01400nam a22003131i 450099100041536970753620040826150825.0040920s1989 it |||||||||||||||||ita 8845303632b13217161-39ule_instARCHE-116340ExLSet. EconomiaitaA.t.i. Arché s.c.r.l. Pandora Sicilia s.r.l.004Italiani, Mario1069Elementi di informatica :algoritmi, architetture, strutture dati, linguaggi di programmazione, Pascal, sistemi operativi, Unix /Mario Italiani, Giuseppe Serazzi2. ed.[Milano] :ETAS libri,1989556 p. ;25 cmInformaticaInformaticaSerazzi, Giuseppeauthorhttp://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut751.b1321716123-09-1423-09-04991000415369707536LE025 ECO 004 ITA01.0112025000044050le025-E0.00-l- 01010.i1010292927-06-02LE025 ECO 004 ITA01.01 22025000196025le025C. 1-E0.00-l- 00000.i1387288623-09-04LE025 ECO 004 ITA01.01 32025000196421le025C. 2-E0.00-l- 02020.i1387289823-09-04Elementi di informatica52033UNISALENTOle02523-09-04ma -itait 0203410nam 22005053u 450 991078632530332120230126205849.01-283-71421-31-4422-1813-4(CKB)2670000000278047(EBL)1050224(MiAaPQ)EBC1050224(EXLCZ)99267000000027804720130624d2012|||| u|| |engur|n|---|||||North Korea in Transition[electronic resource] Politics, Economy, and SocietyLanham Rowman & Littlefield Publishers20121 online resource (329 p.)Description based upon print version of record.1-4422-1812-6 Contents; Introduction; Part I. NORTH KOREA'S POLITICAL SYSTEM IN THE TRANSITION ERA; Chapter One. The Role and Influence of Ideology; Chapter Two. The Role and Influence of the Party Apparatus; Chapter Three. The Roles and Influence of the Military; Chapter Four. The Kims' Three Bodies: Toward Understanding Dynastic Succession in North Korea; Chapter Five. North Korea after Kim Jong Il; Part II. PROSPECTS FOR THE NORTH KOREAN ECONOMY; Chapter Six. Western Aid: The Missing Link for North Korea's Economic Revival?; Chapter Seven. Future Strategies for Economic Engagement with North KoreaPart III. NORTH KOREAN SOCIETY AND CULTURE IN TRANSITIONChapter Eight. Low-Profile Capitalism: The Emergence of the New Merchant/Entrepreneurial Class in Post-Famine North Korea; Chapter Nine. "Cultural Pollution" from the South?; Part IV. FOREIGN RELATIONS IN THE TRANSITION ERA; Chapter Ten. Changes and Continuities in Pyongyang's China Policy; Chapter Eleven. Changes and Continuities in Inter-Korean Relations; Chapter Twelve. North Korea's Relations with the United States and the Rest of the World; Part V. CONCLUSION; Chapter Thirteen. North Korea in Transition: Evolution or Revolution?IndexAbout the ContributorsFollowing the death of Kim Jong Il, North Korea has entered a period of profound transformation laden with uncertainty. This authoritative book brings together the world's leading North Korea experts to analyze both the challenges and prospects the country is facing. Drawing on the contributors' expertise across a range of disciplines, the book examines North Korea's political, economic, social, and foreign policy concerns. Comprehensive and deeply knowledgeable, their analysis is especially crucial given the power consolidation efforts of the new leadership underway in Pyongyang and the impliKorea (North) -- Economic policyKorea (North) -- Politics and governmentKorea (North) -- Social conditionsKorea (North) -- Social life and customsPolitical culture -- Korea (North)Korea (North) -- Economic policy.Korea (North) -- Politics and government.Korea (North) -- Social conditions.Korea (North) -- Social life and customs.Political culture -- Korea (North).320.95193Park Kyung-Ae30169Snyder Scott741591AU-PeELAU-PeELAU-PeELBOOK9910786325303321North Korea in Transition3703900UNINA12285nam 2200553 450 991083014170332120240219153729.01-119-23232-51-119-23235-X1-119-23230-910.1002/9781119232353(CKB)3710000000610925(EBL)4435637(MiAaPQ)EBC4435637(CaBNVSL)mat07461001(IDAMS)0b00006485135787(IEEE)7461001(PPN)273204971(EXLCZ)99371000000061092520160520d2016 uy engur|n|---|||||rdacontentrdamediardacarrierLean computing for the cloud /Eric BauerPiscataway, New Jersey :IEEE Press, 2016.Hoboken, New Jersey :John Wiley & Sons,2016.