LEADER 05620nam 2200649 450 001 9910136804103321 005 20230621135759.0 035 $a(CKB)3710000000631096 035 $a(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/40272 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000631096 100 $a20160411d2016uuuu fy| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcu#---uuuuu 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 00$aAdvances in farm animal genomic resources$b[electronic resource] /$fedited by: Stéphane Joost, Michael W. Bruford, Ina Curik, Juha Kantanen, Johannes A. Lenstra, Johann Sölkner ... [and 6 others] 210 $cFrontiers Media SA$d2016 210 1$a[Lausanne, Switzerland] :$cFrontiers Media SA,$d2016. 210 4$d©2016 215 $a1 online resource (293 pages) $cillustrations; digital, PDF file(s) 225 1 $aFrontiers Research Topics 311 $a2-88919-735-2 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 330 3 $aThe history of livestock started with the domestication of their wild ancestors: a restricted number of species allowed to be tamed and entered a symbiotic relationship with humans. In exchange for food, shelter and protection, they provided us with meat, eggs, hides, wool and draught power, thus contributing considerably to our economic and cultural development. Depending on the species, domestication took place in different areas and periods. After domestication, livestock spread over all inhabited regions of the earth, accompanying human migrations and becoming also trade objects. This required an adaptation to different climates and varying styles of husbandry and resulted in an enormous phenotypic diversity. Approximately 200 years ago, the situation started to change with the rise of the concept of breed. Animals were selected for the same visible characteristics, and crossing with different phenotypes was reduced. This resulted in the formation of different breeds, mostly genetically isolated from other populations. A few decades ago, selection pressure was increased again with intensive production focusing on a limited range of types and a subsequent loss of genetic diversity. For short-term economic reasons, farmers have abandoned traditional breeds. As a consequence, during the 20th century, at least 28% of farm animal breeds became extinct, rare or endangered. The situation is alarming in developing countries, where native breeds adapted to local environments and diseases are being replaced by industrial breeds. In the most marginal areas, farm animals are considered to be essential for viable land use and, in the developing world, a major pathway out of poverty. Historic documentation from the period before the breed formation is scarce. Thus, reconstruction of the history of livestock populations depends on archaeological, archeo-zoological and DNA analysis of extant populations. Scientific research into genetic diversity takes advantage of the rapid advances in molecular genetics. Studies of mitochondrial DNA, microsatellite DNA profiling and Y-chromosomes have revealed details on the process of domestication, on the diversity retained by breeds and on relationships between breeds. However, we only see a small part of the genetic information and the advent of new technologies is most timely in order to answer many essential questions. High-throughput single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping is about to be available for all major farm animal species. The recent development of sequencing techniques calls for new methods of data management and analysis and for new ideas for the extraction of information. To make sense of this information in practical conditions, integration of geo-environmental and socio-economic data are key elements. The study and management of farm animal genomic resources (FAnGR) is indeed a major multidisciplinary issue.The goal of the present Research Topic is to collect contributions of high scientific quality relevant to biodiversity management, and applying new methods to either new genomic and bioinformatics approaches for characterization of FAnGR, to the development of FAnGR conservation methods applied ex-situ and in-situ, to socio-economic aspects of FAnGR conservation, to transfer of lessons between wildlife and livestock biodiversity conservation, and to the contribution of FAnGR to a transition in agriculture (FAnGR and agro-ecology). 606 $aCattle$xGenetics 606 $aCattle$xGenome mapping 606 $aLivestock$xConservation 606 $aLivestock$xGenetics 606 $aBiodiversity 610 $aGIS 610 $aDecision Making 610 $aFarm animal genomic resources (FAnGR) 610 $aSocial Sciences 610 $aDisease Resistance 610 $anext generation sequencing 610 $aconservation of genomic diversity 610 $adata integration 610 $asustainable breeding 610 $aPolygenic adaptive and economic traits 615 0$aCattle$xGenetics. 615 0$aCattle$xGenome mapping. 615 0$aLivestock$xConservation. 615 0$aLivestock$xGenetics. 615 0$aBiodiversity. 700 $aPhilippe V. Baret$4auth$01365477 702 $aJoost$b Stéphane 702 $aBruford$b Mike 702 $aCurik$b Ino 702 $aKantanen$b Juha 702 $aLenstra$b Johannes Arjen 702 $aSölkner$b Johann 801 2$bUkMaJRU 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910136804103321 996 $aAdvances in farm animal genomic resources$93387416 997 $aUNINA