06033oam 22014414 450 991097078450332120250426110527.0978661284260397814623850411462385044978145277530214527753039781282842601128284260997814518718691451871864(CKB)3170000000055206(EBL)1608183(SSID)ssj0000940079(PQKBManifestationID)11600618(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000940079(PQKBWorkID)10938245(PQKB)11155033(OCoLC)469106764(MiAaPQ)EBC1608183(IMF)WPIEE2009038(IMF)WPIEA2009038WPIEA2009038(EXLCZ)99317000000005520620020129d2009 uf 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrCan the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union Afford to Grow Old? /Hunter Monroe1st ed.Washington, D.C. :International Monetary Fund,2009.1 online resource (15 p.)IMF Working PapersDescription based upon print version of record.9781451916218 1451916213 Includes bibliographical references.Contents; I. Introduction; II. Emigration and Sustainability; III. Asset Returns and Portfolio Allocation; IV. Other Age-Related Spending; V. Policy Recommendations; Figures; 1. Demographic Profile, 2005-60; 2. Social Security Reserve Assets per Actuarial Reviews; 3. Countries with the Largest Emigration to OECD, 1970-2000; 4. Estimates of Annual Emigration Rates, 2000; 5. Demographic Profile with Constant Emigration at the Historical OECD Rate, 2005-60; 6. Projected Year of Pension Fund Reserve Asset Depletion; 7. Social Security Reserve Portfolio Asset Allocations8. Average Age-Related Expenditure, 2004-069. Costs of Aging, 2006 vs. 2050; ReferencesThe demographic transition in the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union (ECCU) now underway is rapid compared with international experience, and emigration is playing a particularly large role. This paper describes and quantifies several factors which could magnify the challenge of pension reform. First, for some ECCU countries, continued emigration at historical rates would considerably advance the projected date at which pension scheme assets are depleted. Second, there is a significant risk that assets will underperform, given the large exposures to the highly-leveraged public sector and to a lesser extent the record with private sector investments. Third, portfolio diversification away from the public sector could be complicated by age-related pressure for greater central government health spending.IMF Working Papers; Working Paper ;No. 2009/038PensionsCivil service & public sectorimfEconomic sectorsimfEmigration and ImmigrationimfEmigration and immigrationimfExpenditureimfExpenditures, PublicimfFinance, PublicimfFinancial InstrumentsimfHealth care spendingimfInstitutional InvestorsimfInternational MigrationimfLaborimfMacroeconomicsimfMigrationimfMigration, immigration & emigrationimfNational Government Expenditures and HealthimfNon-bank Financial InstitutionsimfNonwage Labor Costs and BenefitsimfPension FundsimfPension spendingimfPensionsimfPopulation and demographicsimfPopulationimfPrivate PensionsimfPublic EnterprisesimfPublic finance & taxationimfPublic FinanceimfPublic sectorimfPublic-Private EnterprisesimfRegional Labor MarketsimfSocial Security and Public PensionsimfUrban, Rural, and Regional Economics: Regional MigrationimfAntigua and BarbudaimfPensions.Civil service & public sectorEconomic sectorsEmigration and ImmigrationEmigration and immigrationExpenditureExpenditures, PublicFinance, PublicFinancial InstrumentsHealth care spendingInstitutional InvestorsInternational MigrationLaborMacroeconomicsMigrationMigration, immigration & emigrationNational Government Expenditures and HealthNon-bank Financial InstitutionsNonwage Labor Costs and BenefitsPension FundsPension spendingPensionsPopulation and demographicsPopulationPrivate PensionsPublic EnterprisesPublic finance & taxationPublic FinancePublic sectorPublic-Private EnterprisesRegional Labor MarketsSocial Security and Public PensionsUrban, Rural, and Regional Economics: Regional Migration332.4;332.497294Monroe Hunter1815784International Monetary Fund.DcWaIMFBOOK9910970784503321Can the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union Afford to Grow Old4372553UNINA