LEADER 05878nam 2200781 450 001 9910131621203321 005 20220504185248.0 010 $a1-118-68351-X 010 $a1-118-68295-5 035 $a(CKB)3710000000461434 035 $a(EBL)2055784 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001530915 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12622303 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001530915 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11532663 035 $a(PQKB)10523815 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)16038151 035 $a(PQKB)24890373 035 $a(DLC) 2015017584 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC2055784 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL2055784 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr11090366 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL822799 035 $a(OCoLC)918624512 035 $a(PPN)229822916 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000461434 100 $a20150420d2015 uy| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aLignin and lignans as renewable raw materials $echemistry, technology and applications /$fFrancisco G. Calvo-Flores, Jose? A. Dobado, Joaqui?n I. Garcia and Francisco J. Marti?n-Marti?nez 210 1$aChichester, West Sussex :$cJohn Wiley and Sons, Incorporated,$d2015. 215 $a1 online resource (521 p.) 225 1 $aWiley series in renewable resources 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-118-68278-5 311 $a1-118-59786-9 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aCover; Title Page; Copyright; Dedication; Contents; Series Preface; Preface; List of Acronyms; List of Symbols; Part I Introduction; Chapter 1 Background and Overview; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Lignin: Economical Aspects and Sustainability; 1.3 Structure of the Book; References; Part II What is Lignin?; Chapter 2 Structure and Physicochemical Properties; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Monolignols, The Basis of a Complex Architecture; 2.3 Chemical Classification of Lignins; 2.4 Lignin Linkages; 2.5 Structural Models of Native Lignin; 2.5.1 Softwood Models; 2.5.2 Hardwood Models 327 $a2.5.3 Herbaceous Plant Models 2.6 Lignin-Carbohydrate Complex; 2.7 Physical and Chemical Properties of Lignins; 2.7.1 Molecular Weight; 2.7.2 Dispersity Index (?); 2.7.3 Thermal Properties; 2.7.4 Solubility Properties; References; Chapter 3 Detection and Determination; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 The Detection of Lignin (Color-Forming Reactions); 3.2.1 Reagents for Detecting Lignins; 3.3 Determination of Lignin; 3.4 Direct Methods for the Determination of Lignin; 3.4.1 Methods for Lignin as a Residue; 3.4.2 Lignin in Solution Methods; 3.5 Indirect Methods for the Determination of Lignin 327 $a3.5.1 Chemical Methods 3.5.2 Spectrophotometric Methods; 3.5.3 Methods Based on Oxidant Consumption; 3.6 Comparison of the Different Determination Methods; References; Chapter 4 Biosynthesis of Lignin; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 The Biological Function of Lignins; 4.3 The Shikimic Acid Pathway; 4.4 The Common Phenylpropanoid Pathway; 4.5 The Biosynthesis of Lignin Precursors (the Monolignol-Specific Pathway); 4.5.1 The Biosynthesis of Other Monolignols; 4.5.2 The Transport of Monolignols; 4.6 The Dehydrogenation of the Precursors; 4.7 Peroxidases and Laccases; 4.8 The Radical Polymerization 327 $a4.8.1 Dimerization 4.8.2 Quinone Methides; 4.8.3 Lignification; 4.8.4 Interunit Linkage Types; 4.8.5 Dehydrogenation Polymer (DHP); 4.9 The Lignin-Carbohydrate Connectivity; 4.10 Location of Lignins (Cell Wall Lignification); 4.11 Differences Between Angiosperm and Gymnosperm Lignins; References; Part III Sources and Characterization of Lignin; Chapter 5 Isolation of Lignins; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Methods for Lignin Isolation from Wood and Grass for Laboratory Purposes; 5.2.1 Lignin as Residue; 5.2.2 Lignin by Dissolution; 5.3 Commercial Lignins; 5.3.1 Kraft Lignin 327 $a5.3.2 Sulfite Lignin (Lignosulfonate Process)5.3.3 Soda Lignin (Alkali Lignin); 5.3.4 Organosolv Pulping; 5.3.5 Other Methods of Separation of Lignin from Biomass; References; Chapter 6 Functional and Spectroscopic Characterization of Lignins; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Elemental Analysis and Empirical Formula; 6.3 Determination of Molecular Weight; 6.3.1 Gel-Permeation Chromatography (GPC); 6.3.2 Light Scattering; 6.3.3 Vapor-Pressure Osmometry (VPO); 6.3.4 Ultrafiltration (UF); 6.4 Functional Group Analyses; 6.4.1 Methoxyl Group (MeO); 6.4.2 Phenolic Hydroxyl Group (OH ph) 327 $a6.4.3 Total and Aliphatic Hydroxyl Groups (R-OH) 330 $aAs naturally occurring and abundant sources of non-fossil carbon, lignin and lignans offer exciting possibilities as a source of commercially valuable products, moving away from petrochemical-based feedstocks in favour of renewable raw materials. Lignin can be used directly in fields such as agriculture, livestock, soil rehabilitation, bioremediation and the polymer industry, or it can be chemically modified for the fabrication of specialty and high-value chemicals such as resins, adhesives, fuels and greases. Lignin and Lignans as Renewable Raw Materials presents a multidisciplinary overvi 410 0$aWiley series in renewable resources. 606 $aLignin 606 $aLignans 606 $aBotanical chemistry 606 $aPlant polymers 615 0$aLignin. 615 0$aLignans. 615 0$aBotanical chemistry. 615 0$aPlant polymers. 676 $a572/.56682 700 $aCalvo-Flores$b Francisco G.$0886289 702 $aDobado Jime?nez$b Jose? A. 702 $aGarcia$b Joaqui?n I. 702 $aMarti?n-Marti?nez$b Francisco J. 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910131621203321 996 $aLignin and lignans as renewable raw materials$91979123 997 $aUNINA