LEADER 04407nam 2200721 a 450 001 9910139993503321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-282-39624-2 010 $a9786612396243 010 $a90-474-4005-6 024 7 $a10.1163/ej.9781571053725.i-508 035 $a(CKB)1000000000821918 035 $a(EBL)468463 035 $a(OCoLC)567805756 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000336249 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11241270 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000336249 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10282856 035 $a(PQKB)10952206 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC468463 035 $a(nllekb)BRILL9789047440055 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL468463 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10355164 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL239624 035 $a(PPN)174400896 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000821918 100 $a20070719d2007 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aCorporations and international lawmaking /$fStephen Tully 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aBoston $cMartinus Nijhoff Publishers$dc2007 215 $a1 online resource (528 p.) 225 0 $aNijhoff eBook titles 2007 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-57105-372-7 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. 395-471) and index. 327 $tPreliminary Material /$rS. Tully --$tChapter 1. Introduction /$rS. Tully --$tChapter 2. Historical Perspective On Corporate Participation Within The International Legal Order /$rS. Tully --$tChapter 3. Corporate Contributions To Customary International Law And \'Soft\' International Law /$rS. Tully --$tChapter 4. Corporate Contributions To Treaty Formation And Implementation /$rS. Tully --$tChapter 5. Corporations And International Dispute Settlement /$rS. Tully --$tChapter 6. Conclusions /$rS. Tully --$tAnnexes /$rS. Tully --$tBibliography /$rS. Tully --$tTable Of Cases /$rS. Tully --$tTable Of Instruments /$rS. Tully --$tIndex /$rS. Tully. 330 $aThe classical model of international lawmaking posits governments as exclusively authoritative actors. However, commercially-oriented entities have long been protagonists within the prevailing international legal order, concluding contracts and resolving disputes with governments. Is the international legal personality of corporations undergoing further qualitative transformations ? Corporations influence the State practice constitutive of custom and create, refashion or challenge normative rules. The corporate willingness to fill legal lacunae where governments do not exercise their full regulatory responsibility is also observable through resort to alternative legal mechanisms. Corporations moreover contribute directly to treaty negotiations and occupy crucial roles during subsequent implementation. Indeed, an analysis of the access conditions and participatory modalities for non-State actors could support a right to participate under common international procedural law. Their substantive contributions are also evident when corporations participate in enforcing international law against governments through national courts, diplomatic protection (including the WTO) and arbitration (including NAFTA). However, the practice of intergovernmental organizations reveals several challenges including managing corporate interaction with developing country governments and other non-State actors. Acknowledging corporate contributions also has important implications for national regulatory autonomy, the ability of governments to mediate contested policy issues, the democratic legitimacy of the contemporary lawmaking process and an understanding of consent as the underlying basis for international law. 606 $aInternational law 606 $aLegislation 606 $aTreaties 606 $aSoft law 606 $aInternational business enterprises 606 $aPressure groups 615 0$aInternational law. 615 0$aLegislation. 615 0$aTreaties. 615 0$aSoft law. 615 0$aInternational business enterprises. 615 0$aPressure groups. 676 $a341 700 $aTully$b Stephen$0512327 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910139993503321 996 $aCorporations and international lawmaking$9759196 997 $aUNINA