LEADER 05485nam 2200697 450 001 9910131251303321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-119-02796-9 010 $a1-119-02800-0 010 $a1-119-02788-8 035 $a(CKB)3710000000376507 035 $a(EBL)1895947 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001558082 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)16183415 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001558082 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)14818812 035 $a(PQKB)11694046 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1895947 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1895947 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr11033634 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL770136 035 $a(OCoLC)908262316 035 $a(PPN)191643017 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000376507 100 $a20150330h20152015 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aSea ice $ephysics and remote sensing /$fMohammed Shokr, Nirmal Sinha 210 1$aWashington, District of Columbia :$cAmerican Geophysical Union :$cWiley,$d2015. 210 4$dİ2015 215 $a1 online resource (624 p.) 225 1 $aGeophysical Monograph Series ;$v209 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-119-02789-6 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index. 327 $aTitle Page; Copyright Page; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgments and Recognitions; Chapter 1 Introduction; 1.1. Background; 1.2. Historical Synopsis: Canada and the Arctic; 1.3. Fascinating Nature of Sea Ice; 1.4. Sea Ice in Research and Operational Disciplines; 1.4.1. Sea Ice in Marine Navigation; 1.4.2. Sea Ice in Physics; 1.4.3. Sea Ice in Climatology; 1.4.4. Sea Ice in Meteorology; 1.4.5. Sea Ice in Oceanography; 1.4.6. Sea Ice in Marine Biology; 1.4.7. Sea Ice and Offshore Structures; 1.4.8. Sea Ice for Search and Rescue and Transportation; 1.5. Sea Ice and Remote Sensing 327 $a1.6. About the Book and Its OrganizationChapter 2 Ice Physics and Physical Processes; 2.1. Initial Ice Formation; 2.1.1. Relevant Seawater Properties; 2.1.2. Seawater Freezing Mechanism; 2.1.3. Initial Ice Crystals and Frazil Ice; 2.2. Ice Growth; 2.2.1. Lateral Ice Growth; 2.2.2. Vertical Ice Growth (Congelation Ice); 2.2.3. Superimposed Ice; 2.2.4. Thermodynamic Ice Growth; 2.3. Inclusions in Ice; 2.3.1. Compositional (Constitutional) Supercooling and Brine Pocket Formation; 2.3.2. Dendritic Interface of Sea Ice; 2.3.3. Salinity Loss During Ice Growth; 2.4. Ice Deformation 327 $a2.5. Ice Decay and Aging2.5.1. Ice Decay; 2.5.2. Ice Aging; 2.6. Ice Classes and Ice Regimes; 2.6.1. Criteria of Ice Classification; 2.6.2. Polynyas; 2.6.3. Pancake Ice Regime; 2.6.4. Marginal Ice Zone and Ice Edge; 2.6.5. Ice of Land Origin; Chapter 3 Sea Ice Properties: Data and Derivations; 3.1. Temperature Profiles in Ice and Snow; 3.2. Bulk Salinity and Salinity Profile; 3.2.1. Bulk Salinity; 3.2.2. Salinity Profiles; 3.3. Density of First-Year and Multiyear Ice; 3.4. Volume Fraction of Sea Ice Constituents; 3.4.1. Brine Volume Fraction; 3.4.2. Solid Salt Volume Fraction 327 $a3.4.3. Pure Ice Volume Fraction3.4.4. Air Volume Fraction; 3.5. Thermal Properties; 3.5.1. Thermal Conductivity of Sea Ice; 3.5.2. Thermal Conductivity of Snow; 3.5.3. Specific Heat of Sea Ice; 3.5.4. Latent Heat of Sea Ice; 3.6. Dielectric Properties; 3.6.1. Dielectric Constant of Brine; 3.6.2. Dielectric Mixing Models; 3.6.3. Field Measurements of Dielectric Constant; Chapter 4 Polycrystalline Ice Structure; 4.1. Terms and Definitions Relevant to Polycrystalline Ice; 4.1.1. Special Thermal State of Natural Ice; 4.1.2. General Terms for Structural Aspects of Ice 327 $a4.1.3. Basic Terms and Definitions4.2. Morphology of Ice; 4.2.1. Form of Ice Crystals; 4.2.2. Miller Indices for Hexagonal Ice; 4.2.3. Growth Direction of Ice Crystals; 4.2.4. Ice Density in Relation to Crystalline Structure; 4.3. Structure- and Texture-Based Classification of Natural Ice; 4.3.1. Freshwater Ice Classification of Michel and Ramseier; 4.3.2. Extending Crystallographic Classification of Freshwater Ice to Sea Ice; 4.3.3. Crystallographic Classes of Natural Ice; 4.3.4. Stereographical Projection (Fabric Diagram) of Natural Polycrystalline Ice 327 $a4.4. Age-Based Structural Features of Natural Sea Ice 330 $a 1. Sea ice physical, dielectric and radiometric properties 1.1 Sea ice phase diagram 1.2 Sea ice growth under different oceanographic and atmospheric conditions 1.3 Thickness-based ice types 1.4 Physical properties of sea ice 1.5 Dielectric properties of ice type 1.5.1 Measurements of complex dielectric constant 1.5.2 Modeling complex dielectric constant 1.6 Radiometric properties of ice types 2. Ice Crystalline Structure 2.1 Hexagonal structure and birefringence of ice 2.2 Thin ice section double microtoming technique 2.3 Sea ice fabric diagram 2.4 Categories of ice crystalline struc 410 0$aGeophysical monograph series ;$v209. 606 $aSea ice$xRemote sensing 606 $aSea ice$zArctic regions 607 $aArctic Regions$2fast 615 0$aSea ice$xRemote sensing. 615 0$aSea ice 676 $a551.342028 700 $aShokr$b Mohammed$0996969 702 $aSinha$b Nirmal 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910131251303321 996 $aSea ice$92286203 997 $aUNINA