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200 10$aDemocracy and elections in Africa$b[electronic resource] /$fStaffan I. Lindberg
210   $aBaltimore $cJohns Hopkins University Press$d2006
215   $a1 online resource (244 p.) 
300   $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
311   $a0-8018-8332-6 
311   $a0-8018-8333-4 
320   $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. [203]-221) and index.
327   $aIntroduction. The role of elections ; Why Africa? ; On regimes ; On elections and democracy ; Preindependence and postindependence elections in African nations ; Contemporary Africa's track record ; Outline of the book -- On democracy and elections. Making a conceptual choice ; Defining democracy ; Operationalizing democratic qualities of elections ; Data collection and processing -- Elections in Africa over time. Frequency and number of elections ; The democratic qualities, on average ; Democratic qualities of elections over time ; Conclusions -- The self-reinforcing power of elections. Going from bad to worse ; First, second, third, fourth and later elections ; A panel-group comparison ; Conclusions -- The causal effects of elections. Democratic qualities in society ; A missing factor of democratization ; Hypotheses and causal links -- Democratization by elections? Elections are associated with civil liberties ; Analyzing by countries ; Conclusions -- Comparative perspectives and reflections. The transition paradigm ; Corruption and democratization ; Stateness and social citizenship ; Lessons on consolidation ; Policy implications ; The power of elections in unfavorable conditions.
606   $aElections$zAfrica
606   $aDemocracy$zAfrica
607   $aAfrica$xPolitics and government$y1960-
608   $aElectronic books.
615  0$aElections
615  0$aDemocracy
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200 14$aLes lois sociales $eesquisse d'une sociologie /$fGabriel de Tarde
210  1$aChicoutimi :$cJ.-M. Tremblay,$d2002.
215   $a1 online resource (70 pages)
225 1 $aClassiques des sciences sociales
327   $aTable des matie?res;  Pre?sentation de l'ouvrage.
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