00848cam0 2200253 450 E60020003702320190702160132.020080516d1990 |||||ita|0103 baitaITXXIV rapporto/1990 sulla stuazione sociale del paese predisposto dal CENSIS con il patrocinio del CNEL.MilanoFranco Angeli1990678 p.50 tab.24 cm.(mr)*CENSIS (Centro Studi Investimenti Sociali)A6002000257160709271ITUNISOB20190702RICAUNISOBUNISOB30064769E600200037023M 102 Monografia moderna SBNM300LI (51)Si64769massimoUNISOBUNISOB20080516080837.020190702160132.0bethbXXIV rapporto1685532UNISOB01239nam 2200433 450 991079231930332120230808200748.01-68108-371-X(CKB)3710000000966275(MiAaPQ)EBC4768351(EXLCZ)99371000000096627520161223h20162016 uy 0engurcnu||||||||rdacontentrdamediardacarrierPain causes, concerns and consequences /edited by Puneetpal Singh & Monica SinghSharjah, United Arab Emirates :Bentham Books,2016.©20161 online resource (209 pages) illustrations1-68108-372-8 Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.PainPainCongressesPainAlternative treatmentPain.PainPainAlternative treatment.616.0472Singh PuneetpalSingh MonicaMiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910792319303321Pain789325UNINA04554nim 2200421Ka 450 991015194840332120250814103520.91-5094-2178-5(CKB)3710000000953691(ODN)ODN0003210892(EXLCZ)99371000000095369120190331d2016 uy 0enguruna---|||||spwrdacontentsrdamediacrdamediacrrdacarrierSubmarine warfare in the atlantic The history of the fighting under the waves between the allies and nazi germany during world war ii. /Charles River EditorsUnabridged.Solon Charles River Editors20161 online resource (2 audio files) digitalUnabridged.Danger prowled under both the cold gray waters of the North Sea and the shimmering blue waves of the tropical Atlantic during World War II as Adolf Hitler's Third Reich attempted to strangle Allied shipping lanes with U-boat attacks. German and British submarines combed the vast oceanic battlefield for prey, while scientists developed new technologies and countermeasures. Submarine warfare began tentatively during the American Civil War (though the Netherlands and England made small prototypes centuries earlier, and the American sergeant Ezra Lee piloted the one-man "Turtle" vainly against HMS Eagle near New York in 1776). Britisher Robert Whitehead's invention of the torpedo introduced the weapon later used most frequently by submarines. Steady improvements to Whitehead's design led to the military torpedoes deployed against shipping during both World Wars. World War I witnessed the First Battle of the Atlantic, when the Kaiserreich unleashed its U-boats against England. During the war's 52.5 months, the German submarines sent much of the British merchant marine to the bottom. Indeed, German reliance on U-boats in both World War I and World War II stemmed largely from their nation's geography. The Germans eventually recognized the primacy of the Royal Navy and its capacity to blockade Germany's short coastline in the event of war. While the British could easily interdict surface ships, submarines slipped from their Kiel or Hamburg anchorages unseen, able to prey upon England's merchant shipping. During World War I, German U-boats operated solo except on one occasion. Initially, the British and nations supplying England with food and materiel scattered vessels singly across the ocean, making them vulnerable to the lone submarines. However, widespread late war re-adoption of the convoy system tipped the odds in the surface ships' favor, as one U-boat skipper described: "The oceans at once became bare and empty; for long periods at a time the U-boats, operating individually, would see nothing at all; and then suddenly up would loom a huge concourse of ships, thirty or fifty or more of them, surrounded by a strong escort of warships of all types." (Blair, 1996, 55). World War I proved the value of submarines, ensuring their widespread employment in the next conflict. Besides Germany and Britain, Japan and the United States also built extensive submarine fleets before and/or during the war. One critical innovation in World War II's Atlantic U-boat operations consisted of wolf-pack tactics, in which Admiral Karl Dönitz put great faith: "The greater the number of U-boats that could be brought simultaneously into the attack, the more favourable would become the opportunities offered to each individual attacker. [...] it was obvious that, on strategic and general tactical grounds, attacks on convoys must be carried out by a number of U-boats acting in unison." (Dönitz, 1990, 4). However, even the wolf-pack proved insufficient to defeat the Atlantic convoys and stop Allied commerce – the precise opposite of the Pacific theater, where America's excellent submarine forces annihilated much of Japan's merchant marine and inflicted severe damage on the Imperial Japanese Navy.Submarine Warfare in the AtlanticNonfictionOverDriveHistoryOverDriveMilitaryOverDriveNonfiction.History.Military.HIS014000HIS027100HIS037070bisacshEditors Charles River1843297Gallagher Dan1843298AUDIO9910151948403321Submarine warfare in the atlantic4428021UNINA