11828nam 22005893 450 991100667330332120250416110549.097804431923020443192308(MiAaPQ)EBC31338760(Au-PeEL)EBL31338760(CKB)32010423800041(Exl-AI)31338760(OCoLC)1434176764(FR-PaCSA)88964303(FRCYB88964303)88964303(EXLCZ)993201042380004120240514d2024 uy 0engurcnu||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierAdvances in Natural Gas Formation, processing, and applications : Volume 8, Natural gas process modelling and simulation / edited by Mohammad Reza Rahimpour, Mohammad Amin Makarem, Maryam Meshksar1st ed.San Diego :Elsevier,2024.©2024.1 online resource (776 pages)9780443192296 0443192294 Front Cover -- ADVANCES INNATURAL GAS:FORMATION,PROCESSING, AND APPLICATIONS -- ADVANCES IN NATURALGAS: FORMATION,PROCESSING, AND APPLICATIONS -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- About the editors -- Preface -- Reviewer acknowledgments -- I - Modeling and simulationof natural gassweetening processes and apparatus -- 1 - Process modeling and simulation of natural gas sweetening by absorption processes -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Natural gas sweetening process: Parameters for modeling -- 2. Absorption in a fluidic media -- 2.1 Types of alkanol amines -- 2.2 Hydrogen sulfide and alkanol amines -- 2.3 Carbon dioxide and alkanol amines -- 3. Process selection -- 4. Modeling -- 4.1 Generalization of distillation tower algorithm -- 4.2 Mathematical model of acidic gas absorption tower -- 4.3 Model assumptions -- 4.4 Model theory -- 5. Fundamental equations and principles for modeling natural gas sweetening -- 6. Benefits of using simulation models -- 7. Simulation models to reduce costs and improve efficiency -- 8. Simulation models to optimize -- 9. Limitations of using simulation models -- 10. Successful implementation of simulation models -- 11. Conclusion and future outlooks -- Abbreviations and symbols -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 2 - Modeling and simulation of natural gas sweetening by various adsorption technologies -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Sweetening adsorption processes -- 2.1 Pressure swing adsorption -- 2.1.1 Procedure -- 2.1.2 The effect of different parameters on the PSA process with related equations -- 2.1.2.1 Adsorbent -- 2.1.2.2 Bed porosity -- 2.1.2.3 Pressure -- 2.1.2.4 Residence time -- 2.1.2.5 Adsorption time -- 2.1.2.6 Purge/feed ratio -- 2.1.2.7 Depressurization and pressure equalization -- 2.1.2.8 Rinse time -- 2.1.3 Literature -- 2.2 Temperature swing adsorption -- 2.2.1 Procedure.2.2.1.1 Heat and mass transfer model equations -- 2.2.1.2 Mass balance equations -- 2.2.1.3 Heat balance equations -- 2.2.2 Literature -- 2.3 Electric swing adsorption -- 2.3.1 Procedure -- 2.3.2 Literature -- 2.4 Vacuum swing adsorption -- 2.4.1 Procedure -- 2.4.2 Literature -- 2.5 Mixed swing adsorption processes -- 2.5.1 Temperature Electric Swing Adsorption -- 2.5.1.1 Model description -- 2.5.2 Pressure temperature swing adsorption -- 2.5.2.1 Procedure -- 2.5.3 Vacuum pressure swing adsorption -- 2.5.3.1 Procedure -- 3. Conclusion and future outlooks -- Abbreviations and symbols -- References -- 3 - Modeling and simulation of natural gas sweetening using membranes -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Natural gas sweetening -- 1.2 Mathematical modeling -- 1.3 Membrane systems -- 1.3.1 Classification of membrane systems -- 2. Principles and procedures -- 2.1 Gas separation using HFM -- 2.1.1 Mathematical model of gas separation -- 2.2 Gas absorption using gas-liquid membrane contactor -- 2.2.1 Mathematical modeling -- 2.2.1.1 Membrane lumen side (liquid) -- 2.2.1.2 Membrane walls -- 2.2.1.3 Module shell (gas) -- 3. Current applications and cases -- 3.1 Membrane separation of CO2 at high pressure -- 3.2 Membrane separation at moderate pressure -- 3.3 Liquid-gas membrane contactor -- 4. Conclusion and future outlooks -- Abbreviations and symbols -- References -- 4 - Modeling and simulation of CO2 removal from CO2-rich natural gas via supersonic separators -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 State of the art in natural gas CO2 removal -- 2. Overview of CO2-Rich natural gas in raw form -- 3. The content of CO2-rich NG and its processing techniques -- 4. Technologies for CO2 capture from CO2-Rich natural gas -- 5. CO2-rich natural gas processing using supersonic