01767nam 2200469 a 450 991069955290332120230902161802.0(CKB)5470000002403397(OCoLC)728100081(EXLCZ)99547000000240339720110602d2010 ua 0engurcn|||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierDeveloping estimates of potential demand for renewable wood energy products in Alaska[electronic resource] /Allen M. Brackley, Valerie Barber, and Cassie PinkelPortland, OR :U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station,[2010]1 online resource (31 pages) illustrations (some color), mapGeneral technical report PNW ;GTR-827Title from PDF title screen (viewed on June 2, 2011)."August 2010."Includes bibliographical references (pages 28-31).General technical report PNW ;827.FuelwoodAlaskaBiomass energyAlaskaRenewable energy sourcesAlaskaEnergy consumptionAlaskaFuelwoodBiomass energyRenewable energy sourcesEnergy consumptionBrackley Allen M1387188Barber Valerie Ann1392873Pinkel Cassie1406445Pacific Northwest Research Station (Portland, Or.)GPOGPOBOOK9910699552903321Developing estimates of potential demand for renewable wood energy products in Alaska3485463UNINA09036nam 22004933 450 991098463420332120231110212152.09781644902110(electronic bk.)9781644902103(MiAaPQ)EBC30162063(Au-PeEL)EBL30162063(CKB)24949990000041(BIP)085814609(OCoLC)1346361263(EXLCZ)992494999000004120221001d2022 uy 0engurcnu||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierSuperconductors Materials and Applications1st ed.Millersville :Materials Research Forum LLC,2022.©2022.1 online resource (266 pages)Materials Research Foundations ;v.132Print version: Inamuddin Superconductors Millersville : Materials Research Forum LLC,c2022 9781644902103 Intro -- front-matter -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- 1 -- Basic Concepts and Properties of Superconductors -- 1. Introduction and background -- 2. History of superconductors -- 3. Superconductors vs perfect conductors -- 4. Phenomenon of superconductivity -- 4.1 Zero resistance -- 4.2 Super-electron -- 4.3 Critical temperature for superconductors -- 5. Classification of superconductors -- 6. Properties of superconductor -- 6.1 Evanesce of electrical resistance -- 6.2 Flux lines and diamagnetism -- 6.3 Flux quantization in superconductors -- 6.4 Quantum interference -- 6.5 Josephson current -- Conclusion -- References -- 2 -- Properties and Types of Superconductors -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 The Meissner effect and superconductors -- 2. History of superconductors -- 3. Types of superconductors -- 3.1 Type I superconductors -- 3.1.1 Examples -- 3.2 Type II superconductors -- 3.2.1 Examples -- 4. Comparisons between type I and type II superconductors -- 4.1 Meissner effect -- 4.2 Conduction of electrons -- 4.3 Surface energy -- 5. Superconducting materials -- 5.1 Metal based system superconductors -- 5.2 Copper oxides (Cuprates) -- 5.3 Iron based superconductors -- 6. Properties of superconductors -- Conclusion -- References -- 3 -- Fundamentals and Properties of Superconductors -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Types of superconductors -- 2.1 Type I and II superconductors -- 2.2 Organic superconductors -- 2.3 Magnetic superconductors -- 2.4 High temperature superconductors (HTS) -- 3. Properties of superconductors -- 3.1 Zero electric resistance -- 3.2 Meissner effect -- 3.3 Transition temperature -- 3.4 Critical current -- 3.5 Persistent currents -- 3.6 Idealized diamagnetisms, flux lines, with its quantization -- 3.7 Flux quantization -- 3.8 Josephson current -- 3.9 Josephson current in a magnetic field.3.10 Superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) -- 3.11 Superconductivity: A macroscopic quantum phenomenon -- 3.12 Critical magnetic field -- Conclusion -- References -- 4 -- Superconductors for Large-Scale Applications -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Meissner effect: Attribute to superconductors -- 3. Advanced power transmission system -- 4. Super conducting electrical power devices -- 5. Advanced power storage system -- 6. Modern transportation -- 7. Advanced accelerators -- 8. Magnetic resonance devices -- 8.1 Magnetic resonance imaging for medical diagnostics -- 8.2 NMR spectroscopy -- 8.3 Fast field cycle relaxometer -- 9. SQUID -- Conclusion -- References -- 5 -- Lanthanide-based Superconductor and its Applications -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Lanthanide-based superconductors -- 2.1 Preparation methods -- 2.1.1 Solid state reaction processes -- 2.1.2 Laser heating -- 2.1.3 High-pressure synthesis -- 2.2 Characterization of lanthanide-based superconductors -- 2.3 Superconducting properties of the LBSC -- 2.4 Applications of LBSC -- Conclusions -- References -- 6 -- Type I Superconductors: Materials and Applications -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Type-I superconductors -- 3. History of superconductivity -- 