[Piscataqay, New Jersey] :IEEE Xplore,[2016]1 online resource (255 p.)Description based upon print version of record.1-119-23187-6 Includes bibliographical references and index.Introduction xi -- Acknowledgments xv -- Abbreviations xvii -- 1. Basics 1 -- 1.1 Cloud Computing Fundamentals 1 -- 1.2 Roles in Cloud Computing 6 -- 1.3 Applications 9 -- 1.3.1 Application Service Quality 11 -- 1.4 Demand, Supply, Capacity, and Fungibility 13 -- 1.5 Demand Variability 16 -- 1.6 Chapter Review 18 -- 2. Rethinking Capacity Management 19 -- 2.1 Capacity Management 19 -- 2.2 Demand Management 21 -- 2.3 Performance Management 21 -- 2.4 Canonical Capacity Management 23 -- 2.4.1 Traditional Capacity Management 24 -- 2.4.2 ITIL Capacity Management 27 -- 2.4.3 eTOM Capacity Management 28 -- 2.4.4 Discussion 30 -- 2.5 Three Cloud Capacity Management Problems 30 -- 2.5.1 Physical Resource Capacity Management 31 -- 2.5.2 Virtual Resource Capacity Management 32 -- 2.5.3 Application Capacity Management 33 -- 2.6 Cloud Capacity Management as a Value Chain 36 -- 2.7 Chapter Review 39 -- 3. Lean Thinking on Cloud Capacity Management 41 -- 3.1 Lean Thinking Overview 41 -- 3.2 Goal 42 -- 3.3 Seeing Waste (Nonvalue-Adding Activities) 43 -- 3.3.1 Reserve Capacity 45 -- 3.3.2 Excess Application Capacity 46 -- 3.3.3 Excess Online Infrastructure Capacity 46 -- 3.3.4 Excess Physical Infrastructure Capacity 46 -- 3.3.5 Inadequate Capacity 47 -- 3.3.6 Infrastructure Overhead 48 -- 3.3.7 Capacity Management Overhead 48 -- 3.3.8 Resource Overhead 49 -- 3.3.9 Power Management Overhead 50 -- 3.3.10 Workload Migration 50 -- 3.3.11 Complexity Overhead 51 -- 3.3.12 Resource Allocation Failure 51 -- 3.3.13 Leaking and Lost Resources 53 -- 3.3.14 Waste Heat 53 -- 3.3.15 Carbon Footprint 54 -- 3.4 Key Principles 54 -- 3.4.1 Move toward Flow 55 -- 3.4.2 Pull versus Push 55 -- 3.4.3 Level the Workload 55 -- 3.4.4 Stop and Fix Problems 55 -- 3.4.5 Master Practices 56 -- 3.4.6 Visual Management 57 -- 3.4.7 Use Well-Tested Technology 57 -- 3.4.8 Take a Long-Term Perspective 58 -- 3.4.9 Grow, Learn, and Teach Others 58 -- 3.4.10 Develop Exceptional People 58 -- 3.4.11 Partners Help Each Other Improve 58.3.4.12 Go See 59 -- 3.4.13 Implement Rapidly 59 -- 3.4.14 Become a Learning Organization 59 -- 3.5 Pillar: Respect 59 -- 3.6 Pillar: Continuous Improvement 61 -- 3.7 Foundation 62 -- 3.8 Cadence 62 -- 3.9 Lean Capacity Management Philosophy 63 -- 3.10 Chapter Review 64 -- 4. Lean Cloud Capacity Management Strategy 67 -- 4.1 Lean Application Service Provider Strategy 68 -- 4.1.1 User Workload Placement 71 -- 4.1.2 Application Performance Management 73 -- 4.2 Lean Infrastructure Service Provider Strategies 73 -- 4.2.1 Physical Resource Capacity Management 76 -- 4.3 Full Stream Optimization 77 -- 4.4 Chapter Review 79 -- 5. Electric Power Generation as Cloud Infrastructure Analog 81 -- 5.1 Power Generation as a Cloud Infrastructure Analog 81 -- 5.2 Business Context 83 -- 5.3 Business Structure 86 -- 5.4 Technical Similarities 88 -- 5.5 Impedance and Fungibility 91 -- 5.6 Capacity Ratings 94 -- 5.7 Bottled Capacity 95 -- 5.8 Location of Production Considerations 95 -- 5.9 Demand Management 97 -- 5.10 Demand and Reserves 98 -- 5.11 Service Curtailment 99 -- 5.12 Balance and Grid Operations 100 -- 5.13 Chapter Review 103 -- 6. Application Capacity Management as an Inventory Management Problem 105 -- 6.1 The Application Capacity Management Service Delivery Chain 105 -- 6.2 Traditional Application Service Production