LEADER 05911nam 2200601z- 450 001 9910136799103321 005 20231214132830.0 010 $a9782889197408$b(ebook) 035 $a(CKB)3710000000631131 035 $a(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/56396 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000631131 100 $a20202102d2015 |y 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur||#|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aPlatelets as immune cells in physiology and immunopathology 210 $cFrontiers Media SA$d2015 210 1$a[Lausanne, Switzerland] :$cFrontiers Media SA,$d[2015] 210 4$dİ2015 215 $a1 electronic resource (111 p.) 225 1 $aFrontiers Research Topics 300 $a"Published in: Frontiers in immunology" -- front cover. 311 08$aPrint version: 2889197409 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aEditorial: platelets as immune cells in physiology and immunopathology -- Are platelets cells? And if yes, are they immune cells? -- Emerging evidence for platelets as immune and inflammatory effector cells -- The inflammatory role of platelets via their TLRs and Siglec receptors -- Platelets and infection - an emerging role of platelets in viral infection -- Platelets and infections - complex interactions with bacteria -- Breaking the mold: transcription factors in the anucleate platelet and platelet-derived microparticles -- Platelets in inflammation: regulation of leukocyte activities and vascular repair -- Platelets in inflammation and atherogenesis -- Platelet transfusion - the new immunology of an old therapy 330 $aAre platelets cells? (Not everyone agrees, since they are non-nucleate). And if platelets are cells - which all specialists consider at the time being - are they immune cells? The issue that platelets participate in immunity is no longer debated; however, the issue that they are key cells in immunity is challenged. It has even been proposed a couple of years ago that platelets can present antigen to T-lymphocytes by using their HLA class I molecules. No one has the same functional definition of platelets. The ?Frontiers Research Topic?- coordinators? own view is that platelets are primarily repairing cells, what they do in deploying tools of physiological inflammation. This function is better acknowledged as primary hemostasis, i.e. platelet adherence to injured or wounded vessels, followed by activation, aggregation, and constitution of the initial clot. Platelets would thus repair damaged vascular endothelium; so doing, as they patrol to detect damages, they sense danger along the vascular arborescence. As the latter is immense, platelets get close to tissues, which are not allowed to them under ?physiological? conditions but are readily accessible in pathology. Platelets are equipped with a variety of Pathogen Recognition Receptors such as TLRs; they have a complete signalosome, which is functional until the phosphorylation of NFkB; they have been proved to retro-transcribe RNA and synthesize de novo proteins; etc. Platelets participate to inflammation along the whole spectrum: from physiological (tissue repair, healing) to acute/severe inflammation (as can be seen in e.g. sepsis). In general, platelets engage complex interactions with most infectious pathogens. We propose there to cover those topics - from physiology to pathology, that put platelets within cells that not only take place in-, but also are key players of-, innate immunity. The relation of platelets with adaptive immunity is even more complex. Not everyone is convinced that platelets present antigens; however, platelets influence adaptive immunity since they have mutual interactions with Dendritic cells, Monocytes/Macrophages, and B-lymphocytes (the key players of antigen presentation); they also have mutual interactions with T-lymphocytes, though is issue is less clearly deciphered. We propose to also cover these topics - or to present the forum. There is another issue which is medically relevant - speaking of physiology/physiopathology-: this is fetal maternal incompatibility of platelet specific antigens (the HPA system) and the likely formation of maternal antibodies that often injure the newborn with risks of severe thrombocytopenia and intracranial hemorrhage. We propose an update on this issue as well. Last, platelets are very special because they can be directly therapeutic (by transfusion), even when being offered by a generous blood donor displaying given genetic and phenotypic parameters to a patient/recipient in need, who also display his/her own genetic and phenotypic parameters, which - for a large part - differ from the donor's ones. Besides immunization - via mechanisms probably close to the fetal maternal platelet incompatibility, but likely not similar -, transfusion has allowed the identification of the tremendous capacity of platelets to mediate inflammation: we propose to conclude the Topics with this item/forum. 410 0$aFrontiers research topics. 606 $aBlood platelets 606 $aBlood platelets$xImmunology 606 $aImmunopathology 606 $aImmunologic diseases 606 $aInfection 606 $aImmunity 610 $aInfection 610 $aInflammation 610 $aimmunity 610 $aplatelets 615 0$aBlood platelets. 615 0$aBlood platelets$xImmunology. 615 0$aImmunopathology. 615 0$aImmunologic diseases. 615 0$aInfection. 615 0$aImmunity. 676 $a612.117 700 $aOlivier Garraud$4auth$01297629 702 $aGarraud$b Olivier 801 0$bUkMaJRU 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910136799103321 996 $aPlatelets as immune cells in physiology and immunopathology$93024637 997 $aUNINA