LEADER 05029nam 2200625 450 001 9910130960903321 005 20180424200144.0 010 $a3-527-63638-2 010 $a3-527-63637-4 010 $a3-527-63636-6 035 $a(CKB)3460000000080840 035 $a(EBL)1032418 035 $a(OCoLC)815390382 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000614694 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11405759 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000614694 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10605667 035 $a(PQKB)10666312 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1032418 035 $a(EXLCZ)993460000000080840 100 $a20120412h20112011 uy| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aHigh-intensity X-rays - interaction with matter $eprocesses in plasmas, clusters, molecules, and solids /$fStefan P. Hau-Riege 210 1$aWeinheim :$cWiley-VCH,$d[2011] 210 4$dİ2011 215 $a1 online resource (521 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a3-527-40947-5 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aCover; Half Title page; Title page; Copyright; Dedication; Preface; Chapter 1: Introduction; 1.1 Examples for the Application of X-Ray-Matter Interaction; 1.2 Electromagnetic Spectrum; 1.3 X-Ray Light Sources; 1.4 Fundamental Models to Describe X-Ray-Matter Interaction; 1.5 Introduction to X-Ray-Matter Interaction Processes; 1.6 Databases Relevant to Photon-Matter Interaction; References; Chapter 2: Atomic Physics; 2.1 Atomic States; 2.2 Atomic Processes; 2.3 Effect of Plasma Environment; References; Chapter 3: Scattering of X-Ray Radiation; 3.1 Scattering by Free Charges 327 $a3.2 Scattering by Atoms and Ions3.3 Scattering by Gases, Liquids, and Amorphous Solids; 3.4 Scattering by Plasmas; 3.5 Scattering by Crystals; References; Chapter 4: Electromagnetic Wave Propagation; 4.1 Electromagnetic Waves in Matter; 4.2 Reflection and Refraction at Interfaces; 4.3 Reflection by Thin Films, Bilayers, and Multilayers; 4.4 Dispersive Interaction of Wavepackets with Materials; 4.5 Kramers-Kronig Relation; References; Chapter 5: Electron Dynamics; 5.1 Transition of Solids into Plasmas; 5.2 Directional Emission of Photoelectrons; 5.3 Electron Scattering 327 $a5.4 Energy Loss Mechanisms5.5 Electron Dynamics in Plasmas; 5.6 Statistical Description of Electron Dynamics; 5.7 Bremsstrahlung Emission and Inverse Bremsstrahlung Absorption; 5.8 Charge Trapping in Small Objects; References; Chapter 6: Short X-Ray Pulses; 6.1 Characteristics of Short X-Ray Pulses; 6.2 Generating Short X-Ray Pulses; 6.3 Characterizing Short X-Ray Pulses; 6.4 Characteristic Time Scales in Matter; 6.5 Short-Pulse X-Ray-Matter Interaction Processes; 6.6 Single-Pulse X-Ray Optics; References; Chapter 7: High-Intensity Effects in the X-Ray Regime 327 $a7.1 Intensity and Electric Field of Intense X-Ray Sources7.2 High-X-Ray-Intensity Effects in Atoms; 7.3 Nonlinear Optics; 7.4 High-Intensity Effects in Plasmas; 7.5 High-Field Physics; References; Chapter 8: Dynamics of X-Ray-Irradiated Materials; 8.1 X-Ray-Matter Interaction Time Scales; 8.2 The Influence of X-Ray Heating on Absorption; 8.3 Thermodynamics of Phase Transformation; 8.4 Ablation; 8.5 Intensity Dependence of X-Ray-Matter Interaction; 8.6 X-Ray-Induced Mechanical Damage; 8.7 X-Ray Damage in Inertial Confinement Fusion; 8.8 X-Ray Damage in Semiconductors 327 $a8.9 Damage to Biomolecules in X-Ray ImagingReferences; Chapter 9: Simulation of X-Ray-Matter Interaction; 9.1 Models for Different Time- and Length Scales; 9.2 Atomistic Models; 9.3 Statistical Kinetics Models; 9.4 Hydrodynamic Models; References; Chapter 10: Examples of X-Ray-Matter Interaction; 10.1 Interaction of Intense X-Ray Radiation with Atoms and Molecules; 10.2 Interaction of Intense X-Ray Pulses with Atomic Clusters; 10.3 Biological Imaging; 10.4 X-Ray Scattering Diagnostics of Dense Plasmas; References; Index 330 $a"Filling the need for a book bridging the effect of matter on X-ray radiation and the interaction of x-rays with plasmas, this monograph provides comprehensive coverage of the topic. As such, it presents and explains such powerful new X-ray sources as X-ray free-electron lasers, as well as short pulse interactions with solids, clusters, molecules, and plasmas, and X-ray matter interactions as a diagnostic tool"--Back cover. 606 $aX-rays$xScattering 606 $aMaterials$xEffect of radiation on 606 $aX-ray microanalysis 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aX-rays$xScattering. 615 0$aMaterials$xEffect of radiation on. 615 0$aX-ray microanalysis. 676 $a539.7222 700 $aHau-Riege$b Stefan P.