LEADER 04995nam 2200685Ia 450 001 9910451592603321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-281-19141-8 010 $a9786611191412 010 $a0-8213-7370-6 035 $a(CKB)1000000000484200 035 $a(EBL)459538 035 $a(OCoLC)290514149 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000089748 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11981108 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000089748 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10089458 035 $a(PQKB)10771187 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC459538 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL459538 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10212659 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL119141 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000484200 100 $a20071011d2008 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aSustainability of pension systems in the new EU member states and Croatia$b[electronic resource] $ecoping with aging challenges and fiscal pressures /$fLeszek Ka?sek, Thomas Laursen, Emilia Skrok 210 $aWashington, D.C. $cWorld Bank$dc2008 215 $a1 online resource (50 p.) 225 1 $aWorld Bank working paper ;$vno. 129 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-8213-7369-2 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aContents; Acknowledgments; 1. Overview of Current Pension Systems; Table 1. Retirement Ages in the EU10+1 in 2007; Table 2. Structure of Pension Systems in the EU10+1 Countries; Table 3. Basic Characteristics of Mixed Old-age Pension Systems; Figure 1. Pension Expenditure in 1996-2004, percent of GDP; Figure 2. Breakdown of Pension Expenditure in 2004, percent of GDP; Figure 3. Employment Rate of Older Workers (ages 55-64); Figure 4. Average Exit Age from the Labor Force Weighted by the Probability of Withdrawal from the Labor Market 327 $aTable 4. Gross Replacement Rates in Mid-1990s and Mid-2000s, PercentFigure 5. Benefits per Year of Service (Accrual Rates); Table 5. Basic Demographic and Labor Market Characteristics by Gender; Table 6. Indexation of Pensions in Selected European Countries; Figure 6. Pension Contribution Rates in Selected European Countries; Table 7. Contribution Bases for Self-employed, 2005; Table 8. Cross-subsidization of Self-employed; Table 9. Implicit Individual IRR of the Pension Systems in the EU10+1 Countries, 2006 327 $aFigure 7. Pension Contribution Rates and Shares of Undeclared Work in the EU10+1 CountriesFigure 8. Implicit IRRs and Shares of Undeclared Work in the EU10+1 Countries; Table 11. Financial Indicators of Agricultural Social Insurance Fund (KRUS) in Poland in 2000-05; Table 10. Social Insurance Balance, Percent of GDP; Table 12. Asset Allocation of Private Pension Funds, 2004 (percent); Table 13. Switching to the Second Pillar and Revenue Losses to the PAYG System, 2005; Table 14. Regulatory Administrative Charges to Second and Third Pillar Pension Funds, 2005 327 $aTable 15. Average Real Rate of Return on Investment of Assets in Private Pension Pillar2. Medium-Long Term Sustainability of Pension Schemes; Figure 9. Population Aged 65+ Years, Percent Change Relative to 2004; Figure 10. Eurostat Projections of Old-age Dependency Ratio in Europe; Table 16. Old-age Pension Expenditure: Current Situation and Prospects; Table 17. Long-term Sustainability of Public Finances; Table 18. Implied Replacement Rates (Illustrative); Table 19. Theoretical Replacement Rate of a Male Worker 327 $aFigure 11. Projected Average Replacement Rate for Old-Age Pensioners in Romania (Percent of Average Wage)Figure 12. Projected Replacement Rates in Croatia 2000-40; 3. Conclusions; References 330 $aThis study finds that pension reforms in recent years have improved the efficiency and sustainability of pension systems in the new member states of the European Union and Croatia. However, for many countries, these probably have not gone far enough to ensure long-term sustainability, given the aging of the population. Reforms have included changes to Pay-As-You-Go (PAYG) systems, including increases in retirement ages (not at least for women), new benefit formulas, and new indexation mechanism. Some countries (Latvia and Poland) have further strengthened the link of contributions and benefits 410 0$aWorld Bank working paper ;$vno. 129. 606 $aPensions$zEuropean Union countries 606 $aPensions$zCroatia 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aPensions 615 0$aPensions 676 $a331.25/2094 700 $aKasek$b Leszek$01043049 701 $aLaursen$b Thomas$0872084 701 $aSkrok$b Emilia$01043050 712 02$aWorld Bank. 