10635nam 2200769 a 450 991097380420332120251116141213.0978661019343197803091767050309176700978128019343912801934339780309586986030958698497805850200200585020027(CKB)110986584753410(OCoLC)42328746(CaPaEBR)ebrary10055619(SSID)ssj0000119874(PQKBManifestationID)11129663(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000119874(PQKBWorkID)10074332(PQKB)10716036(MiAaPQ)EBC3376405(Au-PeEL)EBL3376405(CaPaEBR)ebr10055619(OCoLC)923263569(Perlego)4735445(BIP)1847316(EXLCZ)9911098658475341019940816d1995 ua 0engurcn|||||||||txtccrThe changing nature of telecommunications/information infrastructure /Steering Committee on the Changing Nature of Telecommunications/Information Infrastructure, Computer Science and Telecommunications Board, Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Applications, National Research Council1st ed.Washington, DC National Academy Press19951 online resource (240 p.) Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph9780309050913 030905091X Includes bibliographical references.The Changing Nature of Telecommunications/Information Infrastructure -- Copyright -- Preface -- Contents -- Introduction and Overview -- PART 1-SETTING THE STAGE -- PART 2-REGULATION AND THE EMERGING TELECOMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE -- PART 3-PUBLIC INVESTMENT IN INFRASTRUCTURE -- CROSS-CUTTING ISSUES -- Accommodating Rapid Technological Changes -- Standards and Standards Setting -- Democratization -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- NOTES -- Part 1 Setting the Stage -- Introduction to Part 1 -- The Evolution of the Telecommunications Infrastructure -- HOW THE TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORK BECAME DIGITAL -- THE ADVENT OF DIGITAL SWITCHING -- THE BOTTLENECK: LOCAL LOOP ACCESS -- THE PACKETIZING OF COMMUNICATIONS: ATM -- THE NEW INFRASTRUCTURE -- THE USER VIEW OF INTERNET ECONOMICS -- THE CONTRAST IN PHILOSOPHY BETWEEN THE INTERNET AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS -- MULTIMEDIA AND THE FUTURE OF THE INTERNET -- The Search for the Holy Paradigm: Regulating the Information Infrastructure in the 21st Century -- DEFINITION OF THE INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE -- REGULATION OF THE INFRASTRUCTURE -- Goals of Regulation -- Liberty -- Equity -- Community -- Efficiency -- Participatory Access -- REGULATORY PARADIGMS -- Stage 1: Scarcity -- Production -- Distribution Media -- Reception -- Summary of Stage 1 -- Stage 2: Abundance and Competition -- Production -- Distribution Media -- Reception -- Summary of Stage 2 -- THE NEW COMPLEXITY -- Technological Trends -- Economic Trends -- Sociological and Organizational Trends -- Political Trends -- Scientific Trends -- TOWARD A NEW REGULATORY PARADIGM FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS REGULATION -- MAJOR ISSUES AHEAD -- Production -- Intellectual Property -- Content Controls -- Public Space and Information -- Distribution -- Infrastructure -- Universal Service -- Community -- Reception -- User Control -- Privacy -- Information Literacy.CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- NOTES -- Current and Future Uses of Information Networks -- BACKGROUND -- THE IMPORTANCE OF INFORMATION NETWORKS -- A GOOD ECONOMIC BET -- LIKELY DEVELOPMENTS -- Customer Interfaces -- Bank Structure -- The Network as a Market -- The Network Structure -- The Changing Nature of Telecommunications and the Information Infrastructure for Health Care -- INTRODUCTION -- STIMULI TO CHANGE -- RECOGNIZING THE NEED FOR IMPROVED CLINICAL DATA SYSTEMS -- ATTRACTING PHYSICIANS TO INFORMATION MANAGEMENT TOOLS -- EXAMPLE USES OF THE NII FOR HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Can K-12 Education Drive on the Information Superhighway? -- NO MYSTERY AS TO THE EFFECTIVE APPLICATIONS OF NEW COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES -- SNAGS, BARRIERS, AND ROADBLOCKS ON THE INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY -- The Telecommunications Industry and K-12 Education -- The Organization of Schooling -- K-12 Education and the Real Economy -- GETTING TO CRITICAL MASS: BUILDING THE 21ST-CENTURY INFRASTRUCTURE FOR SCHOOLING -- GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT AND REGULATION TOOLS TO GET K-12 TO CRITICAL MASS -- A Seat at the Table -- REFERENCES -- NOTE -- Future Roles of Libraries in Citizen Access to Information Resources through the National Information Infrastructure -- INTRODUCTION -- UNIVERSAL ACCESS IN THE NETWORKED INFORMATION CONTEXT -- LIBRARY ROLES IN UNIVERSAL ACCESS TO ELECTRONIC INFORMATION -- LIBRARIES, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, AND ELECTRONIC INFORMATION IN A NETWORKED ENVIRONMENT -- THREATS TO PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN THE NETWORKED ENVIRONMENT -- DIGITAL LIBRARIES AND LIBRARY SERVICES -- CONCLUSION: THE BROADER CONTEXT OF INFORMATION PUBLISHING ON THE NII -- DISCUSSION -- Part 2 Regulation and the Emerging Telecommunications Infrastructure -- Introduction to Part 2 -- REGULATION AND POLITICAL LEGITIMACY -- INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSIS OF REGULATION.SOME