03176nam 2200769 a 450 991110748270332120251116154144.09786613806758978128213417112821341759780520953819052095381910.1525/9780520953819(CKB)2550000000105909(EBL)977264(OCoLC)801363597(SSID)ssj0000775011(PQKBManifestationID)11462216(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000775011(PQKBWorkID)10727833(PQKB)11667533(MiAaPQ)EBC977264(DE-B1597)520392(OCoLC)871897858(DE-B1597)9780520953819(Au-PeEL)EBL977264(CaPaEBR)ebr10582903(CaONFJC)MIL380675(OCoLC)808341831(Perlego)550886(EXLCZ)99255000000010590920120807d2012 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrYakuza Japan's criminal underworld /David E. Kaplan and Alec Dubro25th anniversary ed.Berkeley University of California Pressc20121 online resource (440 p.)Description based upon print version of record.9780520274907 0520274903 Includes bibliographical references and index.pt. 1. Early history -- pt. 2. The Kodama years -- pt. 3. The modern Yakuza -- pt. 4. The move abroad.Known for their striking full-body tattoos and severed fingertips, Japan's gangsters comprise a criminal class eighty thousand strong--more than four times the size of the American mafia. Despite their criminal nature, the yakuza are accepted by fellow Japanese to a degree guaranteed to shock most Westerners. Yakuza is the first book to reveal the extraordinary reach of Japan's Mafia. Originally published in 1986, it was so controversial in Japan that it could not be published there for five years. But in the west it has long served as the standard reference on Japanese organized crime and has inspired novels, screenplays, and criminal investigations. This twenty-fifth anniversary edition tells the full story or Japan's remarkable crime syndicates, from their feudal start as bands of medieval outlaws to their emergence as billion-dollar investors in real estate, big business, art, and more.YakuzaJapanHistoryYakuzaHistoryOrganized crimeJapanHistoryCrimeJapanHistoryGangsJapanHistoryYakuzaHistory.YakuzaHistory.Organized crimeHistory.CrimeHistory.GangsHistory.364.1060952Kaplan David E282937Dubro Alec1973796MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9911107482703321Yakuza4741501UNINA06282nam 2200889Ia 450 991114736040332120251017110102.0978661018599397803091731930309173191978128018599112801859969780309596985030959698X97805850680080585068003(CKB)110986584752654(OCoLC)70772784(CaPaEBR)ebrary10056956(SSID)ssj0000106767(PQKBManifestationID)11128707(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000106767(PQKBWorkID)10110645(PQKB)10667702(MiAaPQ)EBC3376680(Au-PeEL)EBL3376680(CaPaEBR)ebr10056956(CaONFJC)MIL18599(OCoLC)923265549(Perlego)4734061(DNLM)899692(BIP)48518519(EXLCZ)9911098658475265419990524d1999 uy 0engurcn|||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierAssessment of future scientific needs for live variola virus /Committee on the Assessment of Future Scientific Needs for Live Variola Virus, Board on Global Health, Institute of Medicine1st ed.Washington, D.C. National Academy Press19991 online resource (126 pages) illustrationsThe compass seriesBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: MonographPrint version: Staff, Institute of Medicine. Assessment of Future Scientific Needs for Live Variola Virus. Washington : National Academies Press, ©1900 9780309064415 9780309064415 0309064414 Includes bibliographical references (p. 87-91).Assessment of Future Scientific Needs for Live Variola Virus -- Copyright -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- REVIEWERS -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- SCOPE -- SCIENTIFIC NEEDS FOR LIVE AND REPLICATION-DEFECTIVE VARIOLA VIRUS -- OVERALL CONCLUSIONS -- Part I Introduction -- 1 