$0914388 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910130960903321 996 $aHigh-intensity X-rays - interaction with matter$92118274 997 $aUNINA LEADER 04781nam 2200685 a 450 001 9910780058003321 005 20230907215007.0 010 $a1-282-75315-0 010 $a9786612753152 010 $a1-4008-2214-9 010 $a1-4008-1243-7 024 7 $a10.1515/9781400822140 035 $a(CKB)111056486501392 035 $a(EBL)617293 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000250468 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11200700 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000250468 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10249901 035 $a(PQKB)11351314 035 $a(OCoLC)51493835 035 $a(MdBmJHUP)muse36014 035 $a(DE-B1597)446100 035 $a(OCoLC)979749077 035 $a(DE-B1597)9781400822140 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL617293 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10035894 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL275315 035 $a(OCoLC)705527018 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC617293 035 $a(PPN)170247171 035 $a(EXLCZ)99111056486501392 100 $a19960408d1997 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aStalinist science$b[electronic resource] /$fNikolai Krementsov 205 $aCourse Book 210 $aPrinceton, NJ $cPrinceton University Press$dc1997 215 $a1 online resource (390 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-691-02877-X 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. [307]-358) and indexes. 327 $tFront matter --$tCONTENTS --$tLIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES --$tPREFACE --$tLIST OF ABBREVIATIONS --$tINTRODUCTION --$tPART I: THE MAKING OF STALINIST SCIENCE --$tIntroduction --$tCHAPTER 1. Russian Science in Transition, 1890-1929 --$tCHAPTER 2. The Stalinization of Russian Science, 1929-1939 --$tCHAPTER 3. Stalinist Science in Action: The Case of Genetics --$tKEY EVENTS, 1917-1939 --$tPART II: STALINIST SCIENCE IN THE 1940's --$tIntroduction --$tCHAPTER 4. World War II and the Sweet Fruits of Victory --$tCHAPTER 5. On the Threshold of the Cold War, 1946-1947 --$tCHAPTER 6. The Fateful Year: 1948 --$tKEY EVENTS, 1941-1953 --$tPART III: THE CONSOLIDATION OF STALINIST SCIENCE --$tIntroduction --$tCHAPTER 7. Talking the Talk: Ritual and Rhetoric --$tCHAPTER 8. Walking the Walk: Education versus Research --$tCHAPTER 9. The Realities of Stalinist Science: Careerism and Institutional Rivalry --$tCONCLUSION --$tAPPENDIX A: Stalinist Scientific "Newspeak": A Glossary --$tAPPENDIX B: Key Figures --$tNOTES --$tNAME INDEX --$tSUBJECT INDEX 330 $aSome scholars have viewed the Soviet state and science as two monolithic entities--with bureaucrats as oppressors, and scientists as defenders of intellectual autonomy. Based on previously unknown documents from the archives of state and Communist Party agencies and of numerous scientific institutions, Stalinist Science shows that this picture is oversimplified. Even the reinstated Science Department within the Central Committee was staffed by a leading geneticist and others sympathetic to conventional science. In fact, a symbiosis of state bureaucrats and scientists established a much more terrifying system of control over the scientific community than any critic of Soviet totalitarianism had feared. Some scientists, on the other hand, developed more elaborate devices to avoid and exploit this control system than any advocate of academic freedom could have reasonably hoped. Nikolai Krementsov argues that the model of Stalinist science, already taking hold during the thirties, was reversed by the need for inter-Allied cooperation during World War II. Science, as a tool for winning the war and as a diplomatic and propaganda instrument, began to enjoy higher status, better funding, and relative autonomy. Even the reinstated Science Department within the Central Committee was staffed by a leading geneticist and others sympathetic to conventional science. However, the onset of the Cold War led to a campaign for eliminating such servility to the West. Then the Western links that had benefited genetics and other sciences during the war and through 1946 became a liability, and were used by Lysenko and others to turn back to the repressive past and to delegitimate whole research directions. 606 $aScience$zSoviet Union$xHistory$y20th century 606 $aCommunism$zSoviet Union$xHistory$y20th century 607 $aSoviet Union$xPolitics and government$y1936-1953 615 0$aScience$xHistory 615 0$aCommunism$xHistory 676 $a306.4/5/090470904 700 $aKrement?sov$b N. L$0996831 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910780058003321 996 $aStalinist science$93674534 997 $aUNINA