05855nam 2200721Ia 450 991097054720332120251116140412.09786610245925978128024592312802459219780309557511030955751897805851445040585144508(CKB)110986584750650(EBL)3377104(SSID)ssj0000096693(PQKBManifestationID)11130571(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000096693(PQKBWorkID)10111930(PQKB)10015209(MiAaPQ)EBC3377104(Au-PeEL)EBL3377104(CaPaEBR)ebr10068336(OCoLC)940510505(Perlego)4734971(BIP)12806340(EXLCZ)9911098658475065019830712d1983 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrAcid deposition atmospheric processes in Eastern North America : a review of current scientific understanding /Committee on Atmospheric Transport and Chemical Transformation in Acid Precipitation, Environmental Studies Board, Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Resources, National Research Council1st ed.Washington, D.C. National Academy Press19831 online resource (391 p.)Description based upon print version of record.9780309074636 0309074630 9780309033893 0309033896 Acid Deposition; Copyright; Preface; Contents; Summary; STATUS OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE; Data; Meteorological Processes; Models; ISSUES; Applicability of Models To Decisions On Control Strategy; Nonlinearity; Influences of Local and Distant Sources; IMPLICATIONS FOR EMISSION-CONTROL STRATEGIES; RESEARCH NEEDS; 1 Introduction; DEPOSITION ACIDITY; ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS; Physical and Chemical States of Deposited Materials; Reversibility and Irreversibility; OTHER RELATED REGIONAL AIR POLLUTION PHENOMENA; PURPOSE OF THE STUDY; ORGANIZATION OF THE REPORT; NOTES; REFERENCES; 2 Atmospheric ProcessesTRANSPORT AND MIXINGCHEMICAL TRANSFORMATION; Homogeneous Gas-Phase Reactions; Homogeneous Aqueous-Phase Reactions; Relative Roles of Gaseous- and Aqueous-Phase Chemistry; DEPOSITION; Dry Deposition; Wet Deposition; Attachment Processes; REFERENCES; 3 Theoretical Models of Regional Air Quality; MATERIAL BALANCE; DETERMINISTIC MODELS; Treatment of Transport and Mixing; Treatment of Transformation Chemistry; Treatment of Dry and Wet Deposition; Linearity or Nonlinearity in Theoretical Models; Physical Processes; Chemical Processes; FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS; REFERENCES4 Empirical Observations and Source-Receptor RelationshipsAEROMETRIC DATA AND THEIR LIMITATIONS; RELATIONSHIPS AMONG AEROMETRIC PARAMETERS; THE INFLUENCE OF METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS; Classification of Meteorological Conditions; Air-Mass Trajectories; STATISTICAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS; Regression on Principal Components; Empirical Orthogonal-Function Analysis; Elemental-Tracer Analysis; ANALYSIS OF HISTORICAL TRENDS; ANALYSIS OF RELATIVE BEHAVIOR OF SULFUR AND NITROGEN EMISSIONS; FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS; Nonlinearity; Influence of Local and Distant Sources; REFERENCES; 5 Research NeedsFIELD STUDIESCloud Processes; Studies of Chemical Mechanisms; Dry Deposition; Tracers; Meteorological Studies; LABORATORY STUDIES; DEVELOPMENT OF THEORETICAL MODELS; Appendix A The Chemistry of Acid Formation; GAS-PHASE REACTIONS LEADING TO GENERATION OF ACID IN THE TROPOSPHERE; Oxidation By Stable Atmospheric Molecules; Reactive Transient Species in the Troposphere; Atmospheric Oxidation of SO2 by Reactive Transient Species; Atmospheric Oxidation of NO2 by Reactive Transient Species; Theoretical Rates of SO2 and NO2 Conversion To H2SO4 and HONO2 Through Gas-Phase Reactions in the TroposphereTHE SOLUTION-PHASE OXIDATION OF SO2 IN THE TROPOSPHEREAqueous-Phase Oxidation of SO2; Comparison of Reaction Pathways For Solution-Phase Oxidation of SO2; Solution-Phase Generation of Nitric and Nitrous Acids in the Troposphere; SUMMARY; REFERENCES; Appendix B Transport and Dispersion Processes; CLASSIFICATION OF TRANSPORT PHENOMENA; LOCAL AND MESOSCALE TRANSPORT; SYNOPTIC-OR CONTINENTAL-SCALE TRANSPORT; HEMISPHERIC OR GLOBAL TRANSPORT; CONCLUSIONS; ACKNOWLEDGMENTS; REFERENCES; Appendix C Atmospheric Deposition Processes; 1. INTRODUCTION; 2. DRY-DEPOSITION PROCESSES2.1 Mechanisms of Dry DepositionHow damaging is acid rain? Current opinions differ widely, in part because for every proposed link between acid rain and adverse environmental effects an alternative explanation based on other phenomena can be or has been proposed, and in many cases cannot be readily dismissed. The specific areas addressed in this volume include the emissions of sulfur and nitrogen oxides, precipitation chemistry, atmospheric sulfates and visibility, surface water chemistry, sediment chemistry and abundance of diatom taxa, fish populations, and forest productivity. The book then draws conclusions about the acid deposition-phenomenon relationship, identifying phenomena which are directly acid deposition-caused and suggesting others apparently caused by human activities unrelated to acid deposition.WeatherMeteorologyNorth America, EasternAcid rainNorth America, EasternWeather.MeteorologyAcid rainMiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910970547203321Acid deposition4351450UNINA