Introduction -- BACKGROUND -- CONTEMPORARY CONTEXT -- SCOPE -- SCIENTIFIC NEEDS FOR VARIOLA VIRUS -- ORGANIZATION OF THIS REPORT -- Part II Smallpox and Its Control -- 2 Variola Virus and Other Orthopoxviruses -- GENERAL ATTRIBUTES OF ORTHOPOXVIRUSES -- POXVIRUS REPLICATION -- PROPERTIES OF SPECIFIC ORTHOPOXVIRUSES -- 3 Clinical Features of Smallpox -- ENTRY AND INFECTION -- DISSEMINATION -- THE RASH -- LESIONS OF THE MUCOUS MEMBRANES -- EFFECTS ON OTHER ORGANS -- IMMUNE RESPONSE -- IMMUNITY AGAINST SMALLPOX -- 4 Epidemiology -- CHARACTERISTICS OF HISTORICAL OUTBREAKS -- LIKELY CHARACTERISTICS OF FUTURE SMALLPOX OUTBREAKS -- CONTROL STRATEGIES -- 5 Variola Virus Stocks Following Eradication of Smallpox -- ESTABLISHMENT OF INTERNATIONAL REPOSITORIES -- DECISION BY THE WORLD HEALTH ASSEMBLY TO DESTROY VARIOLA VIRUS STOCKS -- U.S. RESEARCH ON SMALLPOX -- RESEARCH AT CDC AND USAMRIID -- Part III Scientific Needs for Variola Virus -- 6 Development of Antiviral Agents -- IN VITRO ASSAYS -- ANIMAL MODELS -- 7 Development of Vaccines -- CURRENT STATUS OF VACCINIA VACCINE PREPARATIONS -- EVALUATION OF VACCINIA VACCINE DERIVED FROM TISSUE CULTURE -- EVALUATION OF NOVEL VACCINES -- 8 Detection and Diagnosis -- ENVIRONMENTAL DETECTION -- DIAGNOSIS OF INFECTION -- ALTERNATIVES TO LIVE VIRUS -- 9 Bioinformatics -- VARIABILITY OF VARIOLA VIRUS -- POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENTS -- 10 Understanding of the Biology of Variola Virus -- VIRUS-CELL INTERACTIONS -- VIRUS-HOST INTERACTIONS -- 11 Research on the Expressed Protein Products of Variola -- SYNTHESIS OF VARIOLA PROTEINS.POTENTIAL UTILITY OF VARIOLA PROTEINS -- Part IV Findings -- 12 Summary and Conclusions -- THE BROADER CONTEXT -- SCIENTIFIC NEEDS FOR LIVE VARIOLA VIRUS -- OVERALL CONCLUSIONS -- References -- Appendix A Glossary -- Appendix B Acronyms -- Appendix C Committee and Staff Biographies -- Staff.In 1980, the World Health Organization (WHO) officially declared that smallpox had been eradicated. In 1986, WHO's international Ad Hoc Committee on Orthopox Virus Infections unanimously recommended destruction of the two remaining official stocks of variola virus, one at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the other at the VECTOR laboratory in Siberia. In June 1999, WHO decided to delay the destruction of these stocks. Informing that decision was Assessment of Future Scientific Needs for Variola Virus , which examines: -- Whether the sequenced variola genome, vaccinia, and monkey pox virus are adequate for future research or whether the live variola virus itself is needed to assist in the development of antiviral therapies. -- What further benefits, if any, would likely be gained through the use of variola in research and development efforts related to agent detection, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. -- What unique potential benefits, if any, the study of variola would have in increasing our fundamental understanding of the biology, host-agent interactions, pathogenesis, and immune mechanisms of viral diseases.Compass series (Washington, D.C.)Live variola virusSmallpoxResearchSmallpoxPreventionSmallpox vaccineVirologyCultures and culture mediaVariola virusSmallpoxprevention & controlContainment of BiohazardsSmallpoxResearch.SmallpoxPrevention.Smallpox vaccine.VirologyCultures and culture media.Variola virus.Smallpoxprevention & control.Containment of Biohazards.616.9/12Institute of Medicine (U.S.).Committee on the Assessment of Future Scientific Needs for Live Variola Virus.MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9911147360403321Assessment of future scientific needs for live variola virus4876106UNINA