separators -- 6. Comparison of process alternatives -- 6.1 Conventional process: TEG+JT/LTS.6.2 Comparison between TEG+JT/LTS and supersonic separator -- 7. HYSYS modeling of supersonic separator units for CO2-Rich natural gas treatment -- 8. Modeling supersonic separation for natural gas dew-point adjustment -- 9. Supersonic separation for natural gas CO2 removal -- 9.1 Supersonic separator modeling and simulation: SS-UOE -- 10. Conclusion and future outlooks -- Abbreviations and symbols -- References -- 5 - Case studies of modeling and simulation of natural gas sweetening processes -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Acid gas removal methodology -- 2.1 AGR from natural gas using cryogenic process -- 2.2 AGR from natural gas using absorption -- 2.3 AGR from natural gas using membrane-gas solvent contactors -- 2.4 AGR from natural gas using adsorption -- 3. Conclusions and future outlooks -- Abbreviations and symbols -- References -- II - Modeling and simulationof natural gas dehydrationprocesses and apparatus -- 6 - Process modeling and simulation of natural gas dehydration by absorption technology -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Gas hydrate -- 3. Gas dehydration process -- 3.1 Traditional methods of dehydration -- 3.2 Gas stripping dehydration method -- 4. Modeling thermodynamics -- 4.1 Modeling UMR-PRU -- 4.1.1 Summary of the model -- 4.1.2 Adoption in industrial simulation -- 4.2 An outline of TST/NRTL -- 5. Conclusion and future outlooks -- Abbreviations and symbols -- References -- 7 - Modeling and simulating natural gas dehydration by adsorption technologies: Pressure swing adsorption, temperature swin ... -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Mathematical foundations for dehydration modeling -- 3. Adsorption-based dehydration technologies -- 3.1 Pressure swing adsorption -- 3.2 Vacuum swing adsorption -- 3.3 Temperature swing adsorption -- 4. Typical industrial application units -- 4.1 Typical operating modes -- 4.1.1 PSA for hydrogen purification.4.1.2 TSA for natural gas dehydration -- 4.2 Other applications -- 5. Conclusion and future outlooks -- Abbreviations and symbols -- References -- 8 - Membrane-based modeling and simulation of natural gas dehydration -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Dehydration process -- 2.1 DEG regeneration -- 3. Function, configuration, and characteristics of membrane processes -- 3.1 Conventional cross-flow design -- 3.2 Cross-flow model with the influent under vacuum -- 3.3 Role of an expanded residue slipstream as the sweep in a countercurrent design -- 3.4 Design employing a countercurrent flow of sweep-dry nitrogen -- 3.5 Four membrane system concepts have been evaluated -- 3.6 Another application of SS for NG purification: Polymer membrane modeling -- 4. Modeling and simulation overview -- 4.1 Modeling -- 5. Simulation -- 5.1 Overview of process simulation instruments -- 5.2 Interface for connecting to simulators -- 6. System design of membrane processes -- 6.1 Different phases of system design -- 6.2 Different design techniques for membrane systems -- 6.2.1 Customization of already-existing membrane characteristics -- 6.2.2 Program development customization -- 7. Membranes challenges -- 8. Conclusion and future outlooks -- Abbreviations and symbols -- References -- 9 - Modeling and simulation of natural gas dehydration via supersonic separators -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Natural gas dehydration methods -- 3. Condensation process -- 3.1 Laval nozzle history for condensation -- 3.2 Condensation mechanisms -- 3.2.1 Nucleation -- 3.2.2 Droplet formation and growth -- 3.3 Modeling and simulations -- 3.4 Condensation experimentation -- 3.5 Modeling of supersonic separation -- 4. Separation processes -- 4.1 Swirler design -- 4.2 Shock wave location -- 5. Pressure recovery -- 6. Conclusion and future outlooks -- Abbreviations and symbols -- References.III - Modeling and simulation of other impuritiesremoval from natural gas -- 10 - Modeling and simulation of hydrocarbon dew point adjustment of natural gas via supersonic separators -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Hydrocarbon dew point -- 3. Supersonic technology -- 3.1 Design procedure -- 3.2 History -- 3.3 Translang technologies ltd -- 3.4 Effectiveness -- 3.5 Supersonic