03235nam 22005413a 450 991091729890332120250204000222.0978019164115201916411549780191746291019174629097801916411690191641162https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199656950.001.0001(CKB)36722258600041(ScCtBLL)a99118bd-cf48-4d44-869b-65d0bf78c875(OCoLC)1030816805(oapen)doab29126(EXLCZ)993672225860004120250204i20132020 uu engur|||||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierApplicable Law in Investor-State ArbitrationHege Elisabeth KjosOxford University Press2013[s.l.] :Oxford University Press,2013.1 online resource (1 p.)Oxford monographs in international law9780199656950 0199656959 This book examines the law, national and/or international, that arbitral tribunals apply on the merits to settle disputes between foreign investors and host states. In light of the freedom that the disputing parties and the arbitrators have when designating the applicable law, and because of the hybrid nature of legal relationship between investors and states, there is significant interplay between the national and the international legal order in investor-state arbitration. The book contains a comprehensive analysis of the relevant jurisprudence, legal instruments, and scholarship surrounding arbitral practice with respect to the application of national law and international law. It investigates the awards in which tribunals referred to consistency between the legal orders, and suggests alternatives to the traditional doctrines of monism and dualism to explain the relationship between the national and the international legal order. The book also addresses the territorialized or internationalized nature of the tribunals; relevant choice-of-law rules and methodologies; and the scope of the arbitration agreement, including the possibility of host states presenting counterclaims in investment treaty arbitration. Ultimately, it argues that in investor-state arbitration, national and international law do not only coexist but may be applied simultaneously; they are also interdependent, each complementing and informing the other both indirectly and directly for a larger common good: enforcement of rights and obligations regardless of their national or international origin.Law / Conflict of LawsbisacshLaw / InternationalbisacshLaw / Commercial / International TradebisacshLawLaw / Conflict of LawsLaw / InternationalLaw / Commercial / International TradeLaw.Kjos Hege Elisabeth914999ScCtBLLScCtBLLBOOK9910917298903321Applicable law in investor-state arbitration2050493UNINA03644nam 22004933 450 991100655890332120230403184058.01-5231-3030-X1-282-99144-29786612991448(CKB)3390000000015341(MiAaPQ)EBC5266440(Au-PeEL)EBL5266440(CaONFJC)MIL299144(OCoLC)747720974(Exl-AI)5266440(EXLCZ)99339000000001534120210901d2010 uy 0engurcnu||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierRadioelement MappingLanham :International Atomic Energy Agency,2010.©2010.1 online resource (123 pages)92-0-106110-2 Cover -- Foreword -- Contents -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. Background -- 1.2. Objective -- 1.3. Scope -- 1.4. Structure -- 2. Benefits And Uses Of A Global Radioelement Baseline Database -- 2.1. Uranium Exploration -- 2.2. Uranium Mine And Mill Waste -- 2.3. Nuclear Emergency Preparedness -- 2.4. Geoscience Applications -- 2.5. Health And Environmental Applications -- 3. Methodology To Establish A Radioelement Base Lineusing Gamma Spectrometry -- 3.1. Principles Of Gamma Ray Spectrometry -- 3.2. Establishment Of Gamma Ray Spectrometer Calibration Facilities -- 3.3. Standardization Among Gamma Ray Spectrometer Calibration Facilities -- 3.4. Back Calibration Of Existing Surveys -- 3.5. Merging Of Surveys -- 3.6. Responses Of Anthropogenic Radioelements -- 4. Methodology To Establish Radioelement Baselines Using Geochemistry -- 4.1. Principles Of Applied Geochemistry -- 4.2. Analytical Methods -- 4.3. Media Types -- 4.4. Data Management And Interpretation -- 5. Status Of Radioelement Mapping -- 5.1. Airborne Gamma Ray Spectrometric Surveys -- 5.2. Sample Based Geochemical Surveys -- 6. Application Of Radioelement Baselines To Uranium Exploration, Mining, Milling And Remediation -- 6.1. Use Of Baselines To Aid In Uranium Exploration -- 6.2. Baselines Prior To Mine Or Mill Construction -- 6.3. Monitoring During Operations -- 6.4. Assessment Of Contamination Episodes -- 6.5. Use Of Baselines To Monitor The Remediation Process -- 7. Conclusions -- Appendix I - Worldwide Coverage And Catalogue Of Public Domaingamma Spectrometry Surveys -- Appendix II - Worldwide Gamma Ray Spectrometer Calibration Sites -- References -- Bibliography -- Contributors To Drafting And Review.The publication is based on the coordinated work of highly experienced, international experts with the aim of developing a global radioelement map with comparable results from different states. It is intended to support the identification of prospective areas for uranium exploration and mining, and also for environmental actions associated with uranium production and other human activities. The utility of the publication is expected to motivate many states to standardize the status of their radioelement mapping based on the global development and experience.RADIOELEMENT MAPPINGGamma ray spectrometryGenerated by AIGeochemical surveysGenerated by AIGamma ray spectrometryGeochemical surveysAgency International Atomic Energy1351396Agency International Atomic Energy1351396MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9911006558903321Radioelement Mapping4391696UNINA