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910451592603321 996 $aSustainability of pension systems in the new EU member states and Croatia$92467753 997 $aUNINA LEADER 05582nam 2200721 a 450 001 9910139036003321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-119-19900-X 010 $a1-118-38549-7 010 $a1-299-40230-5 010 $a1-118-38548-9 035 $a(CKB)2550000001017871 035 $a(EBL)1158344 035 $a(OCoLC)833766417 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000972251 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11542207 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000972251 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10947985 035 $a(PQKB)11488155 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1158344 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10677854 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL471480 035 $a(CaSebORM)9781118385494 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1158344 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000001017871 100 $a20130403d2013 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurunu||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aTakaful investment portfolios$b[electronic resource] $ea study of the composition of takaful funds in the GCC and Malaysia /$fAbdulrahman Khalil Tolefat, Mehmet Asutay 205 $a1st edition 210 $aSingapore $cWiley$d2013 215 $a1 online resource (252 p.) 225 1 $aWiley finance series 300 $a"Islamic finance." 311 $a1-118-38547-0 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aTakaful Investment Portfolios: A Study of the Composition of Takaful Funds in the GCC and Malaysia; Copyright; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgments; List of Abbreviations; Chapter 1: Introduction; Rationale for Researching Investment Portfolio Composition of Takaful Companies; Aims and Objectives; Scope and Delimitation; Research Methodology; Overview of the Book; Chapter 2: Insurance and Islamic Law: An Introduction to Takaful; The Concept of Insurance in Islamic Sources; Views of Contemporary Jurists on the Insurance Contract 327 $aPermissibility of Insurance Contracts on the Basis of Individual JudgmentsPermissibility of the Insurance Contract on the Basis of a Unanimous Decision; Arguments Regarding the Validity or Invalidity of Commercial Insurance; Insurance and Gharar; Insurance and Riba; Insurance and Gambling (Maysir); Insurance and the Principle of Free (Ibaha) Contractual Arrangements in Islam; Analogy Between Insurance Contracts and Other Islamic Contracts; Other Arguments; Conclusion; Notes; Chapter 3: Takaful Models and Implementations, Trends, and Developments; Takaful Undertaking Principles 327 $aIslamic Insurance Operational Models General Takaful; Family Takaful; Other Models; Differences Between Takaful and Other Forms of Insurance; Differences Between Takaful and Commercial Insurance; Differences Between Takaful and Mutual Insurance; Trends and Developments in the Takaful Industry; Conclusion; Notes; Chapter 4: Research Methodology; Methodological Shortcomings of the Literature; Research Strategy; Research Questions, Objectives, and Hypotheses; Research Design; Sampling Strategy; Sample Size; Research Methods; The Questionnaire; Reliability; Interviews 327 $aDifficulties Faced During Data Collection Quantitative Data Analysis; Qualitative Data Analysis; Conclusion; Notes; Chapter 5: Exploring Investment Behaviours and Investment Portfolios of Takaful Operating Companies in the GCC and Malaysia; Total Investment Portfolio of Takaful Operating Companies for All Funds; Investments in Shareholders' Fund; Investment Accounts; Investments in Equities; Investments in Sukuk; Mutual Funds/Unit Trusts; Investment in Subsidiaries; Real Estate Investments; Other Investments; Return on Investment (ROI); General Fund; Investment Accounts; Equities Investments 327 $aSukuk Investments Real Estate Investments; Other Investments; Return on Investment (ROI); Family Funds; Sukuk Investments; Investment Accounts; Investments in Equities; Real Estate Investments; Other Investments; Return on Investment (ROI); Conclusion; Chapter 6: Locating the Differences Between Actual and Desired Investment Portfolios; Shareholders' Fund; General Fund; Family Funds; Conclusion; Chapter 7: Contextualising the Findings; Overall Portfolio Compositions; Shareholders' Fund; General Fund; Family Funds; Investment Accounts; Shareholders' Fund; General Fund; Family Funds 327 $aInvestment in Sukuks 330 $aA groundbreaking study of the investment portfolios of takaful companies, their general investment patterns, and their future investments The Islamic finance industry has witnessed remarkable growth over the last decade, and one of the most successful segments-poised for even greater expansion-is the Islamic insurance (takaful) industry. In Takaful Investment Portfolios, distinguished takaful scholar Abdulrahman Khalil Tolefat explores the investment portfolios of takaful companies in both the GCC countries and Malaysia, the tip of Islamic finance industry. Investigating the tr 410 0$aWiley finance series. 606 $aInsurance law (Islamic law) 606 $aInsurance law (Islamic law)$zArabian Peninsula 606 $aInsurance law (Islamic law)$zMalaysia 615 0$aInsurance law (Islamic law) 615 0$aInsurance law (Islamic law) 615 0$aInsurance law (Islamic law) 676 $a332.60953 700 $aTolefat$b Abdulrahman Khalil$0958560 701 $aAsutay$b Mehmet$0792059 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910139036003321 996 $aTakaful investment portfolios$92171956 997 $aUNINA