LEADER 04202nam 2200397z- 450 001 9910136805003321 005 20231214133545.0 035 $a(CKB)3710000000631091 035 $a(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/57758 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000631091 100 $a20202102d2016 |y 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurmn|---annan 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aRecent advances in ?? T cell biology: New ligands, new functions, and new translational perspectives 210 $cFrontiers Media SA$d2016 215 $a1 electronic resource (269 p.) 225 1 $aFrontiers Research Topics 311 $a2-88919-784-0 330 $aGamma/delta (??) T-cells are a small subset of T-lymphocytes in the peripheral circulation but constitute a major T-cell population at other anatomical localizations such as the epithelial tissues. In contrast to conventional a/ß T-cells, the available number of germline genes coding for T-cell receptor (TCR) variable elements of ?? T-cells is very small. Moreover, there is a prefential localization of ?? T-cells expressing given Vgamma and Vdelta genes in certain tissues. In humans, ?? T-cells expressing the Vg9Vd2-encoded TCR account for anywhere between 50 and >95% of peripheral blood ?? T-cells, whereas cells expressing non-Vd2 genes dominate in mucosal tissues. In mice, there is an ordered appearance of ?? T-cell ?waves? during embryonic development, resulting in preferential localization of ?? T-cells expressing distinct VgammaVdelta genes in the skin, the reproductive organs, or gut epithelia. The major function of ?? T-cells resides in local immunosurveillance and immune defense against infection and malignancy. This is supported by the identification of ligands that are selectively recognized by the ?? TCR. As an example, human Vgamma9Vdelta2 T-cells recognize phosphorylated metabolites (?phosphoantigens?) that are secreted by many pathogens but can also be overproduced by tumor cells, providing a basis for a role of these ?? T-cells in both anti-infective and anti-tumor immunity. Similarly, the recognition of endothelial protein C receptor by human non-Vdelta2 ?? T-cells has recently been identified to provide a link for the role for such ?? T-cells in immunity against epithelial tumor cells and cytomegalovirus-infected endothelial cells. In addition to ?classical? functions such as cytokine production and cytotoxicity, recent studies suggest that subsets of ?? T-cells can exert additional functions such as regulatory activity and ? quite surpisingly ? ?professional? antigen-presenting capacity. It is currently not well known how this tremendous extent of functional plasticity is regulated and what is the extent of ?? TCR ligand diversity. Due to their non-MHC-restricted recognition of unusual stress-associated ligands, ?? T-cells have raised great interest as to their potential translational application in cell-based immunotherapy. Topics of this Research Focus include: Molecular insights into the activation and differentiation requirements of ?? T-cells, role of pyrophosphates and butyrophilin molecules for the activation of human ?? T-cells, role of ?? T-cells in tumor immunity and in other infectious and non-infectious diseases, and many others. We are most grateful to all colleagues who agreed to write a manuscript. Thanks to their contributions, this E-book presents an up-to-date overview on many facets of the still exciting ?? T-cells. 517 $aRecent advances in γδ T cell biology 517 $aRecent advances in ?? T cell biology 610 $aInfection 610 $aButyrophilin 3A1 610 $aTumor-infiltrating lymphocytes 610 $acancer immunotherapy 610 $aIL-17 610 $aPyrophosphates 700 $aDieter Kabelitz$4auth$01284049 702 $aJulie Dechanet-Merville$4auth 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910136805003321 996 $aRecent advances in ?? T cell biology: New ligands, new functions, and new translational perspectives$93019235 997 $aUNINA