05212nam 22006134a 450 991100668260332120200520144314.01-280-63284-497866106328480-08-045571-9(CKB)1000000000365299(EBL)269570(OCoLC)475997970(SSID)ssj0000182794(PQKBManifestationID)12011443(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000182794(PQKBWorkID)10172403(PQKB)11387185(MiAaPQ)EBC269570(EXLCZ)99100000000036529920050818d2005 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrAn introduction to nuclear waste immobilisation /M.I Ojovan and W.E. Lee1st ed.Amsterdam ;Boston Elsevier20051 online resource (334 p.)Description based upon print version of record.0-08-044462-8 Includes bibliographical references and index.Front Cover; An Introduction to Nuclear Waste Immobilisation; Copyright Page; Contents; Foreword; Preface; Acknowledgements; Chapter 1. Introduction to Immobilisation; 1.1. Introduction; 1.2. Importance of Waste; 1.3. Radioactive Waste; 1.4. Recycling; 1.5. Waste Minimisation; 1.6. Immobilisation; 1.7. Time Frames; Bibliography; Chapter 2. Nuclear Decay; 2.1. Nuclear Decay; 2.2. Decay Law; 2.3. Radioactive Equilibrium; 2.4. Activity; 2.5. Alpha Decay; 2.6. Beta Decay; 2.7. Gamma Decay; 2.8. Spontaneous Fission; 2.9. Radionuclide Characteristics; BibliographyChapter 3. Contaminants and Hazards3.1. Elemental Abundance; 3.2. Migration and Redistribution; 3.3. Hazard Potential; 3.4. Relative Hazard; 3.5. Real hazard Concept; 3.6. Form Factors that Diminish the Hazard; Bibliography; Chapter 4. Heavy Metals; 4.1. Metallic Contaminants; 4.2. Biogeochemical Cycle; 4.3. Heavy Metals; 4.4. Heavy Metals in Living Species; 4.5. Lead; 4.6. Mercury; 4.7. Cadmium; 4.8. Arsenic; Bibliography; Chapter 5. Naturally Occurring Radionuclides; 5.1. NORM and TENORM; 5.2. Primordial Radionuclides; 5.3. Cosmogenic Radionuclides5.4. Natural Radionuclides in Igneous Rocks5.5. Natural Radionuclides in Sedimentary Rocks and Soils; 5.6. Natural Radionuclides in Sea Water; 5.7. Radon Emissions; 5.8. Natural Radionuclides in the Human Body; Bibliography; Chapter 6. Background Radiation; 6.1. Radiation is Natural; 6.2. Dose Units; 6.3. Biological Consequences of Irradiation; 6.4. Background Radiation; Bibliography; Chapter 7. Nuclear Waste Regulations; 7.1. Regulatory Organisations; 7.2. Protection Philosophies; 7.3. Regulation of Radioactive Materials and Sources; 7.4. Exemption Criteria and Levels7.5. Clearance of Materials from Regulatory Control7.6. Double Standards; 7.7. Dose Limits; 7.8. Control of Radiation Hazards; Bibliography; Chapter 8. Principles of Nuclear Waste Management; 8.1. International Consensus; 8.2. Objective of Radioactive Waste Management; 8.3. Fundamental Principles; 8.4. Comments on the Fundamental Principles; 8.5. Ethical Principles; 8.6. Joint Convention; Bibliography; Chapter 9. Sources and Characteristics of Nuclear Wastes; 9.1. Key Waste Characteristics; 9.2. Classification Schemes; 9.3. Examples of Waste Classification; 9.4. Sources of Waste9.5. Front End and Operational NFC Waste9.6. Back End Open NFC Waste; 9.7. Back End Closed NFC Waste; 9.8. Back End NFC Decommissioning Waste; 9.9. Non-NFC Wastes; 9.10. Accidental Wastes; Bibliography; Chapter 10. Short-Lived Waste Radionuclides; 10.1. Introduction; 10.2. Tritium; 10.3. Cobalt-60; 10.4. Strontium-90; 10.5. Caesium-137; Bibliography; Chapter 11. Long-Lived Waste Radionuclides; 11.1. Introduction; 11.2. Carbon-14; 11.3. Technetium-99; 11.4. Iodine-129; 11.5. Plutonium; 11.6. Neptunium-237; 11.7. Nuclear Criticality; BibliographyChapter 12. Management and Characterisation of Radioactive WastesSafety and environmental impact is of uppermost concern when dealing with the movement and storage of nuclear waste. The 20 chapters in 'An Introduction to Nuclear Waste Immobilisation' cover all important aspects of immobilisation, from nuclear decay, to regulations, to new technologies and methods. Significant focus is given to the analysis of the various matrices used in transport: cement, bitumen and glass, with the greatest attention being given to glass. The last chapter concentrates on the performance assessment of each matrix, and on new developments of ceramics and glass composite mRadioactive waste disposalRadioactive waste disposalSafety measuresRadioactive waste disposal.Radioactive waste disposalSafety measures.621.48/38Ojovan Michael I627277Lee W. E1792810MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9911006682603321An introduction to nuclear waste immobilisation4389345UNINA