LEADER 04088nam 2200577 450 001 9910137236403321 005 20230621135653.0 010 $a9782889193660$b(ebook) 035 $a(CKB)3710000000506269 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001680362 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)16496306 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001680362 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)15028476 035 $a(PQKB)10467353 035 $a(WaSeSS)IndRDA00056389 035 $a(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/53827 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000506269 100 $a20160829d2014 uy | 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur||#|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 00$aMolecular biology of the transfer RNA revisited /$ftopic editor: Akio Kanai 210 $cFrontiers Media SA$d2014 210 31$aFrance :$cFrontiers Media SA,$d2014 215 $a1 online resource (164 pages) $cillustrations; digital, PDF file(s) 225 0 $aFrontiers Research Topics 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 330 $aTransfer RNAs (tRNAs) are one of the classical non-coding RNAs whose lengths are approximately 70?100 bases. The secondary structure of tRNAs can be represented as the cloverleaf with 4 stems, and the three dimensional structure as a "L" shape. Historically, the basic function of tRNA as an essential component of translation was established in 1960s, i.e., each tRNA is charged with a target amino acid and these are delivered to the ribosome during protein synthesis. However, recent data suggests that the role of tRNA in cellular regulation goes beyond this paradigm. In most Archaea and Eukarya, precursor tRNAs are often interrupted by a short intron inserted strictly between the first and second nucleotide downstream of the anticodon, known as canonical nucleotide position (37/38). Recently, a number of reports describe novel aspects of tRNAs in terms of gene diversity, for example, several types of disrupted tRNA genes have been reported in the Archaea and primitive Eukarya, including multiple-intron-containing tRNA genes, split tRNA genes, and permuted tRNA genes.Our understanding of the enzymes involved in tRNA functions (e.g., aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, tRNA splicing endonuclease, tRNA ligase) has deepened. Moreover, it is well known that tRNA possesses many types of base modifications whose enzymatic regulations remain to be fully elucidated. It was reported that impaired tRNA nuclear-cytoplasmic export links DNA damage and cell-cycle checkpoint. Furthermore, a variety of additional functions of tRNA, beyond its translation of the genetic code, have emerged rapidly. For instance, tRNA cleavage is a conserved part of the responses to a variety of stresses in eukaryotic cells. Age-associated or tissue-specific tRNA fragmentation has also been observed. Several papers suggested that some of these tRNA fragments might be involve in the cellular RNA interference (RNAi) system. These exciting data, have lead to this call for a Research Topic, that plans to revisit and summarize the molecular biology of tRNA. Beyond the topics outlined above, we will highlight recent developments in bioinformatics tools and databases for tRNA analyses. 606 $aAnimal Biochemistry$2HILCC 606 $aHuman Anatomy & Physiology$2HILCC 606 $aHealth & Biological Sciences$2HILCC 610 $amolecular biology 610 $apre-tRNA processing 610 $atransfer RNA 610 $abase modification 610 $anew biological functions 610 $agene diversity 610 $ahuman diseases 610 $amolecular evolution 615 7$aAnimal Biochemistry 615 7$aHuman Anatomy & Physiology 615 7$aHealth & Biological Sciences 700 $aAkio Kanai$4auth$01365481 702 $aKanai$b Akio 801 0$bPQKB 912 $a9910137236403321 996 $aMolecular biology of the transfer RNA revisited$93387420 997 $aUNINA