3.1. Quest for low temperature -- 3.2 Discovery of Helium -- 3.3 Curiosity to know the resistance of metals at absolute zero? -- 3.4 Why mercury used to measure low-temperature resistance? -- 4. Attributes of superconductors -- 4.1 Current in a superconductor coil -- 4.2 How superconductors behave in an external magnetic field? -- 4.3 Unification of electric and magnetic behaviour -- 5. Characteristics of type-I superconductors -- 5.1 Critical Temperature (TC) -- 5.2 Meissner effect or perfect diamagnetism -- 5.3 Critical magnetic field (HC) -- 5.4 Critical current (IC) -- 5.5 Isotope effect -- 5.6 Development of theories of superconductivity.5.6.1 London equations and penetration depth -- 5.6.2 Ginzburg and Landau theory -- 5.6.3 BCS theory -- 5.7 Breakthroughs and outcomes of theoretical research -- 6. Applications -- 7. Issues with type-I superconductors -- References -- 7 -- Bulk Superconductors: Materials and Applications -- 1. Introduction -- 2. New era of high temperature superconductor -- 3. Type-II superconductors -- 4. Characteristics of type-II superconductors -- 4.1 Critical temperature (TC) -- 4.2 Critical magnetic field (HC) -- 4.3 Meissner effect or perfect diamagnetism -- 5. Different types of bulk superconductors -- 5.1 Alloys -- 5.2 Niobium alloys -- 5.3 Oxides, cuprates and ceramics -- 5.4 Fullerenes -- 6. Applications -- 6.1 Superconductor magnets and ordinary electromagnets -- 6.2 High field magnets -- 6.3 Magnetic levitation -- 6.4 Medical applications -- 6.5 Detectors -- 6.6 Josephson junctions -- Conclusion and future outlook -- Reference -- 8 -- Soft Superconductors: Materials and Applications -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Type 1 Superconductors -- 3. Structural properties of superconductors -- 4. A3B structure superconductors -- 5. MMo6X8&amp -- M2A3X3 structures superconductors -- 6. Cuprate superconductors structures -- 7. Production of superconductors -- 8. Wire production -- 9. Thin films production -- 10. Superconductor applications -- Conclusion -- References -- 9 -- Oxide Superconductors -- 1. Background -- 2. Unusual properties super conducting materials and proposed theories and hypothesis -- 3. Cooper pair model -- 4. Crystal structure analysis of superconducting materials -- 5. Applications of oxide superconductor -- Conclusions -- References -- 10 -- High Temperature Superconductors: Materials and Applications -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Science of HTSC -- 3. Nickel based HTSC -- 4. HTSC for fusion reactors.5. HTSC magnetic energy storage for power applications -- 6. HTSC materials based on bismuth -- 7. HTSC in co-axial magnetic gear -- Conclusions -- References -- 11 -- Superconducting Metamaterials and their Applications -- 1. Superconducting materials -- 2. Metamaterials -- 2.1 Low loss metamaterials -- 2.2 Scaling of SRR properties -- 2.3 Scaling of wire array properties -- 3. Novel superconducting metamaterial implementations -- 3.1 Ferromagnet- superconductor composites -- 3.2 DC magnetic superconducting metamaterials -- 3.3 SQUID metamaterials -- 4. Superconducting photonic crystal -- 5. Thin film superconducting metamaterial -- 6. Advantages of metamaterials -- 6.1 Compact superconducting materials -- 6.2 Tuneability and nonlinearity -- 6.3 Implementations of superconducting metamaterials -- 7. Novel applications -- Conclusion -- References -- 12 -- Superconductors for Medical Applications -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Medical applications -- 2.1 Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) -- 2.1.1 Quench protection design of MRI superconducting magnet -- 2.1.2 Open MRI superconducting magnet -- 2.1.3 MRI food inspection system -- 2.2 Magnetic gene transfer -- 2.3 Magnetic drug delivery system -- 2.4 Cancer and internal hemorrhage detection -- Conclusions -- References -- back-matter -- Keyword Index -- About the Editors -- Superconductors for Magnetic Imaging Resonance Applications -- 1. Introduction -- 2. History of superconductor materials for MRI -- 2.1 Liquid helium free SN2 high-temperature fuperconductor magnet -- 2.2 Bismuth strontium calcium copper oxide (Bi2223): First SN2-HTS magnet -- 2.3 Magnesium diboride superconductors -- 2.3.1 Challenges and prospects for MgB2 MRI magnets -- 3. Potential superconductors for MRIs -- 3.1 Nb-Ti and Nb3Sn superconductors -- 3.2 Copper based superconductors.3.3 Rare - earth barium copper oxide superconductors (REBCO) -- 3.4 MgB2 superconductors -- 3.5 Iron-based superconductors (IBS) -- 4. Materials' and their applications' prospects in the future -- Conclusion -- References.The book presents the current status of superconductor science and technology.Materials Research Foundations ScienceInamuddin847455Inamuddin .edtMiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQ9910984634203321Superconductors4333504UNINA