05230nam 22006254a 450 99620209440331620170815114232.01-281-31272-X97866113127250-470-99930-60-470-99931-41-4051-2907-7(CKB)1000000000413376(EBL)351174(OCoLC)437218466(SSID)ssj0000167128(PQKBManifestationID)11171489(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000167128(PQKBWorkID)10169274(PQKB)10019507(MiAaPQ)EBC351174(PPN)141243694(EXLCZ)99100000000041337620020808d2003 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrHandbook of atmospheric science[electronic resource] /edited by C.N. Hewitt and A.V. JacksonMalden, MA Blackwell Pub.20031 online resource (648 p.)Description based upon print version of record.0-632-05286-4 Includes bibliographical references and index.Handbook of Atmospheric Science; Contents; Part 2: Problems, Tools, and Applications; List of contributors; Preface; Part 1: Principles of Atmospheric Science; 1 CHEMICAL EVOLUTION OF THE ATMOSPHERE; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Creation of the planets and their earliest atmospheres,; 1.3 The Earth's atmosphere before life began; 1.4 Comparison of Venus, Earth, and Mars; 1.5 Life and the Earth's atmosphere; 1.6 Carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere; 1.7 The rise of oxygen concentrations; 1.8 Protection of life from ultraviolet radiation; 1.9 Conclusions; 1.10 Further reading; References2 ATMOSPHERIC ENERGY AND THE STRUCTURE OF THE ATMOSPHERE2.1 Introduction; 2.2 The structure of the Earth's atmosphere; 2.3 Solar and terrestrial radiation; 2.4 Absorption of radiation by trace gases, 39; 2.5 Solar radiation, ozone, and the stratospheric temperature profile; 2.6 Trapping of longwave radiation; 2.7 A simple model of radiation transfer; 2.8 A brief overview of more complex radiative transfer; 2.9 Conduction, convection, and sensible and latent heat; 2.10 The energy budget for the Earth's atmosphere; 2.11 Energy transfer in the atmosphere and ocean2.12 Solar radiation and the biosphereReferences; 3 THE EARTH'S CLIMATES; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Polar climates; 3.3 Temperate latitude climates; 3.4 Tropical climates; 3.5 Closing remarks; References; 4 BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES AND RESIDENCE TIMES; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 The global carbon cycle; 4.3 The global nitrogen cycle; 4.4 The global sulfur cycle; 4.5 The global halogen cycle; 4.6 Conclusions; References; 5 SOURCES OF AIR POLLUTION; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Primary pollutants; 5.3 Long-lived pollutants; 5.4 Secondary gaseous pollutants; 5.5 Other hazardous air pollutants5.6 Particulate materialReferences; 6 TROPOSPHERIC PHOTOCHEMISTRY; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Initiation of photochemistry by light; 6.3 Tropospheric oxidation chemistry; 6.4 Nitrogen oxides and the photostationary state; 6.5 Production and destruction of ozone; 6.6 The tropospheric ozone budget; 6.7 The role of hydrocarbons; 6.8 Urban chemistry; 6.9 The spring ozone maximum; 6.10 Nighttime oxidation chemistry; 6.11 Ozone...alkene chemistry; 6.12 NO2...diene chemistry; 6.13 Sulfur chemistry; 6.14 Halogen chemistry; 6.15 Conclusions; References; 7 STRATOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND TRANSPORT; 7.1 Introduction7.2 The structure of the stratosphere7.3 Gas-phase chemistry of the stratosphere; 7.4 Aerosols and clouds in the stratosphere; 7.5 Heterogeneous chemistry of the 7.5 Heterogeneous chemistry of the stratosphere; 7.6 Future perturbations to the stratosphere; References; 8 AQUEOUS PHASE CHEMISTRY OF THE TROPOSPHERE; 8.1 The aqueous phase in the atmosphere; 8.2 Nonvolatile solutes; 8.3 Reactions and photochemistry; 8.4 Conclusions; References; 9 ATMOSPHERIC PARTICULATE MATTER; 9.1 Introduction; 9.2 Size distribution, composition, and concentration; 9.3 Aerosol sources; 9.4 Heterogeneous chemistry9.5 Climate forcingThe alarming consequences of global climate change have highlighted the need to take urgent steps to combat the causes of air pollution. Hence, understanding the Earth's atmosphere is a vital component in Man's emerging quest for developing sustainable modes of behaviour in the 21st century. Written by a team of expert scientists, the Handbook of Atmospheric Science provides a broad and up-to-date account of our understanding of the natural processes that occur within the atmosphere. It examines how Man's activities have had a detrimental effect on the climate, and how meaAtmospheric physicsHandbooks, manuals, etcAtmospheric physics551.5551.51Hewitt C. N945409Jackson Andrea V945410MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK996202094403316Handbook of atmospheric science2134430UNISA