05396oam 22012974 450 991096088530332120250426110732.09786612844034978146239108014623910879781452709703145270970X9781282844032128284403297814518734121451873417(CKB)3170000000055344(SSID)ssj0000943013(PQKBManifestationID)11505578(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000943013(PQKBWorkID)10975129(PQKB)10040228(OCoLC)649468877(MiAaPQ)EBC1608817(IMF)WPIEE2009194(IMF)WPIEA2009194WPIEA2009194(EXLCZ)99317000000005534420020129d2009 uf 0engurcn|||||||||txtccrPolitical Risk Aversion /Laura Valderrama1st ed.Washington, D.C. :International Monetary Fund,2009.26 p. illIMF Working PapersBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph9781451917659 1451917651 Includes bibliographical references.Cover Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- I. Introduction -- II. Basic Model -- A. Economic Environment -- B. Technology Choice -- C. Aggregate Uncertainty -- III. Institutional Reform -- A. Outside Ownership -- B. Endogenizing Ownership -- C. Dominated Employee Ownership -- IV. Efficieny, Innovation, and Labor Mobility -- A. Partnership Efficiency -- 1. Technological and Institutional Efficiency -- B. Institutional Efficiency -- 2. Endogeneous ownership -- V. Discussion -- A. How does the model fit the facts? -- B. Foundations of Individual Uncertainty -- C. Heterogeneous Investors -- VI. Related Literature -- VII. Concluding Remarks -- References -- Footnotes.This paper studies the effect of individual uncertainty on collective decision-making to implement innovation. We show how individual uncertainty creates a bias for the status quo even under irreversible voting decisions, in contrast with Fernandez and Rodrik (1991). Blocking innovation is rooted in the aversion to the potential loss of political clout in future voting decisions. Thus, risk neutral individuals exhibit what we call political risk aversion. Yet individual uncertainty is not all bad news as it may open the door to institutional reform. We endogenize institutional reform and show a non-monotonic relationship between institutional efficiency and the size of innovation.IMF Working Papers; Working Paper ;No. 2009/194UncertaintyRational expectations (Economic theory)Diffusion ProcessesimfEmerging technologiesimfGeneral issuesimfGeographic Labor MobilityimfImmigrant WorkersimfIncome economicsimfIndustrial productivityimfIndustries: Information TechnololgyimfInformation technology industriesimfInnovationimfIntellectual Property Rights: GeneralimfInventions & inventorsimfInventionsimfLabor mobilityimfLaborimfLabourimfMacroeconomicsimfMacroeconomics: ProductionimfProduction and Operations ManagementimfProductivityimfResearch and DevelopmentimfTechnological ChangeimfTechnological Change: Choices and ConsequencesimfTechnological innovationimfTechnological innovationsimfTechnologyimfChina, People's Republic ofimfUncertainty.Rational expectations (Economic theory)Diffusion ProcessesEmerging technologiesGeneral issuesGeographic Labor MobilityImmigrant WorkersIncome economicsIndustrial productivityIndustries: Information TechnololgyInformation technology industriesInnovationIntellectual Property Rights: GeneralInventions & inventorsInventionsLabor mobilityLaborLabourMacroeconomicsMacroeconomics: ProductionProduction and Operations ManagementProductivityResearch and DevelopmentTechnological ChangeTechnological Change: Choices and ConsequencesTechnological innovationTechnological innovationsTechnology338.04;338.0409Valderrama Laura1815686International Monetary Fund.DcWaIMFBOOK9910960885303321Political Risk Aversion4372316UNINA01306nam a2200217 u 450099100430851980753620250707135207.0240226t1880 it r 001 0 ita dBibl. Interfacoltà T. PellegrinoitaSocioculturale Scs630.9457523Monografia circa lo stato di fatto dell'agricoltura e della classe agricola dei singoli circondari della provincia di terra d'Otranto :sul programma della Giunta per l'inchiesta agraria pubblicato nella Gazzetta ufficiale del Regno,24 dicembre 1878, n. 302 ... /compilata da Gennaro Pacces ...[et al.]Lecce :Stabilimto tipografico Scipione Ammirato,1880180 p. ;32 cmIn testa al frontespizio: Inchiesta agraria e sulle condizioni della classe agricola in Italia (Legge 15 marzo 1877)ContadiniTerra d'Otranto1877Condizioni economiche e socialiAgricolturaTerra d'Otranto1877Terra d'OtrantoAgricolturaInchiestePacces, Gennaroauthorhttp://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut1725464991004308519807536Monografia circa lo stato di fatto dell'agricoltura e della classe agricola dei singoli circondari della provincia di terra d'Otranto4128554UNISALENTO