04630nam 22006615 450 99646679970331620200704232650.03-642-24226-X10.1007/978-3-642-24226-7(CKB)2550000000064820(SSID)ssj0000610442(PQKBManifestationID)11373605(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000610442(PQKBWorkID)10638789(PQKB)11553373(DE-He213)978-3-642-24226-7(MiAaPQ)EBC3067500(PPN)177172010(EXLCZ)99255000000006482020111031d2012 u| 0engurnn|008mamaatxtccrNuclear Physics with Polarized Particles[electronic resource] /by Hans Paetz gen. Schieck1st ed. 2012.Berlin, Heidelberg :Springer Berlin Heidelberg :Imprint: Springer,2012.1 online resource (XV, 182 p. 68 illus.) Lecture Notes in Physics,0075-8450 ;842Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph3-642-24225-1 Includes bibliographical references and index.Dedication -- Preface -- Introduction -- Spin States and Spin Polarization -- Density Operator, Density Matrix -- Rotations, Angular Dependence of the Tensor Moments -- Description of Nuclear Reactions of Particles With Spin -- Partial Wave Expansion -- Charged-particle Versus Neutron-induced Reactions -- Sources and Targets of Polarized H and D Ions -- Polarization by Optical Pumping -- Production of Polarization by Other Methods -- Measurement of Polarization Observables -- Polarimetry -- Medical Applications -- "Polarized" Fusion -- Outlook -- List of References -- Index.The measurement of spin-polarization observables in reactions of nuclei and particles  is of great utility and advantage when the effects of single-spin sub-states are to be investigated. Indeed, the unpolarized differential cross-section encompasses the averaging over the spin states of the particles, and thus loses details of the interaction process. This introductory text combines, in a single volume, course-based lecture notes on spin physics and on polarized-ion sources with the aim of providing a concise yet self-contained starting point for newcomers to the field, as well as for lecturers in search of suitable material for their courses and seminars.   A significant part of the book is devoted to introducing the formal theory—a description of polarization and of nuclear reactions with polarized particles. The remainder of the text describes the physical basis of methods and devices necessary to perform experiments with polarized particles and to measure polarization and polarization effects in nuclear reactions. The book concludes with a brief review of modern applications in medicine and fusion energy research. For reasons of conciseness and of the pedagogical aims of this volume, examples are mainly taken from low-energy installations such as tandem Van de Graaff laboratories, although the emphasis of present research is shifting to medium- and high-energy nuclear physics. Consequently, this volume is restricted to describing non-relativistic processes and focuses on the energy range from astrophysical energies (a few keV) to tens of MeV. It is further restricted to polarimetry of hadronic particles.Lecture Notes in Physics,0075-8450 ;842Nuclear physicsHeavy ionsPhysical measurementsMeasurement   Quantum physicsNuclear Physics, Heavy Ions, Hadronshttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/P23010Measurement Science and Instrumentationhttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/P31040Quantum Physicshttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/P19080Nuclear physics.Heavy ions.Physical measurements.Measurement   .Quantum physics.Nuclear Physics, Heavy Ions, Hadrons.Measurement Science and Instrumentation.Quantum Physics.539.7092Paetz gen. Schieck Hansauthttp://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut515343BOOK996466799703316Nuclear Physics with Polarized Particles855616UNISA05355nam 2200673 a 450 991102035530332120200520144314.0978111869118211186911809780470022702047002270197804700226960470022698(CKB)2670000000397555(EBL)1319113(OCoLC)854521081(SSID)ssj0000950723(PQKBManifestationID)11551674(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000950723(PQKBWorkID)10881082(PQKB)10787205(MiAaPQ)EBC1319113(Perlego)1006931(EXLCZ)99267000000039755520050913d2005 