04678nam 2200577 a 450 991099962730332120171026200700.09780472029402047202940110.3998/dcbooks.9380304.0001.001(CKB)2670000000368442(EBL)3570460(SSID)ssj0000723739(PQKBManifestationID)11398492(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000723739(PQKBWorkID)10711644(PQKB)11298126(OCoLC)729735189(MiAaPQ)EBC3570460(MiU)10.3998/dcbooks.9380304.0001.001(BIP)44328325(BIP)41909732(EXLCZ)99267000000036844220150303d2011 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrDigital rubbish natural history of electronics /Jennifer GabrysAnn Arbor, Mich. :University of Michigan Press,c2011.1 online resource (239 p.)Description based upon print version of record.9780472035373 0472035371 Includes bibliographical references and index.""Contents ""; ""Introduction: A Natural History of Electronics ""; ""1. Silicon Elephants: The Transformative Materiality of Microchips ""; ""2. Ephemeral Screens: Exchange at the Interface ""; ""3. Shipping and Receiving: Circuits of Disposal and the ""Social Death"" of Electronics ""; ""4. Museum of Failure: The Mutability of Electronic Memory ""; ""5. Media in the Dump: Salvage Stories and Spaces of Remainder ""; ""Conclusion: Digital Rubbish Theory ""; ""Notes ""; ""Bibliography ""; ""Index ""This is a study of the material life of information and its devices; of electronic waste in its physical and electronic incarnations; a cultural and material mapping of the spaces where electronics in the form of both hardware and information accumulate, break down, or are stowed away. Electronic waste occurs not just in the form of discarded computers but also as a scatter of information devices, software, and systems that are rendered obsolete and fail. Where other studies have addressed "digital" technology through a focus on its immateriality or virtual qualities, Gabrys traces the material, spatial, cultural, and political infrastructures that enable the emergence and dissolution of these technologies. In the course of her book, she explores five interrelated "spaces" where electronics fall apart: from Silicon Valley to Nasdaq, from containers bound for China to museums and archives that preserve obsolete electronics as cultural artifacts, to the landfill as material repository. All together, these sites stack up into a sedimentary record that forms the "natural history" of this study. Digital Rubbish: A Natural History of Electronics describes the materiality of electronics from a unique perspective, examining the multiple forms of waste that electronics create as evidence of the resources, labor, and imaginaries that are bundled into these machines. By drawing on the material analysis developed by Walter Benjamin, this natural history method allows for an inquiry into electronics that focuses neither on technological progression nor on great inventors but rather considers the ways in which electronic technologies fail and decay. Ranging across studies of media and technology, as well as environments, geography, and design, Jennifer Gabrys pulls together the far-reaching material and cultural processes that enable the making and breaking of these technologies. Jennifer Gabrys is Senior Lecturer in Design and Convener of the Masters in Design and Environment in the Department of Design, Goldsmiths, University of London. Jacket image: Computer dump ©iStockphoto/Lya_Cattel. digitalculturebooks  is an imprint of the University of Michigan Press and the Scholarly Publishing Office of the University of Michigan Library dedicated to publishing innovative and accessible work exploring new media and their impact on society, culture, and scholarly communication. Visit the website at www.digitalculture.org.Electronic wasteElectronic apparatus and appliancesHistoryElectronic waste.Electronic apparatus and appliancesHistory.363.72/88Gabrys Jennifer481054Michigan Publishing (University of Michigan),MiUMiUBOOK9910999627303321Digital rubbish254314UNINA03703nam 22007455 450 991046823750332120251202140851.03-030-59068-210.1007/978-3-030-59068-0(CKB)4100000011569185(MiAaPQ)EBC6396065(DE-He213)978-3-030-59068-0(EXLCZ)99410000001156918520201113d2020 u| 0engurnn|008mamaatxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierSuccess in the Bottom of the Pyramid Market in Africa The Case of Multinational Pharmaceutical Companies /by Philipp von Carlowitz1st ed. 2020.Cham :Springer International Publishing :Imprint: Springer,2020.1 online resource (XV, 120 p. 15 illus., 13 illus. in color.) SpringerBriefs in Business,2191-54903-030-59067-4 Includes bibliographical references.This book presents an empirical investigation of the efforts that multinational pharmaceutical companies take in order to find a business model that allows for a profitable access to the Bottom of the Pyramid (BoP) markets. The Bottom of the Pyramid in Africa is frequently mentioned as an attractive market due to its sheer size. Yet most companies struggle to access it because of the low price level, difficult physical market access and challenges when it comes to payment. More specifically, the book investigates the following business model-related questions: Do pharmaceutical companies provide products that meet the needs of the BoP? What characterizes the value generation of the company? What revenue model leads to a profitable business, and what role does a network of partners play in the business model? Findings reveal that there is no ‘one-size-fits-all’ answer to these questions. Providing continuous availability, affordability at a good quality of goods and services, creating health awareness, as well as localizing business to achieve a level of inclusivenessare essential prerequisites for success. In the last chapter this book provides a business model prototype that accounts for these key success factors for business at the Bottom of the Pyramid and points to further research topics.SpringerBriefs in Business,2191-5490AfricaEconomic conditionsBusinessAfricaSales managementPharmacologyInternational economic integrationGlobalizationHealth services administrationAfrican EconomicsAfrican BusinessSales and DistributionPharmacologyEmerging Markets and GlobalizationHealth Care ManagementAfricaEconomic conditions.Business.Africa.Sales management.Pharmacology.International economic integration.Globalization.Health services administration.African Economics.African Business.Sales and Distribution.Pharmacology.Emerging Markets and Globalization.Health Care Management.338.96Carlowitz Philipp von903172MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910468237503321Success in the bottom of the pyramid market in Africa2018976UNINA