Chain 107 -- 6.3 Elasticity and Demand-Driven Capacity Management 108 -- 6.4 Application Service as Retail Analog 110 -- 6.4.1 Locational Consideration 112 -- 6.4.2 Inventory and Capacity 112 -- 6.4.3 Service Level 113 -- 6.4.4 Inventory Carrying Costs 114 -- 6.4.5 Inventory Decision, Planning, and Ordering 115 -- 6.4.6 Agility 118 -- 6.4.7 Changing Consumption Patterns 118 -- 6.5 Chapter Review 118 -- 7. Lean Demand Management 119 -- 7.1 Infrastructure Demand Management Techniques 120 -- 7.1.1 Resource Scheduling 121 -- 7.1.2 Resource Curtailment 121 -- 7.1.3 Mandatory Demand Shaping 122 -- 7.1.4 Voluntary Demand Shaping 123 -- 7.1.5 Scheduling Maintenance Actions 123.7.1.6 Resource Pricing 123 -- 7.2 Application Demand Management Techniques 124 -- 7.2.1 Queues and Buffers 124 -- 7.2.2 Load Balancers 124 -- 7.2.3 Overload Controls 125 -- 7.2.4 Explicit Demand Management Actions 125 -- 7.2.5 Scheduling Maintenance Actions 125 -- 7.2.6 User Pricing Strategies 126 -- 7.3 Full Stream Analysis Methodology 126 -- 7.3.1 Analyze Applications' Natural Demand Patterns 127 -- 7.3.2 Analyze Applications' Tolerances 128 -- 7.3.3 Create Attractive Infrastructure Pricing Models 129 -- 7.3.4 Deploy Optimal Infrastructure Demand Management Models 130 -- 7.4 Chapter Review 131 -- 8. Lean Reserves 133 -- 8.1 What Is Reserve Capacity? 133 -- 8.2 Uses of Reserve Capacity 135 -- 8.2.1 Random Demand Peaks 135 -- 8.2.2 Component or Resource Failure 136 -- 8.2.3 Infrastructure Element Failure 136 -- 8.2.4 Infrastructure Resource Curtailment or Demand Management Action 137 -- 8.2.5 Demand Exceeding Forecast 137 -- 8.2.6 Lead Time Demand 137 -- 8.2.7 Catastrophic Failures and Force Majeure Events 139 -- 8.3 Reserve Capacity as a Feature 139 -- 8.4 Types of Reserve Capacity 140 -- 8.4.1 Automatic Infrastructure Power Management Controls 140 -- 8.4.2 Utilize Application Reserve Capacity 141 -- 8.4.3 Place/Migrate Demand into Underutilized Capacity 141 -- 8.4.4 Grow Online Capacity 141 -- 8.4.5 Service Curtailment/Degradation 141 -- 8.4.6 Mandatory Demand Shaping 141 -- 8.4.7 Voluntary Demand Shaping 142 -- 8.4.8 Emergency Reserves 142 -- 8.5 Limits of Reserve Capacity 144 -- 8.6 Ideal Reserve 144 -- 8.6.1 Normal (Co-located) Reserve 144 -- 8.6.2 Emergency (Geographically Distributed) Reserve 146 -- 8.7 Chapter Review 147 -- 9. Lean Infrastructure Commitment 149 -- 9.1 Unit Commitment and Infrastructure Commitment 150 -- 9.2 Framing the Unit Commitment Problem 151 -- 9.3 Framing the Infrastructure Commitment Problem 153 -- 9.4 Understanding Element Startup Time 155 -- 9.5 Understanding Element Shutdown Time 157 -- 9.6 Pulling It All Together 160 -- 9.7 Chapter Review 166.10. Lean Cloud Capacity Management Performance Indicators 167 -- 10.1 Perfect Capacity Metrics 168 -- 10.2 Capacity Management Metrics 172 -- 10.3 Infrastructure Commitment Metrics 173 -- 10.4 Waste Metrics 174 -- 10.4.1 Reserve Capacity Waste Metrics 174 -- 10.4.2 Excess Application Capacity Metrics 175 -- 10.4.3 Excess Online Infrastructure Capacity Metrics 175 -- 10.4.4 Excess Physical Infrastructure Capacity Metrics 175 -- 10.4.5 Inadequate Capacity Metrics 175 -- 10.4.6 Infrastructure Overhead Waste Metrics 176 -- 10.4.7 Capacity Management Overhead Waste Metrics 176 -- 10.4.8 Resource Overhead Waste Metrics 176 -- 10.4.9 Power Management Overhead Waste Metrics 177 -- 10.4.10 Workload Migration Metrics 177 -- 10.4.11 Complexity Overhead Metrics 178 -- 10.4.12 Resource Allocation Failure Metrics 178 -- 10.4.13 Leaking and Lost Resources 179 -- 10.4.14 Waste Heat Metrics 179 -- 10.4.15 Carbon Footprint Metrics 180 -- 10.5 Key Principle Indicators 180 -- 10.6 Cost of Poor Quality 181 -- 10.7 Metrics and Service Boundaries 182 -- 10.8 Measurements and Maturity 