technology comparing to other technologies -- 4. Supersonic process design -- 4.1 Supersonic process design specification -- 4.2 Process simulation of the supersonic separation -- 4.3 Operating unit design and sizing -- 4.3.1 Vessels, containers, and separators -- 4.3.2 Compressors, turbines, and pumps -- 4.3.3 Heat exchangers, coolers, and heaters -- 4.3.4 Towers and columns -- 4.4 Technoeconomics -- 4.4.1 Capital expenditures estimation -- 4.4.2 Operating expenditure estimation -- 4.4.3 Revenue estimation -- 5. Supersonic separation modeling -- 5.1 Condensation -- 5.1.1 Condensation mechanisms -- 5.1.2 Condensation models -- 5.2 Separation processes -- 5.3 Shock wave location -- 6. Conclusion and future outlooks -- Abbreviations and symbols -- References -- 11 - Thermodynamic models and process simulation of mercury removal from natural gas -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Principles and procedures of thermodynamic models for mercury removal from natural gas -- 2.1 UMR-PRU model -- 2.2 Soave-Redlich-Kwong EOS -- 2.3 SAFT models -- 2.3.1 PC-SAFT model -- 2.3.2 Critical point-based perturbed-chain statistical association fluid theory model -- 2.4 Peng and Robinson model -- 3. Simulation and modeling of mercury removal process from natural gas -- 4. Processes of mercury removal in natural gas industry -- 4.1 Fixed-bed reactors -- 4.2 Scrubbing solution -- 4.3 Simultaneous mercury and hydrogen sulfide removal process -- 4.4 Glycol and molecular sieve dehydration process.4.5 Type of scenarios for installing mercury removal process from the natural gas.This volume focuses on the process modeling and simulation of natural gas, specifically addressing sweetening processes. Edited by Mohammad Reza Rahimpour, Mohammad Amin Makarem, and Maryam Meshksar, the book offers in-depth insights into absorption and adsorption technologies used for natural gas sweetening. It provides fundamental equations and principles for modeling, highlighting benefits, cost reduction, and efficiency improvements through simulation models. The book also discusses limitations and successful applications of these models, aiming to optimize processes. It caters primarily to professionals and researchers in chemical engineering and related fields, seeking to enhance their understanding and application of natural gas processing technologies.Generated by AI.Natural gasGenerated by AISimulation methodsGenerated by AINatural gasSimulation methods665.73Rahimpour Mohammad Reza1822981Makarem Mohammad Amin1822982Meshksar Maryam1822983MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9911006673303321Advances in Natural Gas4389432UNINA02113nam 2200445z- 450 991091717530332120210211(CKB)3800000000216335(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/42305(oapen)doab42305(EXLCZ)99380000000021633520202102d2017 |y 0engurmn|---annantxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierBiotechnology of Microalgae, Based on Molecular Biology and Biochemistry of Eukaryotic Algae and CyanobacteriaFrontiers Media SA20171 online resource (184 p.)Frontiers Research Topics2-88945-129-1 Bioechnology of microalgae takes much attention because of their ability to utilize light energy and fix CO2. Research in biotechnology of microalgae including eukaryotic algae and cyanobacteria is an important and attractive topic which attracts the interests of the public widely. This Research Topic aims to create a collection approaching biotechnology and biology of eukaryotic algae and cyanobacteria. Basic science of molecular biology and biochemistry is indispensable for proceeding future application of microalgae, and hence, the title includes "molecular biology" and "biochemistry". Broad range of basic and applied science of microalgae is appreciated in this special topic.Microbiology (non-medical)bicsscChlamydomonasChlorellaCyanobacteriaMetabolic EngineeringMicroalgaephotoreceptorSynechocystistriacylglycerolMicrobiology (non-medical)Takashi Osanaiauth1780302Yuki NakamuraauthYoun-Il ParkauthBOOK9910917175303321Biotechnology of Microalgae, Based on Molecular Biology and Biochemistry of Eukaryotic Algae and Cyanobacteria4304127UNINA05382nam 2200697Ia 450 