GENERAL CAVEATS -- IMPLICATIONS FOR EVALUATING REGULATORY STRATEGIES -- VARYING VIEWS ON REGULATION -- REFERENCES -- NOTES -- Government Regulation and Infrastructure Development -- WHAT IS INFRASTRUCTURE? -- WHERE IS THE NATURAL MONOPOLY? -- THE REQUISITES OF PUBLIC POLICY -- Removal of Rate Distortions -- Removal of Entry Barriers -- Deregulation of Noncore Services -- Forbearance from Mandating Network Technology -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- NOTES -- State Regulatory Policies and the Telecommunications/Information Infrastructure -- INTRODUCTION -- CHANGES IN THE TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY -- ROLE OF THE TELECOMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE -- IMPLICATIONS FOR REGULATORY POLICY OBJECTIVES -- Traditional Regulatory Policy Objectives in Telecommunications -- Progressive Regulatory Policy Objectives -- Balancing Competing Objectives -- IMPLICATIONS FOR STATE REGULATORY POLICIES -- Reducing Rate Distortions: California's Implementation Rate Design -- Removing Entry Barriers to Local Exchange Competition -- Deregulating Noncore Services and Regulating the Price of Core Services: Price Cap Plans -- Kansas -- Michigan -- Nebraska -- Vermont -- North Dakota -- West Virginia -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- NOTES -- The Prospects for Meaningful Competition in Local Telecommunications -- INTRODUCTION -- PROSPECTS FOR COMPETITION -- Cable Company Competition with Telephone Companies -- Telephone Company Competition with Cable Companies -- SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- NOTES -- Regulation and Optimal Technological Change: Not Whether, But How -- NOTES -- The Future of Telecommunications Regulation: The Hard Work is Just Beginning -- INTRODUCTION -- PURPOSES OF REGULATION -- INFLATED MONOPOLY RATES AS A CUSHION AGAINST COMPETITION -- RATEPAYERS AS INVOLUNTARY INVESTORS -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- REFERENCE -- NOTES.Costs and Cross-Subsidies in Telecommunications -- REFERENCE -- Economic Ramifications of the Need for Universal Telecommunications Service -- Discussion -- Part 3 Public Investment in Telecommunications Infrastructure -- Introduction to Part 3 -- REFERENCE -- Government Investment in Telecommunications Infrastructure -- INTRODUCTION -- A Note on Definitions -- FEDERAL INVESTMENT IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE -- Tax Incentives -- Direct Support of Research, Development, and Demonstrations -- Support of Telecommunications Networks and Systems -- Development and Support of Applications -- Support of Users -- Other Types of Federal Support -- SCALE OF FEDERAL INVESTMENT IN INFRASTRUCTURE -- RATIONALES FOR DIRECT FEDERAL SUPPORT -- DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- NOTES -- Federal Investment Through Subsidies: Pros and Cons -- MARKET FAILURES -- INSTRUMENTS FOR GOVERNMENTAL FUNDING -- SUPPLY-SIDE AND DEMAND-SIDE SUBSIDIES -- A STYLIZED MODEL -- Telecommunications Infrastructure from the Carrier's Point of View -- POINT ONE: PRIVATE-SECTOR INVESTMENT IS THE KEY TO TOMORROW'S INFRASTRUCTURE -- POINT TWO: REGULATORY POLICY IS CRITICAL TO PRIVATE-SECTOR INVESTMENT -- POINT THREE: THE PUBLIC SECTOR HAS A ROLE IN INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- NOTES -- An Information Provider's Perspective on Government Investment in the Telecommunications Infrastructure -- SHOULD THERE BE ANY (OR MORE) GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT IN INFRASTRUCTURE, FACILITIES, OR SERVICES? -- IS THERE A BENEFIT FROM GOVERNMENT-PROVIDED SEED FUNDING? -- DO GOVERNMENT-SUPPORTED SERVICES REALLY PUT A MEANINGFUL DAMPER ON INVESTMENT IN NEW OR BETTER SERVICES? -- HOW MUCH GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT WOULD BE TOO MUCH? -- Economic Dividends of Government Investment in Research and Technology Development -- R&amp -- D AND COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY -- R&amp -- D AND NETWORKING.REFERENCES -- NOTES -- Perspective of the Noncarrier Transport Provider -- REFERENCE -- Discussion -- Appendix Contributors And Participants.Advancement of telecommunications and information infrastructure occurs largely through private investment. The government affects the rate and direction of this progress through regulation and public investment. This book presents a range of positions and perspectives on those two classes of policy mechanism, providing a succinct analysis followed by papers prepared by experts in telecommunications policy and applications.Information superhighwayUnited StatesTelecommunicationUnited StatesInformation superhighwayTelecommunication384/.09National Research Council (U.S.)National Research Council (U.S.).Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Applications.National Research Council (U.S.).Computer Science and Telecommunications Board.National Research Council (U.S.).Steering Committee on the Changing Nature of Telecommunications/Information Infrastructure.MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910973804203321The changing nature of telecommunications4353002UNINA