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrScalable video on demand adaptive Internet-based distribution /Michael ZinkHoboken, N.J. J. Wiley & Sonsc20051 online resource (292 p.)Description based upon print version of record.9780470022689 047002268X Includes bibliographical references (p. [233]-244) and index.Cover; Title Page; Contents; List of Figures; List of Tables; About the Author; Acknowledgements; Acronyms; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Why Scalable Internet Video on Demand Systems?; 1.2 What is the Goal of this Book?; 1.3 Outline of this Book; 1.4 Who is this Book for?; 2 Scalable Adaptive Streaming Architecture; 2.1 Distributed Systems; 2.2 Replication; 2.2.1 Server-initiated Replication; 2.2.2 Client-initiated Caching; 2.3 Video Distribution System Terminology; 2.3.1 Origin Server; 2.3.2 Proxy Cache; 2.3.3 Cache Replacement; 2.3.4 Client; 2.3.5 Logical Overlay; 2.3.6 Video Object2.3.7 Video on Demand (VoD)2.4 Architecture; 2.4.1 A Snapshot of Today's Internet Infrastructure; 2.4.2 Advantages of Caching; 2.4.3 VoD without Scalable Adaptive Streaming; 2.4.4 System Scalability; 2.4.5 Content Scalability; 2.4.6 Combining System and Content Scalability; 2.4.7 VoD with Scalable Adaptive Streaming Support; 2.5 Scenario for Scalable Adaptive Streaming; 2.6 An Example Application for Scalable Adaptive Streaming; 3 Towards a Scalable Adaptive Streaming Architecture; 3.1 Products; 3.2 Standardization; 3.2.1 IETF; 3.2.2 DVB and DAVIC3.3 Content Scalability-Scalable Encoded Video3.3.1 Hierarchically Layer-encoded Video; 3.3.2 Fine Granularity Scalability; 3.3.3 Multiple Description Coding; 3.3.4 Comparison of Layered Encoding Approaches; 3.4 Congestion Control-TCP-friendliness; 3.4.1 The Window-based Approach; 3.4.2 The Rate-based Approach; 3.5 Adaptive Streaming-Streaming Layer-encoded Video without Caches; 3.6 System Scalability-Caches; 3.6.1 Partial Caching of Video Objects; 3.6.2 Time-based Partial Caching; 3.6.3 Bandwidth-based Partial Caching; 3.6.4 Disadvantages of Partial Video Caching3.7 Reliable Transport into Caches3.8 Cache Clusters; 4 Quality Variations in Layer-encoded Video; 4.1 What is the Relation between Objective and Subjective Quality?; 4.2 Quality Metrics for Video; 4.2.1 Existing Work on Quality Metrics for Layer-encoded Video; 4.2.2 Objective Video Quality Assessment; 4.3 Test Environment; 4.3.1 Layer-encoded Video Format-SPEG; 4.3.2 Test Generation-Full Control; 4.3.3 Measurement Method-Stimulus Comparison; 4.3.4 Test Application-Enforcing Time Constraints; 4.4 Experiment; 4.4.1 Scenario; 4.4.2 Candidates; 4.4.3 Procedure; 4.4.4 Layer Patterns; 4.5 Results4.5.1 Same Number of Segments4.5.2 Different Number of Segments; 4.5.3 Sequence Size and Quality; 4.6 The Spectrum; 4.6.1 Comparison of the Spectrum with the Subjective Assessment Results and the PSNR; 4.7 Implications for MDC and FGS; 4.7.1 MDC; 4.7.2 FGS; 4.8 Summary; 5 Retransmission Scheduling; 5.1 Motivation; 5.1.1 Retransmission Time; 5.1.2 Retransmission Focus; 5.1.3 Scheduling Goals; 5.2 Optimal Retransmission Scheduling; 5.3 Heuristics for Retransmission Scheduling; 5.4 Viewer-centric Retransmission Scheduling; 5.4.1 Window-based Lowest Layer First (W-LLF)5.4.2 Unrestricted Priority-based HeuristicsIn recent years, the proliferation of available video content and the popularity of the Internet have encouraged service providers to develop new ways of distributing content to clients. Increasing video scaling ratios and advanced digital signal processing techniques have led to Internet Video-on-Demand applications, but these currently lack efficiency and quality. Scalable Video on Demand: Adaptive Internet-based Distribution examines how current video compression and streaming can be used to deliver high-quality applications over the Internet. In addition to analysing the problems Streaming technology (Telecommunications)Video-on-demandInternet televisionStreaming technology (Telecommunications)Video-on-demand.Internet television.006.7Zink Michael1970-1415136MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9911020355303321Scalable video on demand4416673UNINA