LEADER 01029nam0-22003491i-450- 001 990003101190403321 005 20091126103954.0 010 $a255-36035-5 035 $a000310119 035 $aFED01000310119 035 $a(Aleph)000310119FED01 035 $a000310119 100 $a20030910d1972----km-y0itay50------ba 101 0 $aeng 102 $aIT 200 1 $aInflation$eEconomy and Society$eTwelve Papers by Economists, Businessmen and Politicians on Causes, Consequences, Cures$fLord Robbins...[et al.]. 205 $a1. ed. 210 $aLondon$cInstitute of Economic Affairs$d1972. 215 $aIX, 136 p.$d20 cm 225 1 $aIEA readings$v14 676 $aJ/1.52 702 1$aRobbins,$bLionel$f<1898-1984> 712 02$aInstitute of economic affairs$c 801 0$aIT$bUNINA$gRICA$2UNIMARC 901 $aBK 912 $a990003101190403321 952 $aA/71 IEA$b7188$fSES 952 $aE3.145$b5673$fDECTS 959 $aSES 959 $aDECTS 996 $aInflation$957962 997 $aUNINA LEADER 03806nam 22005893a 450 001 9910714504303321 005 20230114020419 035 $a(CaOOCEL)225560 035 $a(CKB)4330000000500893 035 $a(CaBNVSL)rjv00106104 035 $a(OCoLC)758076238 035 $a(VaAlCD)20.500.12592/r2fw4h 035 $a(EXLCZ)994330000000500893 071 60$a225560$bCaOOCEL$q(Public Documents) 100 $a20110123h20102008 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||n|| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aRenewable energy as a hedge against fuel price fluctuation $ehow to capture the benefits /$f[written by Dan Lieberman and Siobhan Doherty] 210 $aMontreal, Que. $cCommission for Environmental Cooperation$d2008 215 $a1 electronic text (51 p.) $ccol. ill., digital file 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. 49-51). 327 $aExecutive summary. 327 $aIntroduction. 327 $aI. The problem of pricing volatility. 327 $aII. The price stability benefits of renewable energy. Wind -- Geothermal -- Solar -- Renewable energy certificates -- Comparison to fossil fuels. 327 $aIII. How can the price stability benefits be conveyed to customers? Utility and energy marketing models. Long-term fixed contracts with non-residential customers ; Adjustments to monthly bills ; Contracts for differences (CFD) ; Fuel switching from fossil to renewable fuels -- Customer side of the meter models. On-site solar service model ; On-site generation ; Time-of-use metering combined with solar net metering -- Policy-driven models. Renewable portfolio standards -- Integrated resource planning. Public benefit funds. 327 $aIV. Case studies. Case study: California renewable portfolio standard -- Case study: the solar services model of Sunedison -- Case study: contract for differences - City of Calgary, Alberta, Canada. 327 $aV. Program recommendations/conclusion. 327 $aAdditional informational resources. 330 $aIn a time of fuel price fluctuation, the use of renewable energy may offer, along with environmental benefits, greater stabilization of electricity costs. The pricing volatility of fossil fuels, along with the difficulty of forecasting fossil fuel prices, puts energy customers and providers at risk from fluctuating energy rates. As an alternative, this paper explores the potential for renewable energy to serve as a financial "hedge", reducing exposure to fuel price risk. Renewable energy generation brings with it the price stability benefits of free-fuel generation from emerging technologies such as solar, wind, small hydro, and geothermal sources. Renewable energy costs tend to be stable or decreasing over time, compared to rising or fluctuating costs for fossil fuel. With certain factors in place, it has been demonstrated that renewable energy can be effectively priced at or below the cost of conventional sources. 606 $aRenewable energy sources$xEconomic aspects$zNorth America 606 $aElectric power$xPrice policy$zNorth America 606 $aEnergy policy$zNorth America 606 $a........$2Iptcnc 615 0$aRenewable energy sources$xEconomic aspects 615 0$aElectric power$xPrice policy. 615 0$aEnergy policy 615 7$a......... 676 $a333.79/4/097 700 $aLieberman$b Dan$01815921 701 $aDoherty$b Siobhan$01815922 712 02$aCommission for Environmental Cooperation (Montre?al, Que?bec) 801 0$bCaBNVSL 801 1$bCaBNVSL 801 2$bVaAlCD 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910714504303321 996 $aRenewable energy as a hedge against fuel price fluctuation$94371543 997 $aUNINA