183 -- 10.9 Chapter Review 185 -- 11. Summary 187 -- 11.1 Cloud Computing as a Service Delivery Chain 187 -- 11.2 Lean Cloud Computing 190 -- 11.3 Reimagining Cloud Capacity 192 -- 11.4 Lean Demand Management 195 -- 11.5 Lean Reserves 197 -- 11.6 Lean Infrastructure Service Provider Considerations 198 -- 11.7 Lean Application Service Provider Considerations 198 -- 11.8 Lean Infrastructure Commitment 199 -- 11.9 Visualizing Perfect Capacity 201 -- 11.10 Lean Cloud Computing Metrics 203 -- 11.11 Concluding Remarks 204 -- References 207 -- About the Author 211 -- Index 213.Applies lean manufacturing principles across the cloud service delivery chain to enable application and infrastructure service providers to sustainably achieve the shortest lead time, best quality, and value This book focuses on lean in the context of cloud computing capacity management of applications and the physical and virtual cloud resources that support them. Lean Computing for the Cloud considers business, architectural and operational aspects of efficiently delivering valuable services to end users via cloud-based applications hosted on shared cloud infrastructure. The work also focuses on overall optimization of the service delivery chain to enable both application service and infrastructure service providers to adopt leaner, demand driven operations to serve end users more efficiently. The book's early chapters analyze how capacity management morphs with cloud computing into interlocked physical infrastructure capacity management, virtual resource capacity management, and application capacity management problems. The middle chapters frame cloud capacity management as a lean thinking problem, lay out strategies for applying lean thinking best practices across the cloud service delivery chain, and apply key lean insights from other industries. Later chapters discuss lean reserve capacity, lean demand management, optimal power management, and quantitative performance metrics of lean capacity management, which can be used to methodically drive continuous improvement of lean cloud computing deployments. The final chapter summarizes the book's insights on lean strategies to minimize waste across the cloud computing service delivery chain. . Applies lean thinking across the cloud service delivery chain to recognize and minimize waste. Leverages lessons learned from electric power industry operations to operations of cloud infrastructure. Applies insights from just-in-time inventory management to operation of cloud based applications. Explains how traditional, Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) and Enhanced Telecom Operation Map (eTOM) capacity management evolves to lean computing for the cloud This book is geared toward professionals with business, operational, architectural, development, and quality backgrounds in the information and communication technology industry. Eric Bauer is Reliability Engineering Manager in the IP Platforms Group of Alcatel-Lucent. Before focusing on reliability engineering, Mr. Bauer spent two decades designing and developing embedded firmware, networked operating systems, internet platforms, and optical transmission systems. He has been awarded more than a dozen US patents, and has authored several books such as Service Quality of Cloud-Based Applications, Reliability and Availability of Cloud Computing, and Design for Reliability: Information and Computer-Based Systems, all of which were published by Wiley-IEEE Press. Mr. Bauer earned his BS in Electrical Engineering from Cornell University and MS in Electrical Engineering from Purdue University.Cloud computingCloud computing.004.6782Bauer Ericaut479708CaBNVSLCaBNVSLCaBNVSLBOOK9910830141703321Lean computing for the cloud3984772UNINA