03710nam a2200349Ii 4500991003220239707536070806s2001 ne a sb 001 0 eng d97800804267920080426794b13650658-39ule_instBibl. Dip.le Aggr. Ingegneria Innovazione - Sez. Ingegneria Innovazioneeng620.1122Cahn, Robert W.,1924-200752381The coming of materials science[e-book] /by Robert W. CahnAmsterdam :New York :Pergamon2001xvii, 568 p. :ill. ;25 cmPergamon materials series ;v. 5Includes bibliographical references and indexesIntroduction. The Emergence of Disciplines. Precursors of Materials Science. The Virtues of Subsidiarity. The Escape from Handwaving. Characterization. Functional Materials. The Polymer Revolution. Craft Turned into Science. Materials in Extreme States. Materials Chemistry and Biomimetics. Computer Simulation. The Management of Data. The Institutions and Literature of Materials Science. Epilogue. Name Index. Subject IndexThe Coming of Materials Science both covers the discipline of materials science, and draws an impressionistic map of the present state of the subject. The first chapter examines the emergence of the materials science concept, in both academe and industry. The second and third chapters delve back into the prehistory of materials science, examining the growth of such concepts as atoms, crystals and thermodynamics, and also examine the evolution of a number of neighbouring disciplines, to see what helpful parallels might emerge. The book contains numerous literature references. Many refer to the earliest key papers and books, while others are to sources, often books, offering a view of the present state of a topic. Early references are to the past but as the book continues, it brings the reader up to date with more recent sources. The author, Professor Robert Cahn FRS, has striven to be critical about the history of the discipline of materials science and to draw general conclusions about scientific practice from what he has discovered about the evolution of materials science. Further issues that the book highlights include: What is a scientific discipline? How do disciplines merge and differentiate? Can a discipline also be interdisciplinary? Is materials science a real discipline? A large range of themes is presented in the book and readers are invited to interact with the author if they reach alternative conclusions. This book is not just for reading and reference, but exists to stimulate thought and provoke discussion as wellElectronic reproduction.Amsterdam :Elsevier Science & Technology,2007.Mode of access: World Wide Web.System requirements: Web browser.Title from title screen (viewed on Aug. 2, 2007).Access may be restricted to users at subscribing institutionsMaterials scienceElectronic books.localOriginal00804267949780080426792(DLC) 00065565(OCoLC)45493085Referexhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/book/9780080426792An electronic book accessible through the World Wide Web; click for informationPublisher descriptionhttp://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0610/00065565-d.htmlTable of contents onlyhttp://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0610/00065565-t.html.b1365065803-03-2224-01-08991003220239707536Coming of materials science1213504UNISALENTOle02624-01-08m@ -engne 4004944nam 22005535 450 991025389500332120250609111212.03-319-33826-910.1007/978-3-319-33826-2(CKB)3710000000873117(DE-He213)978-3-319-33826-2(MiAaPQ)EBC4697485(PPN)195507665(MiAaPQ)EBC6235585(EXLCZ)99371000000087311720160926d2016 u| 0engurnn#008mamaatxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierValidation of Alternative Methods for Toxicity Testing /edited by Chantra Eskes, Maurice Whelan1st ed. 2016.Cham :Springer International Publishing :Imprint: Springer,2016.1 online resource (XX, 407 p. 44 illus., 40 illus. in color.)Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology,0065-2598 ;856Print version: Validation of alternative methods for toxicity testing. [Cham, Switzerland] : Springer, c2016 xx, 407 pages Advances in experimental medicine and biology ; Volume 856. 9783319338248 Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.Introduction -- Validation in support of internationally harmonised OECD Test Guidelines for assessing the safety of chemicals -- Regulatory acceptance of alternative methods in the development and approval of pharmaceuticals -- Validation of alternative in vitro methods to animal testing: concepts, challenges, processes and tools -- Practical aspects of designing and conducting validation studies involving multi-study trials -- Validation of computational methods -- Implementation of New Test Methods into Practical Testing -- Pathway Based Toxicology and Fit-for-Purpose Assays -- Evidence-based toxicology -- Validation of transcriptomics-based in vitro methods -- Ensuring the quality of stem cell-derived in vitro models for toxicity testing -- Validation of bioreactor and human-on-a-chip devices for chemical safety assessment -- Integrated approaches to testing and assessment -- International harmonization and cooperation in the validation of alternative methods -- Evolving the principles and practice of validation for new alternative approaches to toxicity testing. .This book provides information on best practices and new thinking regarding the validation of alternative methods for toxicity testing. It covers the validation of experimental and computational methods and integrated approaches to testing and assessment. Validation strategies are discussed for methods employing the latest technologies such as tissue-on-a-chip systems, stem cells and transcriptomics, and for methods derived from pathway-based concepts in toxicology. Validation of Alternative Methods for Toxicity Testing is divided into two sections, in the first, practical insights are given on the state-of-the-art and on approaches that have resulted in successfully validated and accepted alternative methods. The second section focuses on the evolution of validation principles and practice that are necessary to ensure fit-for-purpose validation that has the greatest impact on international regulatory acceptance of alternative methods. In this context validation needs to keep pace with the considerable scientific advancements being made in toxicology, the availability of sophisticated tools and techniques that can be applied in a variety of ways, and the increasing societal and regulatory demands for better safety assessment. This book will be a useful resource for scientists in the field of toxicology, both from industry and academia, developing new test methods, strategies or techniques, as well as Governmental and regulatory authorities interested in understanding the principles and practicalities of validation of alternative methods for toxicity testing. .Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology,0065-2598 ;856Pharmaceutical technologyMolecular biologyPharmaceutical Sciences/Technologyhttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/B21010Molecular Medicinehttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/B1700XPharmaceutical technology.Molecular biology.Pharmaceutical Sciences/Technology.Molecular Medicine.615.704028Eskes Chantraedthttp://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/edtWhelan Mauriceedthttp://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/edtMiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910253895003321Validation of Alternative Methods for Toxicity Testing2527120UNINA