Asia and the Pacific; 3.2.3 Latin America 327 $a3.2.4 Europe 3.2.5 North America; 3.3 International Environmental Instruments; 3.3.1 Greenhouse Gas Emissions; 3.3.2 Other Emissions; 3.4 Standards and Certification Schemes; 3.5 International Trade; References; 4 The Biofuel Life Cycle; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Energy Balance and Energy Efficiency of Biofuels; 4.3 Ethanol in SI Engines; 4.4 Ethanol in CI Engines; 4.5 Biodiesel Blends; 4.6 Unblended Biodiesel; 4.7 Other Biofuels; 4.7.1 Vegetable Oil and Animal Fats; 4.7.2 Dimethyl Ether; 4.7.3 Biomass to Liquid; References; 5 Social Aspects; 5.1 Introduction 327 $a5.2 Agricultural and Rural Development 5.3 Expanding Markets; 5.4 Creating Employment; 5.5 Subsidies; 5.6 Biofuel Processing; 5.7 Biofuels for Local Use; 5.8 Food Versus Fuel Debate; 5.9 Infrastructure Requirements; 5.10 Transport, Storage and Delivery; 5.11 Government Policies and Regulations; References; 6 The Future of Biofuels; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Next Generation Biofuels; 6.3 Integrated Refining Concepts - The Biorefinery; 6.3.1 The Biorefinery Concept; 6.3.2 Process Options; 6.3.3 Anaerobic Digestion; 6.3.4 Fermentation and Hydrolysis; 6.3.5 Transesterification 327 $a6.4 Strategies for Biofuel Use 330 $aThis is the most comprehensive and thorough volume on the environmental aspects of energy from biofuels and biofeedstocks. Biomass is a renewable resource whose utilization has received great attention due to environmental considerations and the increasing demands of energy worldwide. Since the energy crises of the 1970's, many countries have become interested in biomass as a fuel source to expand the development of domestic and renewable energy sources, reduce the environmental impacts of energy production, provide rural prosperity for its poor farmers, and bolster a flat agricultural sector. 606 $aBiomass chemicals 606 $aBiomass energy 606 $aWaste products as fuel 615 0$aBiomass chemicals. 615 0$aBiomass energy. 615 0$aWaste products as fuel. 676 $a661.8 700 $aSpeight$b James G.$017073 701 $aSingh$b Kamel$0931665 701 $aHackerott$b Kris$0880638 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910140286803321 996 $aEnvironmental management of energy from biofuels and biofeedstocks$92095672 997 $aUNINA