991102021340332120200520144314.09786611758844978128175884212817588419783527616039352761603997835276160223527616020(CKB)1000000000376092(EBL)482250(SSID)ssj0000120468(PQKBManifestationID)11130174(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000120468(PQKBWorkID)10080929(PQKB)11403102(MiAaPQ)EBC482250(OCoLC)184983911(Perlego)2755200(EXLCZ)99100000000037609219940307d1994 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrChemical safety international reference manual /edited by Mervyn RichardsonWeinheim ;New York VCHc19941 online resource (638 p.)Description based upon print version of record.9783527286300 3527286306 Includes bibliographical references and index.Chemical Safety; Table of Contents; List of Contributors; Section 1: Introductory Chapters; 1. Global Chemical Pollution - The UNEP View; 2. Principles of Risk Assessment and Risk Management of Chemicals; Section 2: Chemical Safety Information; 3. Information Retrieval, Validation and Interpretation; 4. UNIDO/lNTIB: An Energy and Environment Information System for Developing Countries; 5. International and National Governmental Information Activities Concerning the Environmental Effects of Chemicals; 6. Accessing Health and Safety Information; Section 3: Chemical Hazard Assessment7. Environmental Hazard Assessment of Chemicals8. Adverse Health Effects of Environmental Chemicals: Indian Scenario; 9. Parental Occupation and Childhood Cancer; 10. Comparative Genetic Toxicity of Some Pesticides; 11. Intake of Organochlorine Compounds and Levels in Population Groups; 12. Heavy Metal Dietary Intake: A European Comparison; 13. COMPACT and ENACT Procedures in Predicting the Formation of Reactive Intermediates by Cytochrome P450 Metabolism; Section 4: Monitoring; 14. Environmental Monitoring: Use of Luminescent Bacteria; 15. Cytogenetic Monitoring in HungarySection 5: Risk Assessment and Management16. Identification of Carcinogenic Risks - Qualitative Aspects; 17. New Approaches for the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals; 18. Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Contrast and Comparison - International Perspectives; 19. Assessment of Pesticide Action on Human Health and the Environment in the Ukraine; 20. Some Organochlorine Pollutants in the Water Environment and their Influence on Drinking Water Quality; 21. Regional Contamination of Soil and Biota with Heavy Metals Following an Explosion of an Ammunition Stockpile near Oštarije, Croatia22. Assessment and Management of Environmental Exposure to Colorants23. Fate of Pesticides in the Environment and the Quality of Drinking Water in Relation to Human Health; 24. Chlororganic Pesticides and Atrazine in the Environment of Lithuania: Retrospective Analysis and Management Evaluation; 25. Management of Halide Mined Water Discharges; Section 6: Safety; 26. Safety in the Use of Chemicals at the Workplace; 27. Poisoning and Safety; 28. Some Information Regarding Chemical Safety Both in Occupational and Environmental Medicine in China; 29. Environmental Chemical Safety30. Approaches to Identifying and Adverse Health Effects of Chemicals in UseSection 7: Legal Aspects; 31. Liability for Dangerous Industrial Activities and Damage to the Environment: Where Do We Stand After the Council of Europe Convention and the Commission Green Paper?; 32. Safety and Environmental Stewardship in the Single Market; 33. Chemical Regulation in Europe and the United States: International Implications; 34. Worldwide Regulatory Controls to Ensure Safety of Chemicals; 35. Epilogue; Annex 1 Dictionary of Substances and their Effects (DOSE)Annex 2 OECD Guidelines for Testing of ChemicalsHow safe is safe enough? We live in a world that is totally dependent on chemicals, be they agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, colorants - it is vitally important that we adopt a sustainable strategy for an environment containing some 11 million chemicals. This book provides a pragmatic guide to the basic tools of chemical safety assessment, from information retrieval, through hazard and risk assessment to safety evaluation and legal aspects. It is truly global in coverage with contributors drawn from East and West, North and South. It covers natural and artificial hazards to the environmPollutionPollutionRisk assessmentChemicalsSafety measuresPollution.PollutionRisk assessment.ChemicalsSafety measures.363.19363.738Richardson Mervyn13387MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9911020213403321Chemical safety2238509UNINA