01398nam0 22002651i 450 UON0019144620231205103216.63520030730f |0itac50 baengGB|||| |||||Rural rides in the countries of Surrey, Kent, Sussex, Hampshire, Wiltshire, Gloucestershire, Herefordshire, Worchestershire, Somersetshire, Oxforshire, Berkshire, Essex, Suffolk, Norfolk and HertfordshireWilliam Cobbettedited with notes and introduction by E.W. Martinillustrated with cartoons by GillrayLondonMacdonald1958xli, 499 p.19 cm.GBLondonUONL003044820Letteratura inglese e antico inglese21COBBETTWilliamUONV047274195253MARTINE.W.UONV177404MacDonaldUONV248198650ITSOL20240220RICASIBA - SISTEMA BIBLIOTECARIO DI ATENEOUONSIUON00191446SIBA - SISTEMA BIBLIOTECARIO DI ATENEOSI Angl IV A COB 04 SI SI 341 5 04 Rural rides in the countries of Surrey, Kent, Sussex, Hampshire, Wiltshire, Gloucestershire, Herefordshire, Worchestershire, Somersetshire, Oxforshire, Berkshire, Essex, Suffolk, Norfolk and Hertfordshire1293830UNIOR03588nam 2200457z- 450 991034675380332120210211(CKB)4920000000094176(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/41577(oapen)doab41577(EXLCZ)99492000000009417620202102d2018 |y 0engurmn|---annantxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierAugmentation of Brain Function: Facts, Fiction and Controversy. Volume II: Neurostimulation and Pharmacological ApproachesFrontiers Media SA20181 online resource (403 p.)Frontiers Research Topics2-88945-615-3 The Volume II is entitled "Neurostimulation and pharmacological approaches". This volume describes augmentation approaches, where improvements in brain functions are achieved by modulation of brain circuits with electrical or optical stimulation, or pharmacological agents. Activation of brain circuits with electrical currents is a conventional approach that includes such methods as (i) intracortical microstimulation (ICMS), (ii) transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), and (iii) transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). tDCS and TMS are often regarded as noninvasive methods. Yet, they may induce long-lasting plastic changes in the brain. This is why some authors consider the term "noninvasive" misleading when used to describe these and other techniques, such as stimulation with transcranial lasers. The volume further discusses the potential of neurostimulation as a research tool in the studies of perception, cognition and behavior. Additionally, a notion is expressed that brain augmentation with stimulation cannot be described as a net zero sum proposition, where brain resources are reallocated in such a way that gains in one function are balanced by costs elsewhere. In recent years, optogenetic methods have received an increased attention, and several articles in Volume II cover different aspects of this technique. While new optogenetic methods are being developed, the classical electrical stimulation has already been utilized in many clinically relevant applications, like the vestibular implant and tactile neuroprosthesis that utilizes ICMS. As a peculiar usage of neurostimulation and pharmacological methods, Volume II includes several articles on augmented memory. Memory prostheses are a popular recent development in the stimulation-based BMIs. For example, in a hippocampal memory prosthesis, memory content is extracted from hippocampal activity using a multiple-input, multiple-output non-linear dynamical model. As to the pharmacological approaches to augmenting memory and cognition, the pros and cons of using nootropic drugs are discussed.Augmentation of Brain FunctionNeurosciencesbicsscBrain machine interface (BMI)implantsmicrocircuitsneural networksneuroprosthesisnootropicstDCStranscranial direct current stimulationTMSNeurosciencesManuel F. Casanovaauth1278729Ioan OprisauthMikhail LebedevauthBOOK9910346753803321Augmentation of Brain Function: Facts, Fiction and Controversy. Volume II: Neurostimulation and Pharmacological Approaches3033076UNINA